A. will returnB. must returnC. could returnD. would have returned
(【答案】D)(2004年4月45题)
例(2)I would ask George to lend us the money if I ____ him.
A. had knownB. have knownC. knewD. know
(【答案】C)(1995年38题)
例(3)If Bob____ with us; he would have had a good time.
A. would comeB. would have come
C. had comeD. came
(【答案】C)(1995年59题)
二、省略if的虚拟形式
在虚拟条件句中,如谓语包含were,had,should等词,则可以把这些词放到主语前面,省略if。
例(1) ____ the advice of his friends, he would not have suffered such a heavy loss in his business.
A. If he tookB. If he should take
C. Were he to takeD. Had he taken
(【答案】D)(2004年4月32题)
例(2) ____ , I should ask them some questions.
A. Should they come to usB. If they come to us
C. Were they come to usD. Had they come to us
(【答案】A)(1997年30题)
例(3)____ ____ you were busy, I wouldn't have bothered you with my questions.
A. If I realizedB. Had I realized
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C. Did I have realized thatD. As I realized
(【答案】B)(1996年39题)
三、含蓄条件句
有时一个假设的情况不用条件从句表示,而用其它方式来表示,这样的句子叫含蓄条件句。常用with,without,but for。
例(1)Without heat and sunlight, plants on the earth ____ well.
A. would not growB. will not grow
C. had not grownD. would not be grown
(【答案】A)(2004年11月32题)
例(2)But for my classmates' help, I ____ the work in time.
A. did not finishB. could not finish
C. will not finishD. would not have finished
(【答案】D)(2004年4月36题)
例(3)But for the rain, we ____ a nice holiday.
A. should haveB. would have had
C. would haveD. will have had
(【答案】B)(2003年4月28题)
四、特殊词或结构中的虚拟语气： ① 以wish(that)引导的表示“愿望”的宾语从句
wish后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气,而在虚拟语气中时态的应用类似在非真实条件中从句时态的应用。表示现在或将来的愿望用：主语＋wish ＋从句(主语＋过去时)；表示一个过去没有实现的愿望用：主语＋wish +从句(主语＋过去完成时)；
例(1)I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I ____ there.
A. wereB. would beC. had beenD. will be
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(【答案】C)(2001年53题)
例(2)Peter wishes that he ____ law instead of literature when he was in college.
A. could studyB. studiedC. had studiedD. would study
(【答案】C)(2000年53题) ② if only +句子(过去时/过去完成时)“要是…就好了”
If only 后面的句子如果是对现在或将来情况的虚拟,用过去时did ；如果是对过去情况的虚拟,用过去完成时had done . 要注意与if 区别,if 只表示假设,“如果”,用真实语气；而if only 表示不可能实现的情况,用虚拟语气。
例如：If only the alarm clock had rung. 当时闹钟响就好了。(对过去虚拟)
If only I were rich. 要是我富有就好了。(对现在虚拟) ③ would rather＋句子(过去时)
表示宁愿、宁可的意愿,语气比较婉转。后接过去式。
例(1)I am too busy these days. I would rather all of you ____ next month for a dinner.
A. comeB. would come
C. came D. have come
(【答案】C)(2002年46题)
例(2)I’d ____ you didn’t touch that, if you don’t mind.
A. rather B. better C. happier D. further
(【答案】A)(1998年45题) ④ it is time(that),it is high time (that)…句型中,谓语动词用过去时,表示早该做而未做的事,意思是该……了、早该……了.
例(1)Let's finish our homework in a few seconds; it's time we ____ _.
A. played footballB. will play football
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C. play footballD. are playing football
(【答案】A)(2004年11月43题)
例(2)Don’t you think it is time you ____ smoking?
A. give upB. gave upC. would give upD. should give up
(【答案】B)(1999年31题) ⑤ 以as if,as though引导的从句
在as if,as though引导的从句中,如果谈论的是不可能或不真实的情况时,它们所引用的状语从句要用虚拟语气,动词形式和wish后面的从句动词形式变化相同。
例：He talks as if he ____ everything in the world.
A. knowsB. knew C. had known D. would have known
(【答案】B。本句表示说话人对现在的情况有所怀疑,所以用过去时。)
五、should+动词原形及should的省略
(1)、一些表示建议、要求、命令等的动词本身隐含说话者主观的意见。因此这些动词(或其变形,如名词,形容词,分词等)后面的从句应使用虚拟语气,即“should do”结构,其中的“should”常被省略。如：
表“提议、建议”的动词：suggest ,advise, propose, recommend, move(提议);
表“要求、主张”的动词：insist, require, request, demand , desire ;
表“命令”的动词：order, command.
例(1)I don’t think it advisable that Tom ____ to the job since he has no experience.
A. be assigned B. is assigned C. will be assigned D. has been assigned
(【答案】A)(2006年11月29题)
例(3)The doctor advised that Mr. Malan ____ an operation right away so as to save his life.
A. had B. would have C. have D. was going to have
(【答案】C)(1998年28题)
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此处省略了should.
(2)、It is necessary/important/essential/ vital/urgent / surprising/ amazing that引导的主语从句中,从句的谓语动词要用should+原形动词,should也可以省略。此类形容词的特点是表示重要性或吃惊。
例(1)it is vital that enough money_____collected to get the project started.
A. is B. be C must be D can be
(【答案】B)(2004年11月24题)
例(2)It’s urgent that a meeting ____ before the final decision is made.
A. will be arrangedB. must be arranged
C. be arranged D. would be arranged
(【答案】C)(2003年4月45题)
(3)、以in case, lest, for fear that引起的状语从句,表示“以防,以免”。其形式为should+动词原形。如：
He took his raincoat with him in case it should rain.
他把雨衣带在身上以防下雨。
1.3配套练习
1. You didn’t let me drive. If we ____ in turn, you_ ____ so tired.
A. drove; didn’t B. drove; wouldn’t get
C. were driving; wouldn’t get D. had driven; wouldn’t have got
2. ____ , we could not have finished the work on time.
A. If they do not help us B. Was it not for their help
C. Should they offer to help us D. But for their help
3. ____ today, he would get there by Friday.
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