板桥凹陷地区油源对比研究
Research on the oil-source correlation in Banqiao Sag
摘 要
本文应用油气地球化学的基本原理，通过有机化学分析手段，系统分析了板桥凹陷烃源岩以及原油的地球化学特征，并且对烃源岩进行了系统评价，结合凹陷石油地质特征，对原油的族组分进行了划分，做了更加精细的油源对比。
首先利用了烃源岩显微组分特征和地球化学特征评价了该地区有机质丰度、类型、成熟度，提出了一系列适合该地区的有机岩石学评价标准，并划分了热演化阶段。分析了沙一段以及沙三段两套特征不同的烃源岩，其中以沙三段烃源岩为主，沙一下段次之。
其次利用原油的有机地球化学资料对原油的母质来源、沉积环境、成熟度等特征进行了系统分析。根据生物标志化合物特征，采用多种手段进行系统对比，结合碳同位素特征，将板桥凹陷原油划分为四个类别。
油源对比显示，沙三段为该区主力烃源岩，板桥凹陷大多数样品显示了混源油特征，也存在沙三型单源油。
关键词：板桥凹陷 油源对比 生物标志化合物 烃源岩评价
ABSTRACT
Based on fundamental principles of geochemistry and multiple analysis methods of organic petrology and geochemistry, the geochemical features of source rock in Banqiao sag are analyzed and discussed systematically. Combined with the petroleum geological features of the sag, the oil was categorized into several families, also fine oil-source correlation was made.
Based on maceral characteristics and organic geochemical characteristics, the organic matter abundance, organic type, organic maturity were evaluated, and a set of organic petrology evaluation standards suitable for this area were presented, furthermore, thermal evolution stages were also divided. According to comprehensive analysis and evaluation, the study shows that there are two different effective source rocks including the lower Sha-1 member and Sha-3 member, which have different geochemical characteristics. The main high-quality hydrocarbon source rocks are from Sha-3 member, and the next are from lower Sha-1 member.
Secondly, integrated the organic geochemical data of crude oil, the source materials, sedimentary environment and maturity are discussed. Based on the characteristics of biomarkers and many geochemical methods, oil source was correlated, combined with stable carbon isotopes, the oil in Banqiao sag was divided into four families.
The study of oil-source correlation reveals that the main hydrocarbon source rocks are from Sha-3 member. Most samples in banqiao sag show mix-source oil characteristics, single-source oil in Sha-3 member also exists.
Keywords: Banqiao sag, Oil-source correlation, Biomarker, Source rock evaluation
目录
摘 要 .......................................................................................................................................... 2 目录 ............................................................................................................................................ 4 第1章 引言 .............................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 研究的目的和意义 ...................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 .......................................................................................................... 1 1.3 研究的主要内容和技术路线 .................................................................................... 3
1.3.1 主要研究内容 .................................................................................................... 3 1.3.2 主要技术路线 .................................................................................................... 4
第2章 研究区地质条件 .......................................................................................................... 6
2.1研究区构造格架 ........................................................................................................... 6 2.2 地层沉积特征 .............................................................................................................. 7 2.3 石油地质特征 .............................................................................................................. 8 第3章 烃源岩地球化学特征 ................................................................................................ 11
3.1 烃源岩生烃潜力 ........................................................................................................ 11
3.1.1 有机质丰度 ...................................................................................................... 11 3.1.2 有机质类型 ...................................................................................................... 14 3.1.3 有机质的成熟演化史 ...................................................................................... 16 3.1.4 阶段划分总结 .................................................................................................. 22 3.2 生物标志化合物组成特征 ........................................................................................ 23
3.2.1甾类化合物组成特征 ....................................................................................... 23 3.2.2萜类化合物组成特征 ....................................................................................... 25
第4章 原油地球化学特征 .................................................................................................... 28
4.1原油族组成与饱和烃气相色谱特征 ......................................................................... 28
4.1.1原油族组成特征 ............................................................................................... 28 4.1.2原油饱和烃气相色谱特征 ............................................................................... 30 4.2 原油碳同位素特征 .................................................................................................... 32 4.3 原油甾萜化合物特征 ................................................................................................ 34
4.3.1 原油甾烷特征 .................................................................................................. 35 4.3.2 原油萜烷特征 .................................................................................................. 37 4.4 原油族群划分 ............................................................................................................ 39 第5章 油源对比 .................................................................................................................... 40
5.1 油源对比 .................................................................................................................... 40
5.1.1 饱和烃生物标志物法 ...................................................................................... 40 5.1.2 甾萜烷生物标识化合物特征的聚类分析法 .................................................. 42 5.1.3 油岩族组分碳同位素及其类型曲线对比 ...................................................... 44 5.2 油源对比小结 ............................................................................................................ 45 结论 .......................................................................................................................................... 46 参考资料 .................................................................................................................................. 47