must 与 have to 的区别
情态动词must和have to都有“必须”的含义,它们的用法如下:
(一)、 must “必须”、“应该”的用法:1.must 表示“必须”、“应该”。例如: ①We must protect our environment.(我们必须保护环境。) ②Everyone must obey the rule.(人人必须遵守制度。)
2. must的否定形式must not表示“不应该”、“禁止”、“不准”。语气比较强烈。例如: ①You mustn’t speak like that.(你不应该像那样讲话。) ②You mustn’t be late for school.(你不应该上学迟到。)
3.在回答must的问句时,肯定形式用must来回答,但否定形式用needn’t 或don’t have to来回答。而不用mustn’t来回答。例如:
①——Must I be home before 8 o’clock?(8点之前我必须回家吗?) ——Yes, you must. No, you needn’t./No, you don’t have to. (是,你必须。) (不,你不必。) (二)、have to 表示“必须”、“不得不”,例如:
①He has to stay in bed for 3 or 4 days.(他必须卧床休息三四天。) ②We will have to get up early tomorrow.(明天我们必须早起。) 补充:have got to是 have to的口语形式。例如: ①I’ve got to leave for Nanjing.(我不得不去南京。) *Must与 have to的区别:
must表示的是说话人的主观看法,而have to则表示的是客观需要。Must一般只有现在时,而have to有更多的形式。
①I must go now.(主观看法)
② My mother is ill, so I have to go now.(客观需要)
*Have to与 have got to的区别:
have got to虽然是have to的口语形式,但二者在用法上有严格的区别: have to的前面还可以用情态动词或助动词,而have got to却不可以; have to的否定形式为don’t/doesn’t /didn’t +have to,疑问式为Do/Does/Did + 主语 + have to…?而 have got to的否定形式是在have后加 not,疑问式把have提前。例如:
①We don’t have to go home. ①Do you have to go home? ②We haven’t got to go home. ②Have you got to go home?
专项练习1
1.----Must I do it now? -----No, you _______.
A. needn’t B. don’t have to C. mustn’t D. A or B 2.It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack ______be here at any time. A. must B. need C should D can.
3.------When can I come for these photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. -------They ____be ready by 12:00. A. can B. should C. might D. need
4.They ___ do well in the exam.
A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to