Unit 5 Athletes
Section One Blank-filling
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word
for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Constantly being watched by the public can be hard to tolerate at times. I am sorry that Michael Jordan had to deal with the negative N he received about gambling. I don’t think most people can J what it’s like to be watched that B every minute of every day. I was told once that it wouldn’t be that bad for me because no one would know me outside of Utah, but that’s not true. Ever since I played on the Dream Team in the Olympics, I can’t go anywhere without being the G of attention, and that’s very K at times. For instance, there have been C when I’ve felt like buying a big Harley-Davidson motorcycle and riding it down the street. First, the Jazz would have a O and say it’s too dangerous. Second, everyone would be watching to see if I D a helmet, if I was obeying the speed limit, if I was taking turns safely ---- you F it. The first time I didn’t ___L___ up to expectations, I would hear, “What kind of example is that to set for other people who ride motorcycles?”
A) mention B) closely C) occasions D) wore E) fulfill F) name G) center H) cases I) intimately J) imagine K) confining L) measure M) advocate N) publicity O) fit
Section Two Translation from English into Chinese
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese.
I don't think we can accept all the glory and the money that comes with being a famous athlete and not accept the responsibility of being a role model, of knowing that kids and even some adults are watching us and looking for us to set an example. I mean, why do we get endorsements in the first place? Because there are people who will follow our lead and buy a certain sneaker or cereal because we use it.
I love being a role model, and I try to be a positive one. That doesn't mean I always succeed. I'm no saint. I make mistakes, and sometimes I do childish things. And I don't always wake up in a great, role-model mood. There are days when I don't want to pose for a picture with every fan I run into, when I don't feel like picking up babies and giving them hugs and kisses (no matter how cute they are), those are the days I just try to avoid the public. 我认为成了著名运动员后，我们不能只接受随之而来的荣誉和金钱，却拒绝承担作为榜样的责任。我们知道了孩子们、甚至一些大人正关注着我们，期望我们树立起一个榜样，就要为此承担责任。我的意思是，首先为什么我们能有机会做广告呢？因为有人会以我们为榜样去买某种运动鞋或某种麦片玉米片，因为我们在穿或吃这些东西。
我喜欢成为榜样，并努力去做个好榜样。但这并不是说我总是做得很好。我决非圣贤，我会犯错误，而且有时还会做一些非常幼稚的事情。我并非每天早上醒来都具备了做榜样的
好心情。有些日子，我并不想同每个遇见的球迷都摆姿势合影，不想抱起婴儿拥抱、亲吻（无论他们有多可爱）。处在这种时候，我就尽量避开公众。
Section Three Writing
Directions: For this part, you are required to write a composition on the topic Dangers in Sports.
You should write at least 150 words. You should base your essay on the outline below: 1) 运动可能带来的危险和伤害有哪些;
2) 应该怎样注意避免运动中的危险和伤害。
Sports are a great way for your kids to exercise and keep healthy, but taken to the extreme; the idea of winning at any cost can actually cost your child his or her life! Would you know if your daughter was so obsessed with exercise that she's actually destroying her bones, instead of making them stronger? Could you tell if your son has secretly used steroids? Today, participation in sports can actually lead to serious and hidden dangers that parents need to watch for. In girls, excessive athletic exercise and dieting can set them up for eating disorders and irreparable damage to their bones. In boys, the drive to be strong leads many young men to steroid addiction, with disastrous side effects ranging from personality disorders to liver and kidney failure. Join host Dr. Winnie King, three of the country's leading sports medicine experts - meet the young men and women who learned these lessons the hard way and meet a mother and father whose son lost his life for his sport.
Unit 6 Risks
Section One Blank-filling
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word
for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
We cannot begin to answer such questions until we have a feel for the level of risks in N . So how do we measure the level of a risk? Some people seem to think that the answer is a simple number. We know, for instance, that about 25, 000 people per year die in automobile accidents. By F , only about 300 die per year in mine accidents and __A__. Does that mean that riding in a car is much riskier than mining? Not C . The fact is that some 200 million Americans O ride in automobiles in the United States every year; perhaps 700, 000 are D in mining. The I figure that we need to assess a risk is a ratio or fraction. The K of the fraction tells us how many people were killed or harmed as the result of a particular activity over a certain period of time; the E tells us how many people were involved in that activity during that time. All risk levels are thus ratios or fractions, with H between 0 (no risk) and 1 (totally risky).
A) disasters B) relative C) necessarily D) involved E) denominator F) contrast G) results H) values I) relevant J) participated K) numerator L) contrary M) permanently N) question O) regularly Section Two Translation from English into Chinese
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese.
By reducing all risks to ratios or fractions of this sort, we can begin to compare different sorts of risks—like mining versus riding in a car. The larger this ratio, that is, the closer it is to 1, the riskier the activity in question. In the case just discussed, we would find the relative safety of car travel and coal mining by dividing the numbers of lives lost in each by the number of people participating in each. Here, it is clear that the riskiness of traveling by car is about 1 death per 10,000 passengers; with mining, the risk level is about 4 deaths per 10,000 miners. So although far more people are killed in car accidents than in mining, the latter turns out to be four times riskier than the former. Those ratios enable us to compare the risks of activities or situations as different as apples and oranges. If you are opposed to risks, you will want to choose your activities by focusing on the small-ratio exposures. If you are reckless, then you are not likely to be afraid of higher ratios unless they get uncomfortably large.
通过把所有危险都简化为这种比率或分数，我们便可以开始比较不同种类的危险，如比较采矿与乘坐汽车。这个比率越大，也就是说它越接近1，那么有关活动的危险性就越大。从刚才讨论的情况看，我们可以将每一活动中死亡的人数除以参与该活动的总人数找出汽车旅行与采煤的相对安全性。此处，我们可以很清楚地看到，乘坐汽车旅行的危险性是每一万
人中有一人丧生；而就采矿而言，其危险程度是每一万矿工中有四人死亡。所以，尽管在车祸中丧生的人远比采矿要多，其实后者的危险性是前者的四倍。这些比率使我们能够对毫不相同的活动或情形的危险性加以比较，即便差别如苹果与橘子那样大也能比较。如果你反对冒险，你就只会在所面临的危险性比率较小的活动内进行选择。如果你无所畏惧，那么你往往会对高比率的危险不太在乎，除非那些比率大得令人难以承受。 Section ThreeWriting
Directions: Your essay should be no less than 150 words. You are to write an essay on the topic “Proper Use of Mobile Phones”. You should base your essay on the outline below:
1) 手机在人们生活中起的作用； 2) 手机使用不当对生活造成的干扰； 3) 使用手机时需要注意的事项。
Mobile phones are the main invention of modern technology. If we look at our society, we can see that all kinds of people are using mobile phones. Maybe they have many advantages, but they also experience drawbacks.
The main advantage of mobile phones is that people can use them anytime and anywhere, so they can use it for an emergency. In addition, people can access the internet whenever they use the mobile phones, so business people can use them at work to get information from the internet more conveniently. Moreover, it is very easy to send messages to your friends. Mobile phones can make people keep intimacy in spite of long distance. Mobile phones are turning the world into a small village where we can communicate with each other easily and simply. Finally, another point in favour of mobile phones is that you can avoid disturbing anyone when he is sleeping or working because in that case people often turn off their mobile phones.
On the other hand, there are some drawbacks, too. Firstly, the most important disadvantage is the unknown effects on health in case of over-use. Scientists found that mobile phones can cause brain cancer. If you talk for so many hours, you are going to have headache and ear problems. Secondly, the mobile phone stimulates home for the high cost of communication. If you are in 3-membered family, you would spend a lot of money on mobile phone. Furthermore, the inappropriate use of mobile phones could be bothersome. For example, it is very inappropriate to hear a mobile phone ringing during a formal conversation, during a lesson, in a library or in a cinema. Finally, mobile phones waste people too much time. An American survey shows that teenagers spend an average of 2 hours sending messages every day.
In conclusion, there are some benefits and drawbacks to mobile phones. Personally, I don’t like mobile phones very much, but I need to use them. In my opinion, mobile phones are good only if you use them correctly and politely, as in this case, all technology is beneficial!
Unit 7 College Life
Section One Blank-filling
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word
for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Neusner believes that in college we are trained to think that “failure leaves no record” because we can O get away with mistakes easily. I have news for him. If you fail a test, you can’t take it again, or the teacher won’t F the grade even if he thinks you will hate him for the rest of your life. If you drop out of a class, next semester you will have to take more courses. If you get low grades, your __A__ of getting into a fine graduate school are almost none. If your grade-point average is not B high for a number of classes, you just don’t get your __M__. When midterms and finals come, no one can avoid C them. When the I gets tough, the tough have to get down to work because, D what Neusner believes, college does not give “painless” solutions to mistakes (paragraph 1). It is not “an altogether G world,” and by no means have teachers “pretended not to care” (paragraph 3) when J are not kept or when things aren’t done at the time they are supposed to be.
A) chances B) reasonably C) taking D) unlike E) probability F) erase G) forgiving H) promotion I) going J) deadlines K) thankfully L) tolerable M) degree N) occurrence O) supposedly
Section Two Translation from English into Chinese
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese.
With us you could argue about why your errors were not errors, why mediocre work really was excellent, why you could take pride in routine and slipshod presentation. Most of you, after all, can look back on honor grades for most of what you have done. So, here grades can have meant little in distinguishing the excellent from the ordinary. But tomorrow, in the world to which you go, you had better not defend errors but learn from them. You will be ill-advised to demand praise for what does not deserve it, and abuse those who do not give it.
For years we created an altogether forgiving world, in which whatever slight effort you gave was all that was demanded. When you did not keep appointments, we made new ones. When your work came in beyond the deadline, we pretended not to care.
你们会跟我们争辩，说服我们为什么你们的错误不是错误，为什么平庸的作品是优秀的，为什么你们会对普普通通并不出色的课堂报告感到骄傲。回想一下，毕竟你们中的大多数人在你们所学的大部分课程中都得了高分。因此，在这里分数并不能作为区分优秀学生与学业平平的学生的依据。但是，今后，在你们所要去的世界里，你们最好不要为自己的错误辩护，而应该从中吸取教训。假如你们要求得到你们不该得到的表扬，诋毁那些不给你们表扬的人，这是不明智的做法。
多年来，我们创造了一个完全宽容的世界，在这里，所要求于你们的仅仅是一点微不足