汽车专业英语
相反的, 反向的 刚硬的 6
Unit 1 The Basic Structure of an Automobile
(续) 轴 火花 减速装置 弹簧 转向装置 冲程 悬挂 (点火、喷油等)正时 轮胎 力矩 机械学的 驱动力 传动装置, 变速器 车辆 卡车, 载重汽车 3. Read each statement below and indicate if it is true (T) or false (F) according to your understanding of the text, and then translate the true sentences.
(1) The suspension supports the weight of the vehicle, absorbs road shocks, transmits brake-reaction forces . ( )
(2) The steering system enables the driver to turn the rear wheels to control the direction of most vehicle travel. ( )
(3) A brake is a device that uses a uncontrolled force to reduce the speed of or stop a moving vehicle. ( )
(4) The engine supplies the power to move the vehicle. ( )
(5) V-type 12-cylinder engine are the most widely used today. ( )
(6) Most automotive engines today have electronic fuel injection instead of a carburetor. ( )
(7) The final drive is the speed-reduction gear set that drives the differential. ( )
READING MATERIAL History of the Automobile
The history of the automobile begins as early as 1769, with the creation of steam-powered automobiles capable of human transport. Steam-powered self-propelled vehicles are thought to have been devised in the late 18th century. German engineer Karl Benz, inventor of numerous
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汽车专业英语
car-related technologies, is generally regarded as the inventor of the modern automobile. Karl Benz built his first automobile in 1885 in Mannheim(Fig.1.2). Benz was granted a patent for his automobile on 29 January 1886, and began the first production of automobiles in 1888.
Fig.1.2 The 1885-built Benz Patent Motorwagen
? Veteran Car Era
By 1900, mass production of automobiles had begun in France and the United States. Innovation was rapid and rampant, with no clear standards for basic vehicle architectures, body styles, construction materials, or controls. Major breakthroughs in proving the usefulness of the automobile came with the historic long-distance drive of Bertha Benz in 1888, when she traveled more than 80 kilometres (50 mi) from Mannheim to Pforzheim, to make people aware of the potential of the vehicles her husband, Karl Benz, manufactured.
? Edwardian Era
Edwardian era lasted from roughly 1905 through to the beginning of World War I in 1914. The most popular car is shown as (Fig.1.3)Key developments included electric ignition system (by Robert Bosch, 1903), independent suspension, and four-wheel brakes (by the Arrol-Johnston Company of Scotland in 1909).
Fig.1. 3 The 1910 Model T, Photographed in Salt Lake City
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Unit 1 The Basic Structure of an Automobile
? Vintage Era
The vintage era lasted from the end of World War I (1919), The most popular car is shown as Fig.1.4 through the Wall Street Crash at the end of 1929. During this period, the front-engined car came to dominate, with closed bodies and standardised controls becoming the norm. Development of the internal combustion engine continued at a rapid pace, with multi-valve and overhead camshaft engines produced at the high end.
Fig.1.4 Bugatti Type 35A Grand Prix Racer 1925
? Pre-WWII Era
The pre-war era began with the Great Depression in 1930, and ended at 1948. The most popular car is shown as Fig.1.5 By the 1930s, most of the mechanical technology used in today's automobiles had been invented.
Fig.1.5 Rolls Royce Phantom, Circa 1936
? Post-war Era
Automobile design finally emerged from the shadow of World War II in 1949. In Italy, Enzo Ferrari was beginning his 250 series. In America, performance became a prime focus of marketing, exemplified by pony cars and muscle cars. But everything changed in the 1970s as the 1973 oil crisis. The biggest developments of the era were the widespread use of independent suspensions, wider application of fuel injection, and an increasing focus on safety in the design of automobiles. The most popular car is shown as Fig.1.6
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汽车专业英语
Fig.1.6 1974—1978 Mustang II.
? Modern Era
The modern era is normally defined as the 25 years preceding the current year. The modern era has been one of increasing standardisation, platform sharing, and computer-aided design. Some particularly notable advances in modern times are the widespread of front-wheel drive and all-wheel drive, the adoption of the V6 engine configuration, and the ubiquity of fuel injection.The modern era has also seen rapidly rising fuel efficiency and engine output. The most popular car is shown as Fig.1.7
Fig.1.7 1992—1993 Honda Accord sedan (U.S.)
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n. 纪元; 年代 adj. 无法控制的 n. 突破点 n. 悬挂
adj. 古老的; 过时的(尤指曾经一度为最佳的) vt. 使标准化 vt. 举例证明 n. 标准化
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Unit 1 The Basic Structure of an Automobile
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platform [?????????]
n. 平台
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