上海市浦东区2016学年度第一学期质量监控试卷 高三英语
(满分140分，考试时间120分钟） 2016.12
I. Listening Comprehension (25%) Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Sorry.
C. Excited.
2. A. An accountant.
C. An artist. 3. A. 2000 yuan.
C.1200 yuan. 4. A. On a plane.
C. In a boat. C. A book. C. Friends.
B. Annoyed.
D. Puzzled.
B. A surgeon. D. A scientist. B.3200 yuan.
D.3600 yuan.
B. In a physical medical room. D. In a school rest room.
5. A. A job. B. An article.
D. An author.
D. Cousins.
B. Treat his injury immediately.
6. A. Twins. B. Classmates. 7. A. Give his ankle a good rest.
C. Continue his regular exercises. D. Be careful when climbing steps. 8. A. Go on a diving tour in Europe. B. Add 300 dollars to his budget.
C. Travel overseas on his own.
D. Join a package tour to Mexico.
B. In case they should be late.
D. To make better preparations.
9. A. In case some problems should occur.
C. To avoid more work later on.
10. A. The rock band needs more hours of practice.
B. The rock band is going to play here for a month. C. Their hard work has resulted in a big success. D. He appreciates the woman’s help with the band.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
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11. A. Its strong education system.
B. Its population.
C. Its growing tourism industry.
D. Its bilingual signs.
12. A. All citizens receive quality English teaching. B. More money should be spent on teacher training.
C. An English-speaking environment should be built. D. Tourism industry should be promoted. 13. A. The foreign investment will increase.
B. It will bring the economic and social benefits. C. The education system will be strengthened.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 13. A. He shopped for groceries.
B. He took care of his sick parent. C. He cared for his younger brother.
D. It will improve Singapore’s ranking in English level.
D. He made important family decisions. 15. A. It may help children grow up quickly.
B. It may force children to sacrifice their childhoods.
C. It will turn children’s responsibility into a delight. D. It will make children more isolated and confused. 16. A. Children getting satisfaction from helping others.
B. Children taking on adult responsibility.
C. Frustration and stress caused to children by parents. D. The environment for children’s better growth.
Section C
Directions: In Section C，you will hear a conversation. The conversation will be read twice. After you hear a conversation and the questions about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Tour guide.
C. Journalist.
B. Editor.
D. Typist.
18. A. Some newly discovered scenic spot.
B. Big changes in the Amazon valley. C. A new railway under construction. D. The beautiful Amazon rain forests. 19. A. In news weeklies.
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B. In newspapers’ Sunday editions. C. In a local evening paper.
D. In overseas edition of U.S. magazines. 20. A. To become a professional writer.
B. To get her life story published soon. C. To be employed by a newspaper. D. To sell her articles to a news service.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%) Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
I can still remember the afternoon when we climbed the mountain as if it were yesterday.
It was a sunny day. Eager to spend some time outside, I went up the mountain with my uncle. The mountain was hard (21) ________(climb) and had tough rocks and streams on it. In the end, (22) ________ (exhaust) and hot, I couldn’t go any further. So we went back down the mountain in the end.
On the way back down, my uncle asked me a question, (23) _____ left me speechless for a second: ―What’s your dream, young lady?‖
―I have no idea,‖ I answered (24) _____thinking it for a while. Then he smiled and told me about his story. He didn’t perform well at school when he was a student. Although nobody thought he could succeed, he knew clearly (25) ______his dream was-----to be a businessman. ―I knew I wasn’t gifted when it came to studying, so I tried to buy snacks from a market and sell them after class,‖ he told me. After he left school, he started selling different items to find out which one was most attractive to customers. Of course, he often had no money in his pocket, but (26) ______ tough life was, he never gave up.
―There is no doubt that a person who puts in a great deal of effort to reach his or her goal will have good luck at some point. The meaning of life is to chase your dream,‖ he said gently.
That night I (27) ______ hardly fall asleep. I lay in bed tossing and turning, asking myself, ―What’s my motivation?‖
I once wanted to be a top student, but the hard work needed meant (28) _____ (put) everything into following my passion. If I find myself lacking willpower, what should I do? Leaving home early the next morning, I climbed the mountain again by (29) _____. It made me think: If we don’t experience the climb, how can we get to see the scenery on the top of the mountain? In the end, I reached the top and (30) ______ (fascinate) by the warm breeze and sunshine. Nothing could be more pleasant than that.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be use only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
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A. quickly B. analyze G. dramatic
C. programmed D. adoption E. boredom F. unaccompanied H. transform I. distracted J. peacefully K. prospect
Imagine an urban neighborhood where most of the cars are self-driving. What would it be like to be a pedestrian?
Actually, pretty good. In fact, pedestrians might end up with the run of the place.
In a new study published in the Journal of Planning Education and Research, Millard-Ball looks at the __31__ of urban areas where a majority of vehicles are ―autonomous‖ or self-driving. It’s a phenomenon that’s not as far off as one might think.
―Autonomous vehicles have the potential to __32__ travel behavior,‖ Millard-Ball says. He uses game theory to __33__ the interactions between pedestrians and self-driving vehicles, with a focus on yielding at crosswalks.
Because autonomous vehicles are by design risk-averse, Millard-Ball's model suggests that pedestrians will be able to act with impunity, and he thinks autonomous vehicles may facilitate a shift towards pedestrian-oriented urban neighborhoods. However, Millard-Ball also finds that the __34__ of autonomous vehicles may be hampered by their strategic disadvantage that slows them down in urban traffic.
―Pedestrians routinely play the game of chicken,‖ Millard-Ball writes. Crossing the street, even at a marked crosswalk without a traffic signal, requires a probability calculation: what are the odds of survival?
The benefit of crossing the street __35__, instead of waiting for a gap in traffic, is traded off against the probability of injury or even death. Pedestrians know that drivers are not interested in running them down -- usually. But there is the chance a driver may be __36__, or drunk.
Self-driving cars are __37__ to obey the rules of the road, including waiting for pedestrians to cross. They could provide the most __38__ transformation in urban transportation systems. Parking, street design, and transportation service networks are likely to be revolutionized. In his latest study, Millard-Ball suggests that the potential benefits of self-driving cars -- avoiding __39__ of traffic and traffic accidents -- may be outweighed by the drawbacks of an always play-it-safe vehicle that slows traffic for everybody.
―From the point of view of a passenger in an automated car, it would be like driving down a street filled with __40__ five-year-old children,‖ Millard-Ball writes.
Alternatively, planners could seize the opportunity to create more pedestrian-oriented streets. Autonomous vehicles could start a new era of pedestrian domination.
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III. Reading Comprehension (45%) Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Everybody loves to hate invasive species. The international list of invasive species—defined as those that were introduced by humans to new places, and then __41__ — runs to over 4,000. In Australia and New Zealand hot war is fought against introduced creatures like cane toads (蔗蟾蜍) and rats.
Some things that are uncontroversial (无争议的) are nonetheless foolish. With a few important exceptions, campaigns to __42__ invasive species are merely a waste of money and effort — for reasons that are partly practical and partly philosophical.
Start with the practical arguments. Most invasive species are neither terribly successful nor very__43__. Britons think themselves surrounded by foreign plants. __44__, Britain’s invasive plants are not widespread, not spreading especially quickly, and often less of a(n) __45__ than vigorous native plants. The arrival of new species almost always __46__ biological diversity (多样性) in a region; in many cases, a flood of newcomers drives no native species to extinction. One reason is that invaders tend to colonise __47__ habitats like polluted lakes and post-industrial wasteland, where little else lives. They are nature’s opportunists.
The philosophical reason for starting war on the invaders is also __48__. Elimination campaigns tend to be __49__ by the belief that it is possible to restore balance to nature — to return woods and lakes to the state before human __50__. That is misguided. Nature is an everlasting mess, with species constantly emerging, withdrawing and hybridizing (杂交). Humans have only quickened these processes. Going back to ancient habitats is becoming __51__ in any case, because of man-made climate change. Taking on the invaders is a(n) __52__ gesture, not a means to an achievable end.
A reasonable attitude to invaders need not imply passivity. A few foreign species are truly __53__ and should be fought: the Nile perch – a fish, has helped drive many species of fish to extinction in Lake Victoria. It makes sense to __54__ pathogens (病菌), especially those that destroy whole native tree species, and to stop known agricultural pests from gaining a foothold. Fencing off wildlife reserves to create open-air ecological museums is fine, too. And it is a good idea for European gardeners to destroy Japanese plants, just as they give no apace to native harmful grasses like bindweed and ground elder. You can garden in a garden. You cannot garden __55__. That is universally accepted.
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