天津市大学软件学院
毕业设计
超市收银系统自动化测试的设计与实现
——设置和维护模块
姓 名 xxx 专 业 软件工程 学 号 xxx 学 籍 校 天津理工大学 学校指导教师 xxx 教授 企业指导教师 xxx 工程师
2014年6月
摘 要
随着IT技术和电子商务的的迅猛发展，人们的生活方式正发生着巨大的变化。特别是软件在超市管理中的应用，为了提高商品的管理水平和工作效率，尽可能杜绝商品流通中各环节中可能出现的资金流失不明现象，商品进销存领域迫切需要引进信息系统来加以管理，而超市收银系统是当前应用于超市中的典型代表。因此，对超市收银系统进行一定的测试也越来越重要。
百事佳超市收银软件是一套专为中小超市、专卖店设计的收银管理软件，广泛应用于中小超市、百货商店等行业的中小型店面店铺。该系统具有完善的进、销（收银）、存、会员、简单的财务管理、各种统计分析等功能。
本文从测试的基本概念入手，根据测试的基本技术和方法，对超市收银系统中设置和维护模块，包括系统设置，基础资料，用户和权限，销售和销售方案，数据维护等内容进行得功能测试，主要运用了黑盒测试方法设计测试用例，使用自动化测试工具QTP开发测试脚本，脚本的开发过程中运用了参数化、插入检查点等方法。通过对该模块的测试，能够使系统更加完善。
关键词：软件测试；功能测试；QTP；收银系统
ABSTRACT
With the rapid development of IT technology and e-commerce , people's lifestyles are undergoing tremendous changes. Especially in supermarket management software applications in order to improve the management level and efficiency of goods, as far as possible to prevent the circulation of commodities in various aspects of capital loss that may arise unknown phenomena , Invoicing field is an urgent need to introduce information systems to be managed , while the supermarket cash register system is currently applied in the typical supermarket . Therefore, a certain supermarket cash register system testing has become increasingly important.
Pepsi is a good supermarket cash register software designed for the small supermarket , store design cash register management software widely used in small supermarket ( department ) and other sectors of small and medium -store shops. The system has improved the import and sale ( cash register ) , deposit , membership , simple financial management, statistical analysis and other functions.
In this paper, starting from the basic concepts of the test , according to the basic techniques and methods of testing for the supermarket cash register system setup and maintenance modules, including system settings, basic data , users and permissions , sales and marketing programs , data maintenance and other content have functional tests , the main use of black box testing methods designed to test cases, the use of automated testing tools QTP test script development , script development process using a parameterized insert checkpoints and other methods. By testing the modules , enabling a more perfect system .
Keywords：Software testing; functional testing; QTP; cash register system
目 录
前言 ........................................................................................................................... 1 第一章 绪论 ........................................................................................................... 3
1.1 选题背景 .......................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 实践意义 .......................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 国内外研究现状与发展趋势 .......................................................................................... 3
第二章 相关技术和工具介绍 ............................................................................... 5
2.1 测试技术及方法 .............................................................................................................. 5
2.1.1 黑盒测试 ............................................................................................................... 5 2.1.2 自动化测试 ........................................................................................................... 5 2.1.3 等价类划分法 ....................................................................................................... 5 2.1.4 边界值分析法 ....................................................................................................... 6 2.2 QTP自动化测试应用技术 .............................................................................................. 6
2.2.1 QTP自动化测试简介 ........................................................................................... 6 2.2.2 QTP进行功能测试的测试步骤 ........................................................................... 6
第三章 超市收银系统的系统分析 ....................................................................... 8
3.1 超市收银系统的业务需求 .............................................................................................. 8 3.2 设置及维护模块的功能需求 .......................................................................................... 8
3.2.1 系统设置 ............................................................................................................... 8 3.2.2 基础资料 ............................................................................................................... 8 3.2.3 用户和权限 ........................................................................................................... 9 3.2.4 销售和售价方案 ................................................................................................. 10 3.2.5 数据库维护 ......................................................................................................... 11 3.3 设置及维护模块的性能需求 ........................................................................................ 11
第四章 测试设计 ................................................................................................. 12
4.1 测试计划 ........................................................................................................................ 12
4.1.1 测试目标 ............................................................................................................. 12 4.1.2 测试环境 ............................................................................................................. 12 4.1.3 测试范围 ............................................................................................................. 12 4.2 测试用例 ........................................................................................................................ 14
第五章 创建与调试测试脚本 ............................................................................. 22
5.1 创建测试脚本 ................................................................................................................ 22
5.1.1 登录功能 ............................................................................................................. 22 5.1.2 系统设置功能 ..................................................................................................... 24 5.1.3 基础资料功能 ..................................................................................................... 25 5.1.4 用户权限功能 ..................................................................................................... 27 5.1.5 用户权限功能 ..................................................................................................... 29 5.1.6 数据库维护功能 ................................................................................................. 30 5.2 调试测试脚本 ................................................................................................................ 31
第六章 测试结果分析 ......................................................................................... 35
6.1 测试报告 ........................................................................................................................ 35 6.2 缺陷记录 ........................................................................................................................ 36
结束语 ..................................................................................................................... 38 参考文献 ................................................................................................................. 39 附录 ......................................................................................................................... 40 I英文原文 ............................................................................................................... 40 II中文译文 ............................................................................................................. 45 致 谢 ................................................................................................................. 49