天津工业大学毕业论文
家庭室内环境检测系统设计
姓学专
名院
XXX电气工程与自动化
业电气工程及其自动化
XXXXXX
指导教师职
称
2015年6月1日
摘要
我们知道温湿度和有害气体浓度是标定环境不可或缺的参数，对其准确的测量具有重要意义，本系统是针对人们的长期居住场所或者工作场所的室内空气质量而设计的。当前，人们随着生活水平的不断提高，对室内的环境舒适度要求也明显提高，居室和住宅不仅是家庭团聚和生活的场所，而且还是人们生活的重要物质保障，但是随着生活用品的普及和装修材料的大量使用，家庭环境的隐患大幅度提高。在室内有害气体浓度的大小上和温湿度的影响上都有体现。由于室内装修的复杂性和污染源的广泛性，大多是人们对于室内环境保护意识有很大不足之处，对人们的生命安全造成很大威胁。由此，人们越来越关注甲醛浓度的监测，据有关部门的数据统计表明，每年由室内环境污染造成死亡或患病的人数比例有明显的上升趋势，室内环境污染已经严重的威胁到人们的健康。目前在市场内的室内环境的监测仪器价格比较昂贵，并且功能单一，主要是针对有害气体的检测，据调查迫切需要一个综合检测系统，且适合家用室内有害气体体和温湿度的检测。
1，为实现对甲醛浓度、环境温湿度和燃气浓度的采集与读取的功能，我们将采用单片机控制技术和传感技术相结合，达到检测的效果。
2，利用蜂鸣器报警功能，当甲醛浓度值和温湿度值超过设定的标准值时，实现自动报警功能。通过LED数码显示技术实时显示出环境的温湿度及显示电路的设计。
3，利用发光二极管遥感性强的特点进行有害气体浓度超限和温湿度报警。4，采用单片机简单易操作的特点控制启动换气扇和关闭燃气阀门。关键词：传感技术；单片机；数码显示；报警
Abstract
Weknowthatthetemperatureandhumidityandconcentrationofharmfulgasesisindispensableparametercalibrationenvironmenthasimportantsignificanceforitsaccuratemeasurement,thissystemisdesignedforpeopleinlong-termplacetoliveorindoorairqualityintheworkplace.Currently,peoplewiththecontinuousimprovementoflivingstandards,indoorenvironmentalcomfortrequirementsarealsosignificantlyimproved,bedroomandhomeisnotonlyaplaceforafamilyreunionandlife,butalsoanimportantmaterialtoprotectpeople'slives,butwiththepopularityofdailynecessitiesandextensiveuseofdecorationmaterials,hiddenfamilyenvironmentgreatlyimproved.Onthesizeoftheindoorconcentrationofharmfulgasesandtheinfluenceoftemperatureandhumidityarereflected.Duetothecomplexityoftheinteriordecorationandthebreadthofsources,mostpeoplehaveagreatawarenessofenvironmentalprotectionfortheinteriordeficiencies,onpeople'slivesandsafetyofposingagreatthreat.Asaresult,thereisgrowingconcernformaldehydeconcentrationmonitoring,accordingtorelevantstatisticsshowthateachyearfromindoorpollutioncausedbytheratioofthenumberofdeathsorillnesshaveaclearupwardtrend,indoorpollutionhasbeenaseriousthreattopeople'shealth.Currentmonitoringinstrumentsinthemarketpriceoftheindoorenvironmentisrelativelyexpensive,andsinglefunction,mainlyforthedetectionofharmfulgases,accordingtothesurveyurgentneedforacomprehensivedetectionsystem,andissuitableforthedetectionofharmfulgasesbodiesandhouseholdindoortemperatureandhumidity.
1.Toachievetheformaldehydeconcentration,temperatureandhumidityandgasconcentrationandfunctionalcollectionread,wewillusethesingle-chipcontroltechnologyandsensortechnology,toachievetheeffectofdetection.
2.Usebuzzeralarmfunction,whenthestandardofformaldehydeconcentrationandtemperatureandhumidityvalueexceedsthesetvalue,automaticalarmfunction.LEDdigitaldisplaytechnologythroughthedesignofreal-timedisplayoftemperatureandhumidityenvironmentanddisplaycircuits.
3.Theuseoflight-emittingdiodecharacteristicsofremotesensingandstrongconcentrationofharmfulgasesandtemperatureandhumiditygaugealarms.
4.SCMfeaturessimpleandeasytooperateandcontrolthestartventilatorshutoffthegasvalve.
Keywords:sensortechnology；single-chip；digitaldisplay；alarm
目录
第一章绪论.............................................................................................1
1.11.21.31.4
设计背景及意义.............................................................................................1室内监测系统的现状.....................................................................................2设计目的及内容.............................................................................................3本章小结.........................................................................................................4
第二章系统设计方案论证以及总体框架设计.....................................5
2.1设计方案论证.................................................................................................5
2.1.1单片机模块的选择及论证..................................................................52.1.2温湿度监测模块选择与论证..............................................................52.1.3煤气监测选择与论证..........................................................................62.1.4甲醛气体监测模块选择与论证..........................................................62.2总体硬件电路框架.........................................................................................62.3本章小结.........................................................................................................7
第三章硬件系统设计与连接.................................................................8
3.1温湿度检测模块设计.....................................................................................83.2甲醛监测模块设计.........................................................................................9
3.2.1甲醛传感器..........................................................................................93.2.2A/D转换器...........................................................................................93.2.3甲醛模块设计....................................................................................103.3燃气监测模块设计.......................................................................................11
3.3.1MQ-5传感器.......................................................................................113.3.2燃气监测模块设计............................................................................123.4控制模块设计...............................................................................................12
3.4.1AT89S52单片机.................................................................................123.4.2AT89S52单片机时钟电路.................................................................163.4.3AT89S52单片机复位电路................................................................163.4.4换气扇控制电路设计........................................................................173.4.5燃气阀门控制电路设计....................................................................173.5显示电路设计...............................................................................................183.6报警模块设计...............................................................................................183.7电路电源部分设计.......................................................................................193.8本章小结.......................................................................................................19
第四章系统软件设计...........................................................................20
4.1编程语言选择...............................................................................................204.2程序设计流程...............................................................................................20
4.2.1温湿度测量模块................................................................................204.2.2燃气监测模块....................................................................................23