的挑战，同时也刺激无线传感网安全研究热点的出现，作者认为如何保护无线传感网安全必将成为其未来发展的另一个重点。
路由技术作为网络构成的关键技术，其安全性也需要重点考虑，如何建立有效的安全路由协议一直是无线传感网络研究的重点。网络层上，现在无线传感网络面临着虚假路由信息，选择性的转发Sinkhole攻击[25]，Sybil攻击[26]，Wormholes攻击[27]。目前，国内外关于无线传感网络的安全路由研究刚刚开始起步，并且提出了一些安全路由协议，这些安全路由协议一般采用多路径路由、身份认证、双向连接认证和认证广播等机制来有效地抵御外部伪造的路由信息、Sybil等攻击，并可以直接应用到现有的路由协议，从而提高路由协议的安全性。
所以在针对无线传感网的攻击中，虽然可以采用密码技术抵抗大部分安全攻击，但是由于无线传感网节点其自身资源限制，并不是适合做过多的大计算量密码计算，此外，有些安全攻击并不能完全用密码体制来抵抗，需要路由算法本身具有一定的内在安全特性。综上，作者认为，如何在保证节点能量负载均衡的情况下，如何设计保护无线传感网安全策略必将成为未来无线传感网研究发展的重中之重。
5．结论
无线传感器网络是一种新的信息获取和处理技术。在某些特殊领域，它有着传统技术不可比拟的优势，势必也必将开辟出不少有价值的商业用途。在本文中，我们简要介绍了无线传感器网络历史起源和研究现状，总结和归纳了无线传感网的核心技术，其中重点分析和总结了现有无线传感网路由协议，并在分析的基础上，结合无线传感网的特点，提出了自己对无线传感网未来发展的几点研究设想。
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