河 南 科 技 大 学
毕 业 设 计（论 文）
半翅目昆虫前翅翅脉比较形态学研究
姓 名 院 （系） 林学院 专 业 植物保护 指导教师
2013年 5 月 30日
半翅目昆虫前翅翅脉比较形态学研究
摘 要
本次实验，我们通过比较形态学的方法来研究观察半翅目不同种属间昆虫前翅的特点。通过实验研究，我们可以了解到，半翅目昆虫不同科属间昆虫前翅翅脉存在着明显的差异，并且同一科属间不同种属的昆虫前翅翅脉也存在显著差异。猎蝽科的前翅翅脉简单。前翅只有革片和膜片，没有爪片。革片上有两条主脉，纵脉R脉和M脉。膜片基部有2个封闭的翅室，室端各伸出2条纵脉。姬蝽科的前翅翅脉复杂。前翅分为革片、爪片和膜片。革片和爪片上没有明显的翅脉；膜片上近臀前区的两条纵脉间有多条横脉，形成多个闭合的翅室，从膜片基部有许多纵脉，每条纵脉有4-5条分脉。长蝽科的前翅翅脉简单。前翅分为革片、爪片和膜片。革片和爪片上没有明显的翅脉，膜片上有4—5条纵脉。红蝽科的前翅翅脉复杂。前翅分为革片和膜片，没有爪片。革片上有2条明显的纵脉，R脉和M脉，都不具分支。R脉和M脉中段有一片加深区域，连接了R脉和M脉。膜片有2—3个翅室，每翅室有3—4条纵脉伸出，纵脉又有4-5条分脉。
关键词：半翅目；翅脉；形态学；比较
COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF HEMIPTERA
FOREWING VEINS
ABSTRACT
In this experiment, we adopted the method of the comparative morphology to research the characteristics of Hemiptera insect wing between different species .Through experimental study, we can learn there are obvious differences in forewing veins of the Hemiptera indifferent families , and different species of insects in the same family and genus forewing veins there are also significant differences.The forewing veins of Reduviidae are simple.Forewing only has leather piece and the diaphragm, no claw piece. There are two main veins in leather piece, R veins and M veins.There are two closed cells in diaphragm base,and two longitudinal veins extend from chamber end.The forewing veins of Nabidae are very complex. Forewing is divided into leather pieces, claw pieces and the diaphragm.Leather pieces and claws pieces have no obvious veins.There are multiple crossveins between two longitudinal veins of diaphragm near the hip area forming a plurality of closed cells.From the base of the diaphragm has many longitudinal veins, each with 4-5 accessory veins.The forewing veins of Lygaeidae are simple.Forewing is divided into leather pieces, claw pieces and the diaphragm.Leather pieces and claws pieces have no obvious veins.Diaphragm has 4-5 longitudinal veins.The forewing veins of Pyrrhocoridae are very complex.Forewing only has leather piece and the diaphragm, no claw piece.There are two main veins in leather piece, R veins and M veins.Diaphragm has 2-3 cells, each cell has 3-4 longitudinal veins,and each longitudinal vein extend another 4-5 accessory veins.
KEY WORDS:Hemiptera;veins;Morphology;comparison
目 录
摘要 Abstract
1 前言 .................................................... 1 1.1 半翅目昆虫国内分布情况 ................................ 1 1.2 半翅目昆虫的研究现状 .................................. 1 1.2.1 半翅目昆虫的经济意义 ................................ 1 1.2.2 半翅目昆虫的形态特征 ................................ 2 1.3 国内外研究进展 ........................................ 3 1.4 实验的意义 ............................................ 4 2 材料与方法 .............................................. 4 2.1 材料 .................................................. 4 2.1.1 供研究的昆虫 ........................................ 4 2.1.2 实验仪器及实验用品 .................................. 5 2.2 方法 .................................................. 5 2.2.1 挑选昆虫标本 ........................................ 5 2.2.2 对各虫体进行处理 .................................... 5 2.2.3 测量并记载数据 ...................................... 6 2.2.4 对比观察 ............................................ 6 3 结果与分析 .............................................. 6 3.1 不同种属间昆虫前翅翅脉的不同 .......................... 7 3.1.1 蝽科昆虫前翅翅脉的不同 .............................. 7 3.1.2 缘蝽科昆虫前翅翅脉的不同 ........................... 10 3.1.3 长蝽科昆虫前翅翅脉的特点 ........................... 11 3.1.4 姬蝽科昆虫前翅翅脉的特点 ........................... 12 3.1.5 红蝽科昆虫前翅翅脉的特点 ........................... 12 3.1.6 荔蝽科昆虫前翅翅脉的特点 ........................... 13 3.1.7 黾蝽科昆虫前翅翅脉的特点 ........................... 13 3.1.8 猎蝽科昆虫前翅翅脉的特点 ........................... 14