4.4 安装操作系统
将OEL6.4安装介质ISO文件上传到datastore，然后进行安装。
Note: This document is specific to Linux guest operating system. Oracle RAC 11.2.0.2 and above
versions can be deployed and supported on the list ofguest operation systems usingVMware multi-writer flag(http://kb.vmware.com/kb/1008027).
在虚拟机上安装Linux操作系统
1. In vSphereClient, select a virtual machine. 2. Click Edit settings.
3. In the Hardware tab of the Virtual Machine Properties pane, selectCD/DVD Drive 1. 4. In the Device Status section of this pane, select the Connect at power on check box.
5. In the Device Type section of this pane, select Datastore ISO File and enter the path to your Linux
ISO image file. 6. In the Virtual Device Node section of this pane, select CD/DVD Drive 1 from the drop-down
menu. 7. Click OK.
8. Power on the virtual machine.
9. Install Linux with the following settings.
Custom partitioning scheme:
/dev/sda1 ext3 150GB mounted on /
Installed packages – use the default package selection, plus the following: ? ? ?
kernel-uek.x86_64 kmod-oracleasm
oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64 (download from
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linux/asmlib/index-101839.html.) ? ?
oracleasm-support-2.1.3-1.el5.x86_64 systat-7.0.2-3.el5.x86_64
10. Use below script to install remaining packages:
yuminstall binutils \\ compat-libcap1 \\
compat-libstdc++-33 \\
compat-libstdc++-33.i686 \\ gcc.x86_64 \\
gcc-c++.x86_64 \\ glibc.x86_64 \\ glibc.i686 \\
glibc-devel.x86_64 \\ glibc-devel.i686 \\ unixODBC.i686 \\ unixODBC.x86_64 \\
unixODBC-devel.x86_64 \\ unixODBC-devel.i686 \\ libgcc.x86_64 \\ libgcc.i686 \\
? 2014 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 16 of 42
libstdc++.x86_64 \\ libstdc++.i686 \\
libstdc++-devel.x86_64 \\ libstdc++-devel.i686 \\
compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 \\ compat-libstdc++-33.i686 \\ libaio.x86_64 \\ libaio.i686 \\
libaio-devel.x86_64 \\ libaio-devel.i686 \\ sysstat.x86_64 \\ ksh \\
libXtst-devel.x86_64 \\ libXtst.i686 \\
compat-db.x86_64 \\
xorg-x11-utils.x86_64 \\ xorg-x11-xinit.x86_64 \\ make
? 2014 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 17 of 42
11. View the installed packages with this command:
run command “rpm –q
12. Confirm that the following packages have been installed:
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64) compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64) compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686 gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686) glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64) glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64) glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686 ksh
libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686) libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6.i686
libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6.i686
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64) libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64) libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686 make-3.81-19.el6
sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64)
unixODBC-2.2.14-11.el6 (x86_64) or later unixODBC-2.2.14-11.el6.i686 or later unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-11.el6 (x86_64) or later
unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-11.el6.i686 or later
? 2014 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 18 of 42
13. 最后安装下面两个包:
? ?
oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall (从YUM安装，这个包会配置Oracle RAC所需系统参数和环境变量)
cvuqdisk (Oracle安装介质中提供这个包，用于安装前检查)
14. 检查配置文件 /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 6815744 (512 x processes for example 6815744 for 13312 processes) net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
kernel.shmall = physical RAM size / pagesizeFor most systems, this will be the value 2097152. See Note: 301830.1 for more information. eg:
kernel.shmall=4160749568(62GB) kernel.shnmax= 34359738368(32GB)
kernel.shmmax = RAM times 0.5 (or higher at customer's discretion - seeNote:567506.1)
/etc/profile
ulimit –u 16384 ulimit –n 65535
15. 依照oracle传统，创建clusterware主用户 “grid”:
[root@racnode1 ~]# groupadd -g 1000 oinstall [root@racnode1 ~]# groupadd -g 1200 asmadmin [root@racnode1 ~]# groupadd -g 1201 asmdba [root@racnode1 ~]# groupadd -g 1202 asmoper
[root@racnode1 ~]# useradd -m -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper -d /home/grid -s /bin/bash -c \
[root@racnode1 ~]# id griduid=1100(grid) gid=1000(oinstall)
groups=1000(oinstall), 1200(asmadmin), 1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper) 设置 grid 帐户的口令：
[root@racnode1 ~]# passwd grid
Changing password for user grid. New UNIX password:xxxxxxxxxxx
Retype new UNIX password:xxxxxxxxxxx
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
为grid用户创建初始化脚本(/home/grid/.bash_profile):
# --------------------------------------------------- # .bash_profile
# --------------------------------------------------- # OS User: grid
# Application: Oracle Grid Infrastructure # Version: Oracle 11g release 2
? 2014 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 19 of 42
# ---------------------------------------------------
# Get the aliases and functions if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then . ~/.bashrc fi
alias ls=\
# --------------------------------------------------- # ORACLE_SID
# --------------------------------------------------- # Specifies the Oracle system identifier (SID)
# for the Automatic Storage Management (ASM)instance # running on this node.
# Each RAC node must have a unique ORACLE_SID. # (i.e. +ASM1, +ASM2,...)
# --------------------------------------------------- ORACLE_SID=+ASM1; export ORACLE_SID
# --------------------------------------------------- # JAVA_HOME
# --------------------------------------------------- # Specifies the directory of the Java SDK and Runtime # Environment.
# --------------------------------------------------- JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java; export JAVA_HOME
# --------------------------------------------------- # ORACLE_BASE
# --------------------------------------------------- # Specifies the base of the Oracle directory structure # for Optimal Flexible Architecture (OFA) compliant # installations. The Oracle base directory for the # grid installation owner is the location where
# diagnostic and administrative logs, and other logs # associated with Oracle ASM and Oracle Clusterware # are stored.
# --------------------------------------------------- ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid; export ORACLE_BASE
# --------------------------------------------------- # ORACLE_HOME
# --------------------------------------------------- # Specifies the directory containing the Oracle # Grid Infrastructure software. For grid
# infrastructure for a cluster installations, the Grid # home must not be placed under one of the Oracle base # directories, or under Oracle home directories of # Oracle Database installation owners, or in the home # directory of an installation owner. During
# installation, ownership of the path to the Grid # home is changed to root. This change causes # permission errors for other installations.
# --------------------------------------------------- ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid; export ORACLE_HOME
# --------------------------------------------------- # ORACLE_PATH
# --------------------------------------------------- # Specifies the search path for files used by Oracle # applications such as SQL*Plus. If the full path to # the file is not specified, or if the file is not # in the current directory, the Oracle application
? 2014 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 20 of 42