(B) 推断题。作者通过朋友解决问题的方法，告诉我们要考虑他人的感受，尽量避免伤害别人的感情。 Passage Two
Years ago before there were refrigerators, an icehouse was a building used for storing ice. The first icehouses were in the cellars of farmhouses. Pieces of ice, mixed with snow and meadow grass, were piled in winter and kept until the following summer. Soon farmers began to build separate houses for storing ice. These icehouses had double walls with hay stuffed between to keep out any heat. Blocks of ice were put inside the icehouse and packed with straw or sawdust.
Where did the ice for these icehouses come from? Workers took it from a frozen pond or river. They sawed the ice into even blocks. Then they pulled the ice blocks from the water with hooks and carried them to the icehouses on sleds. Special tools helped the workers cut and handle the ice. Ice axes chopped large holes in the ice. Ice saws cut the ice into even blocks. Choppers loosened these blocks from one another. Ice hooks fastened themselves into the large blocks. Then they could be carried over the frozen surface of the pond or river. Tongs were used to pick up the smaller blocks of ice.
Ships carried ice all over the world. In 1799 the first boatload in the United States was sent from New York City to icehouses in New Orleans, Louisiana. A boatload was sent from Boston, Massachusetts, to the West Indies to help fight yellow fever in 1805. Ice merchants in Boston also shipped tons of ice from ponds and rivers to cities in Europe.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a step for farmers to store ice in icehouses?
(C) 细节题。根据文中的These icehouses had double walls with hay stuffed between to keep out any heat得知，干草是放在双层墙壁间，而不是和冰一起放在房子中。 20. Which of the following is the correct order in which workers cut and handle ice? (D) 综合分析题Ice axes chopped large holes in the ice. Ice saws cut the ice into even blocks. Choppers loosened these blocks from one another. Ice hooks fastened themselves into the large blocks. Then they could be carried over the frozen surface of
the pond or river. Tongs were used to pick up the smaller blocks of ice, 判断大难是D。
21. What is the passage mainly about?
(A) 主旨题。根据对全文的理解，文章主要谈论的是冰的储藏。 Passage Three
Life in the twentieth century must demand preparations. Today, all individuals in a country must have adequate schooling to prepare them for their work as well as for their responsibilities as citizens. With this faith in mind, national leaders everywhere are placing more emphasis on the education of the young.
In the United States, government officials, parents, and teachers are working hard to give the children -- tomorrow's decision-makers -- best preparation available.
There is no national school policy in the United States. Each of the fifty states makes its own rules and regulations for its schools, but there are many similarities among the fifty school systems. Public schools in all states are supported by taxes paid by the citizens of the individual state. In most states the children are required to attend school until they reach the age of sixteen.
When they become six years old, children begin elementary school. After six years in elementary, they go into junior high school and remain there for three years. The last three years of their public school education are spent in senior high school from which they graduate at the age of eighteen.
A great number of high school graduates continue their education in one of the many colleges or universities in the country. After four years, they receive a bachelor's degree. Some continue studying for a master's degree and perhaps a doctor's degree. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 22. What is the main topic of the talk?
(A) 主旨题。谈话一开始就谈论了教育的重要性以及人们都重视教育；然后谈论了美国的教育政策；最后简单扼要地谈到了上小学一直到拿博士学位的时间和年限。很清楚，本谈话主题是关于美国的学校教育问题的。 23. What do we learn about the school policies in the United States?
(B) 细节题。文章提到Each of the fifty states makes its own rules and regulations for its schools。
24. Where do public schools get their financial aid?
(B) 细节题。文章说，Public schools in all states are supported by taxes paid by the citizens of the individual state，即公立学校的费用由各个州纳税人所缴纳的税来支付。
25. At what age do most students get their first degree?
(C) 细节题。文章说学生们十八岁高中毕业后经过四年的学习，也就是在他们二十二岁时就拿到了学士学位，即他们的第一个学位。 Section C
There are something like eleven million meetings taking place in the United States every day of the working week, it has been (26) estimated. Meetings must be a very important (27) aspect of modem life. The (28) reason is that people meeting together often come up with better ideas and (29) decisions than one person working alone. It gives the members a chance to (30) present their idea; and have them (31) challenged and changed by (32) argument and discussion. This, it is hoped, (33) leads to a better use of time and money.
(34) The chairperson, sometimes referred to merely as \Chair\is there to keep the discussion in order. The chairperson can prevent real conflicts breaking out in discussion and stop arguments from becoming clashes of different personalities. (35) Furthermore, the chairperson helps to guide and stimulate the discussion and summarize it in the end before decisions are taken. By acting as a mediator between the various opinions that are presented during a meeting, the chairperson can direct the discussions to a reasonable conclusion.
Few people who act as chairperson to a meeting have any training in the process of occupying the chair. This accounts for why so many meetings are a complete waste of everybody's time. It is very easy to make fun of someone else's suggestions, (36) especially if you are trying to improve your own status or have another idea which you want to put forward instead. However, it is up to the chairperson to see that people get a fair chance to promote their ideas and stop anyone using the meeting to demolish and demean other people.