济南大学泉城学院
毕 业 设 计
题 目 基于单片机的视力保护器设计 学 院 工学院 专 业 电气工程及其自动化 班 级 1302班 学 生 张越 学 号 2013010709 指导教师 张兴达 魏志轩
二〇一七年五月十六日
济南大学泉城学院毕业设计
摘 要
最近几年来，青少年近视出现低龄化趋向。青少年视力下降主要受以下几个因素的影响：眼睛距书本过近、长时间用眼、过度使用视屏终端、学习时光线太强或太弱等。其中光线强弱不适和长时间用眼又是造成青少年视力损伤的重中之重。
本文以STC89C52单片机为中心，围绕其进行硬件电路设计和软件程序设计。硬件电路有：报警提示电路、超声波测距电路、光线检测电路、定时电路和显示电路。软件程序的编写以C语言为主以及利用单片机内部自带的定时器实现具体的功能。本文给出了系统主要的硬件电路、软件程序流程图、程序设计及部分子程序的流程图、程序设计，并制作了仿真实物，能够达到预期效果。本文提出了尚需解决的问题，并给出了解决方法，介绍了视力保护器的应用和市场前景，为进一步开发应用提供了技术支持。
关键词：单片机；传感器；视力保护
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济南大学泉城学院毕业设计
ABSTRACT
In recent years, juvenile myopia younger age trend. Juvenile visual decline mainly by the following factors: the eyes from the book too close, long time with the eye, excessive use of the screen terminal, with the eyes when the light is too strong or too weak. Which light intensity and discomfort and long time with the eye is caused by the importance of adolescents with visual impairment.
In this paper, STC89C52 microcontroller as the center, around its hardware circuit design and software program design. Hardware circuits are: sound and light alarm circuit, ultrasonic distance measurement circuit, light induction circuit, timing circuit and display circuit. The preparation of software programs to C Programming Language and the use of single-chip internal built-in timer to achieve specific functions. This paper gives the main hardware circuit, software program flow chart, program design and some subroutine flow chart, program design, and produced a simulation of the kind, to achieve the desired results. In this paper, the problems that need to be solved are put forward, and the solutions are given. The application and market prospect of vision protection are introduced, which provides technical support for further development and application.
Key words：microcontroller technology；sensor；protection of eyesights
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济南大学泉城学院毕业设计
目 录
摘 要 ................................................................................................................................ I ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................... II 1 前言 ................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 选题背景与意义 ..................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ..................................................................................................... 1
1.2.1 国内研究现状 ............................................................................................... 1 1.2.2 国外研究现状 ............................................................................................... 2 1.3 设计要求 ................................................................................................................. 2 2 系统方案选择 ................................................................................................................... 3
2.1 系统总体设计 ......................................................................................................... 3 2.2 系统硬件方案设计 ................................................................................................. 3 2.3 系统软件方案设计 ................................................................................................. 5 3 系统硬件设计 ................................................................................................................... 7
3.1 主控制模块 ............................................................................................................. 7
3.1.1 晶振电路 ....................................................................................................... 7 3.1.2 复位电路 ....................................................................................................... 8 3.2 超声波检测电路 ..................................................................................................... 9
3.2.1 超声波发射电路 ........................................................................................... 9 3.2.2 超声波接收电路 ......................................................................................... 10 3.3 光线检测电路 ....................................................................................................... 10 3.4 显示电路 ............................................................................................................... 11 3.5 声光报警提示电路 ............................................................................................... 12 3.6 按键电路 ............................................................................................................... 13 3.7 定时电路 ............................................................................................................... 13 4 系统软件设计 ................................................................................................................. 15
4.1 Keil μVision4软件平台 ......................................................................................... 15 4.2 主程序设计 ........................................................................................................... 15 4.3 子程序设计 ........................................................................................................... 16
4.3.1 光照检测子程序 ......................................................................................... 16 4.3.2 超声波测距子程序 ..................................................................................... 17 4.3.3 定时子程序 ................................................................................................. 18 4.3.4 中断子程序 ................................................................................................. 20
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济南大学泉城学院毕业设计
5 系统仿真与调试 ............................................................................................................. 23
5.1 系统仿真 ............................................................................................................... 23 5.2 PCB设计 ................................................................................................................ 23 5.3 系统电路实现 ....................................................................................................... 25 5.4 系统调试 ............................................................................................................... 25 6 结 论 ......................................................................................................................... 29 参 考 文 献 ....................................................................................................................... 30 致 谢 ............................................................................................................................. 31 附录A 电气原理图 ........................................................................................................... 32 附录B 电路PCB图 .......................................................................................................... 33 附录C 实物图 ................................................................................................................... 34 附录D 元件清单 ............................................................................................................... 35 附录E 系统源程序 ............................................................................................................ 36
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