毕业设计（论文）
题 目：基于PLC升降横移式立体车库控制系统设计 学 院: 电子信息学 专业班级: 测控技术与仪器2009级2班 指导教师: 贾江涛 职称: 讲师 学生姓名: 梁 鹏 飞 学 号: 40903050218
西安工程大学本科毕业设计（论文）
摘 要
自从1994年国家制定了汽车产业政策，将汽车产业作为国家的支柱产业以来，有效地刺激了汽车工业的生产和发展，特别是近年来人们经济收入的快速增长和生活水平的不断改善，轿车急增使城市停车难问题日益突出，不仅影响了道路交通顺畅，破坏了城市的绿化和美化，而且污染了城市观瞻，随着中国加入WTO之后，这些问题将会越来越严重, 从新加坡、日本等许多经济发达国家的成功经验可以看出，建立立体停车库不失为解决城市“停车难”的理想手段，而且必将成为一个独具特色的阳光产业。
目前常见的机械式立体停车库有升降横移式、垂直循环式、多层循环式、水平循环式、平面移动式、巷道堆垛式、垂直升降类和简易升降式8种，其中升降横移类以其结构简单、操作方便、安全可靠、造价低等优点，在国内车库市场占有83％的市场份额。可编程控制器(PLC)集微机技术、自动化技术、通讯技术为一体，可靠性强、性价比高、设计紧凑、扩展性好、操作方便，因此在自动停车系统中通常作为电控核心。对于规模较大的系统，还可使用工业现场总线构成PLC网络，实现自动控制。
关键字：自动控制，立体车库，PLC
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西安工程大学本科毕业设计（论文）
ABSTRACT
Since 1994, the state policy to develop the automobile industry, the car industry as a pillar industry of the country has been effective in stimulating the production and development of the automotive industry, especially in recent years the rapid growth of income and living standards continue to improve, car emergency increase so that the city parking is difficult problems have become increasingly prominent, not only affects the smooth road, destroyed the city's greening and beautification, and pollution of the city unsightly, as China joined the WTO, these problems will become more severe, from Singapore, Japan and many successful experiences of developed economies can be seen, the establishment of solid garage may well solve the city, \ Current common mechanical parking equipment with lifting and transferring, vertical circulation, multi-loop, horizontal circular, flat mobile, laneway, vertical lifting type and easy lift eight kinds, including lifting and transferring class of its simple structure, convenient operation, safe and reliable, and low cost in the domestic market share of 83% of the garage of the market share. Programmable controller (PLC) set of computer technology, automation technology, communications technology as a whole, reliable, cost-effective, compact design, scalability, and ease of operation, so the automatic parking system, usually used as electronic control core. For larger systems, but also the use of industrial field bus constitute PLC network, and automatic control.
KEY WORDS: Automatic control,Parking, PLC
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西安工程大学本科毕业设计（论文）
目 录
第1章 绪论.............................................................................................................. 1
1.1自动化立体车库的发展与现状简介............................................................... 1 1.2研究自动化体力车库的意义........................................................................... 3 1.3 自动化立体车库的技术分类及其特点.......................................................... 4 第2章 PLC的基础知识 ............................................................................................. 5
2.1 PLC简介 .......................................................................................................... 5
2.1.1 PLC的产生 ............................................................................................ 5 2.1.2 PLC的定义 ............................................................................................ 6 2.1.3PLC的种类 ............................................................................................. 6 2.2 PLC的特点 ...................................................................................................... 8 2.3 PLC的组成及工作原理 ................................................................................ 10
2.3.1 PLC的组成 .......................................................................................... 10 2.3.2 PLC的工作原理 .................................................................................. 17 2.4 PLC的编程语言 ......................................................................................... 19
2.4.1 梯形图语言（LD） .......................................................................... 19 2.4.2 指令表语言（IL） ............................................................................ 19 2.4.3 功能模块图语言（FBD） ................................................................ 20 2.4.4 顺序功能流程图语言（SFC） ........................................................ 20 2.4.5 结构化文本语言（ST） ................................................................... 20
第3章 立体车库硬件设计........................................................................................ 22
3.1 硬件器件简介.............................................................................................. 22
3.1.1 松下FP1型PLC ............................................................................... 22 3.1.2 传感器（BEN5M-MDT） ................................................................ 22 3.1.3 行程开关（YKXX1-111（T）） ..................................................... 22
3.1.4 转换开关（YKXH28） .................................................................... 23 3.1.5 按钮（YKXY6） .............................................................................. 23 3.1.6 指示灯（AD16-16DS） ................................................................... 23
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西安工程大学本科毕业设计（论文）
3.1.7 升降电机............................................................................................ 23 3.1.8 横移电机............................................................................................ 23 3.2 硬件设计...................................................................................................... 23
3.2.1 升降横移立体车库简介.................................................................... 23 3.2.2 车库外观图设计................................................................................ 25 3.2.3 PLC原理图设计 ............................................................................... 25 3.2.4 控制面板设计.................................................................................... 26
第4章 PLC控制系统软件设计 ............................................................................... 29 4.1 PLC型号的选择 ........................................................................................ 29
4.1.1 I/O点数的确定 ................................................................................. 29 4.1.2 选定PLC ........................................................................................... 29 4.1.3 控制系统I/O地址分配 .................................................................... 29 4.2 PLC控制程序设计 ..................................................................................... 31
4.2.1 控制程序流程图................................................................................ 31 4.2.2 闸门控制程序.................................................................................... 32 4.2.3 指示灯控制程序................................................................................ 35
第5章 结论.............................................................................................................. 38 参考文献...................................................................................................................... 39 附录A 立体车库运行梯形图 .................................................................................. 41
附录B I/O控制原理图 ................................................................................................. 50
致谢.............................................................................................................................. 49
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