Chapter 1 Fundamentals of Cutting
Abstract
1.1 Basic definition1.2 material of the cutting tool
Absract
Two parts concerning the fundamental of metal cutting process are involved in this chapter
1 Basic definition——including basic concepts in cutting process,such as cutting motions,parameters, reference frame,marked angles, cutting layer parameters
2 cutting tool material——including the necessary performance of cutting tool material(hardness, wear
resistance,strength,toughness, hot hardness…), two kinds of normal material for cutting tool(HSS and carbide alloy) and the other material(coating,ceramics diamond and cubic boron Nitride)
1.1 Basic definition
1.1.1 cutting motion and parameters
1.1.2 basic definition of the cutting region
1.1.3 exchange of the cutting angles
1.1.4 work angles of the cutting tool1.1.5 cutting layer parameters and mode
1.1.1 cutting motions and parametersFor example,in turning,the workpiece rotates,the cutting tool moves longitudinally, the mixture of the two motions forms the external cylindrical surface.There are three surfaces created in turn during the new surface is forming（Figure1.1）：Surface to be machined：means the surface in which the material is to be removedMachining surface：means the surface is being machined by the cutting edgeMachined surface：means the surface in which the material has been removedFig 1.1cutting motions in turning1.1.1.1 cutting motionThe basic motion for a machine tool includes linear motion and rotational motion. If classified according to the functions of the cutting tool in relation with the workpiece, they are called the main motion and the feed motion,shown as Fig.1.1（1）the main motionthe main motion required to remove the metal. Usually it has the biggest velocity, and consumes most of the power（2）the feed motionIt brings the new metal into cutting constantly. It can be continuous or interrupted.