浙 江 * * 学 院
毕业设计（论文）
题目：发酵法年产5万吨乙醇的工艺设计
姓 名 : 系 别、 专 业 : 导 师 姓 名、职 称 :
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发酵法年产5万吨乙醇的工艺设计
[摘 要]：乙醇的生产过程包括原料除杂，粉碎，液化，糖化，除菌，发酵，精馏这几个主要的过程。本设计简述了从木薯原料预
处理、液化、酶糖化到发酵生产后处理整个发酵乙醇生产工艺流程，主要完成了发酵段，精馏段的计算及附属设备的选型。
[关键词]：乙醇 ；发酵；精馏
Technological Design of 50,000 tons by fermentation of
ethanol Every Year.
[Abstract]:
Ethanol production process includs these major processes: raw material impurity, grinding, liquefied, saccharification, sterilization, fermentation, distillation. The design brief pretreatment of raw materials from cassava, liquefaction,
saccharification enzyme fermentation production to post-processing the entire production process,and the major assignments are calculated fermentation, distillation section and selecting of pumps and storage tanks.
[Keywords]: Ethanol ;Fermentation; Distillation
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目 录
摘 要 ........................................................................................................... II ABSTRACT ............................................................................................... III 1 概述 .......................................................................................................... 1 1.1乙醇的性质及质量标准 ........................................................................ 1 1.1.1物理性质 ......................................................................................... 1 1.1.2化学性质 ......................................................................................... 1 1.1.3生化性 ............................................................................................. 1 1.1.4质量标准 ......................................................................................... 1 1.2乙醇生产的意义及发展史..................................................................... 2 1.2.1乙醇生产的意义 .............................................................................. 2 1.2.2乙醇生产的发展 .............................................................................. 2 1.3乙醇的应用领域 ................................................................................... 3 1.4主要生产工艺 ....................................................................................... 3 1.4.1合成法 ............................................................................................. 3 1.4.2发酵法 ............................................................................................. 4 2 建厂可行性分析 ...................................................................................... 8 2.1 需求和拟建规模 ................................................................................... 8 2.1.1原料简介 ......................................................................................... 8 2.1.2木薯原料的优势 .............................................................................. 8 2.1.3乙醇市场分析.................................................................................. 8 2.2主要建设条件 ....................................................................................... 8 2.3 环境保护及废物处理 ........................................................................... 8 2.4 企业组织管理....................................................................................... 8 2.5 资金筹措方式....................................................................................... 9 3 乙醇发酵工艺 ........................................................................................ 10 3.1木薯的处理 ......................................................................................... 10 3.1.1原料除杂 ....................................................................................... 10 3.1.2原料粉碎 ....................................................................................... 10 3.1.3原料输送 ....................................................................................... 11 3.2液化和糖化 ......................................................................................... 11 3.2.1液化............................................................................................... 11 3.2.2糖化............................................................................................... 12 3.3乙醇发酵............................................................................................. 12 3.3.1乙醇发酵常用的微生物................................................................. 12 3.3.2酵母生长条件................................................................................ 13 3.3.3酵母的培养工艺 ............................................................................ 14
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3.3.4发酵乙醇的机理 ............................................................................ 15 3.3.5乙醇发酵工艺................................................................................ 15 3.3.6乙醇发酵的成熟指标 .................................................................... 15 3.4空气除菌与设备 ................................................................................ 16
4 物料衡算 ................................................................................................ 18 4.1原料消耗的计算 ................................................................................. 18 4.1.1每吨95%乙醇木薯干的消耗量 ..................................................... 18 4.1.2每吨95%乙醇α-淀粉酶的消耗量 ................................................. 18 4.1.3每吨95%乙醇糖化酶的消耗量 ..................................................... 18 4.2醪液量的计算 ..................................................................................... 19 4.3发酵过程的计算 ................................................................................. 20 4.3.1发酵罐的计算................................................................................ 20 4.3.2发酵热的计算................................................................................ 21 4.3.3成熟醪发酵液中乙醇含量 ............................................................. 22 4.4 产品精制 ............................................................................................ 22 4.4.1 计算机模拟结果 ........................................................................... 23 4.4.2塔高与塔径 ................................................................................... 24 4.4.3塔(T-2)塔板主要工艺尺寸 ............................................................. 29 4.4.3.1 溢流装置的计算 ........................................................................ 29 4.4.3.2 塔板分块 ................................................................................... 31 4.4.3.3 筛板计算 ................................................................................... 31 4.4.3.4 筛板的流体力学验算................................................................. 31 4.4.4 塔板负荷性能图的计算 ................................................................ 32 4.5换热器选型 ......................................................................................... 36 4.5.1塔（T-1）塔顶冷凝器（E-1） ...................................................... 36 4.5.2塔（T-2）塔顶冷凝器（E-2） ...................................................... 36 4.6储罐选型............................................................................................. 37 4.6.1储罐(V-1)....................................................................................... 37 4.6.2其它储罐选型................................................................................ 37 4.7泵的选型............................................................................................. 37 4.7.1泵(P-1)........................................................................................... 37 4.7.2其它泵的选型................................................................................ 38 4.8小结 .................................................................................................... 38 5 全厂总平面设计 .................................................................................... 40 5.1总平面设计任务及内容 ...................................................................... 40 5.1.1总平面设计任务 ............................................................................ 40 5.1.2工厂组织 ....................................................................................... 40 5.2总平面设计原则 ................................................................................. 40
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