毕 业 设 计（论 文）
题目：PLC自动门控制系统的设计
姓 名： 吕涛涛 专 业： 电子信息工程技术 学 号： G20110206 指导教师： 冯玲
安徽汽车职业技术学院
PLC自动门控制系统
摘要
自动门在人们的日常生活中已经得到了广泛的应用，同时人们对其性能和安全等方面的要求也越来越高。由于PLC的高稳定性和对环境较强的适应能力，使得PLC在自动门控制装置中的应用也日益广泛。
本文围绕自动门控制系统展开研究。首先分析了国内外自动门发展的趋势和所采用的技术，然后对PLC系统作了简要说明。并按照自动门控制装置的要求，设计了相应的梯形图文件，实现了自动门由检测到开启、计时等待、关闭的全过程。
本设计主要的工作原理是通过信号采集装置判定有无人经过并将信号转换成开关量信号传到PLC，PLC根据开关信号来控制变频器的开停和速度的变换，在由传动装置带动门运动
随着PLC不断的更新，PLC控制已成为自动控制中最常见的方式之一，由于可编程控制器可以很简单的改变控制方式。并且，PLC具有较高的稳定性、可靠性、维修方便等优点。还具有良好的处理自动门开关控制及良好的稳定性，因此，此设计以PLC为基础，以传感器为感应装置，电动机为动力单元，从而达到设计的要求。
关键词： PLC可编程控制器 自动门 传感器 设计原理 工作原理
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安徽汽车职业技术学院
PLC automatic door control system
Abstract
Automatic doors have been widely used in the people's daily lives, while about its performance, and security requirements and getting higher. Due to the high stability of the PLC and strong ability to adapt to the environment, makes the application of PLC in auto-door control unit is also increasingly widespread.
This paper stresses the study on auto-door control system. Development trend of the first analysis of the automatic doors at home and abroad and the technologies used, and then provided a brief description of the PLC system. And in accordance with the requirements of automatic door control device, was designed for ladder diagram files, enabling automatic door opening, detected by timed wait, shut down the whole process.
This design works mainly through the signal acquisition device judgment after and converts the signal switches quantity signal, no upload PLC,PLC the switching signal to control the start stop and speed of the transformation of a frequency converter, driven by gear door movement.
With the continuous update of PLC, PLC automatic control of control has become one of the most common way, because changing the control mode of the programmable controller can be as simple. And PLC has a high stability, reliability, easy maintenance and so on. Automatic door control also has a good deal and good stability, therefore, this design based on the PLC, sensors to sensors, motor-powered units, so as to meet the design requirements
Keywords: PLC programmable controller Automatic door The sensor The principle of design The Working principle
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安徽汽车职业技术学院
目录
PLC自动门控制系统 ········································································································ 1 摘要 ·································································································································· 1
Abstract ············································································································································ 2 前言 ················································································································································· 5 第一章 自动门的概述 ····················································································································· 6
1.1 自动门简介 ······················································································································ 6 1.2 自动门的国内外发展现状 ································································································ 6 1.3本课题研究的内容 ············································································································ 7
1.3.1自动门类型的选择 ································································································· 7 1.3.2 自动门硬件系统的设计 ························································································ 7 1.3.3 自动门的软件设计 ································································································ 8 1.4本课题研究的背景和意义 ································································································· 8 第二章 PLC的概述 ······················································································································· 10
2.1 PLC的定义 ····················································································································· 10 2.2 PLC的产生背景 ·············································································································· 10 2.3 PLC控制系统简介 ·········································································································· 12 2.4 PLC的基本结构及原理 ··································································································· 12 2.5 PLC的特点 ····················································································································· 12 2.6 PLC的选型原则 ············································································································ 13 第三章 自动门控制系统的整体方案 ·························································································· 15
3.1设计流程 ························································································································· 15 3.2自动门的功能需求分析 ·································································································· 15 3.3自动门的控制要求 ·········································································································· 15 3.4自动门技术参数 ··············································································································· 16 3.5自动门具体构成 ·············································································································· 16 第四章 硬件设计 ························································································································ 18
4.1 可编程控制器的选型 ··································································································· 18 4.2驱动装置的选型 ·············································································································· 18 4.3感应器件的选型 ·············································································································· 18 4.4 行程开关(限位开关)的工作原理 ·················································································· 19 4.5 传动装置 ························································································································ 19 第五章 自动门控制系统软件的设计 ···························································································· 20
5.1 PLC梯形图概述 ············································································································ 20 5.2自动门工作流程如下： ··································································································· 20 5.3自动门控制系统原理图 ··································································································· 21 5.4工作过程的分析 ·············································································································· 22 5.5梯形图的设计 ··················································································································· 23 自动门I/O地址分配表 ········································································································· 23 5.6 过程分析 ································································································································ 23
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安徽汽车职业技术学院
总结 ··············································································································································· 25 谢辞 ··············································································································································· 26
参考文献 ························································································································ 27
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