Lesson1
attend v.上学；参加n. attendance 七岁以上的小孩都得上学。
All children over seven must attend school. blame n.责难 反：compliment
I have done my best, neither praise nor blame can affect me now. 我已尽最大的努力，赞扬或责难现在都影响不了我。 bubble n.气泡
Children like to make bubble with soap and water.
孩子喜欢用肥皂水做泡泡。 cemetery n.墓地 同：graveyard
There are many tombs in the cemetery. 墓地里有许多墓碑。
commendation n.赞扬 同：praise 反：blame He was given a commendation for bravery after he saved the little children from the fire. 他从火灾中救出孩子们后，因为他的勇气可嘉而受到赞扬。
conflict n.冲突；争斗 同：fight 反：reconciliation
Some people think that there is a great deal of conflict between religion(宗教）and science. 有人认为宗教与科学间有很大的冲突。
direct v.监督；指导
adj.直接的 同：conduct, command 反：indirect
There was nobody to direct the workman. 没有人监督工人。
Which is the most direct way to London? 去伦敦最直接的路是哪一条？ draw v.拉 同：drag, haul
Draw your chair nearer to the table. 把你的椅子往桌子拉近一点。 empire n.帝国 同：realm
The United States was once a part of the British Empire.
美国一度曾经是大英帝国的一部分。 file n.文档卷 v.归档
Please put these letters in the main file. 请把这些文件放入文卷总档中。
The secretary filed the cards in order. 秘书将卡片依序归档。
frank adj.坦白的 同：candid,honest 反：deceiful,dishonest
He was frank to admit(承认）that he hadn't studied the lesson.
他坦白承认没有念那一课。
generate v.产生 同：produce,make
We know that heating water can generate steam.
我们知道将水加热可以产生蒸气。 halt v.停止前进
The soldiers halted for a rest.
士兵们停止前进，以休息片刻。
horn n.角
A goal(山羊）has two horns on its head. 山羊的头上有两只角。 individual adj.个别的
n.个人 同：person
A teacher can't give individual attention if his class is large.
如果班上的人数众多，老师就不能个别的注意到每一个学生。
The rights of the individual are more important than the rights of society as a whole. 个人的权利比整个社会的权利重要得多。 interval n.（时间的）间隔
There is a long interval before he replied. 他隔了一段很长时间才回答。 knot n.绳结
The knots of your package must be tied tightly.
你包裹上的绳结必须扎紧。
liberal adj.自由主义的，通才的 反：professional
He is liberal in his view on government. 他对政体的看法是属于自由主义的。
They want their child to have a liberal education.
他们要他们的孩子接受通才教育。
★liberal education：文科教育, 普通教育，通才教育
magnificent adj.华丽的
n.magnificence 同：grand,splendid
The king was wearing a magnificent gold crown(王冠）.
国王戴着华丽的金冠。
mental adj.心理的 反：physical
Keeping mental health is very important in He has many relatives in the United States. 他在美国有很多亲戚。
East is a relative term,for example,France is east of England but west of Italy.
东方是个相对的名词，譬如说，法国在英国的东方，但在意大利的西方。 ★relative term：相对项 resort v.常去,求助
modern society.
在现代社会中维护心理健康是非常重要的。 momentary adj.暂时的 同：transient 反：everlasting
Her feeling of danger was only momentary;it soon passed.
他的危险感是暂时的，很快就消失了。 neutral adj.中立的
He remained neutral in the argument between his two friends.
他在两个朋友的争辩中保持中立。 omit v.遗漏，删除
He made many mistakes in spelling by omitting letters(字母）.
他因漏掉字母而犯了许多拼字上的错误。
peacock n.孔雀
A peacock can fly only short distance. 孔雀只能飞很短的距离。 pioneer n.先驱者
John Glenn was a pineer in space travel(太空旅行）.
约翰·格伦是太空飞行的先驱者。 ★space travel：太空飞行，太空旅行 同：forerunner
pronounce v.读~的音
n.pronunciation n.宣告
n.pronouncement
The teacher pronounced each word slowly. 老师把每一个字音都读得很慢。
The doctor pronounced that the man was dead. 医生宣告那男人死了。 relative n.亲戚
adj.相对的 反：absolute
When we were high school students,we resorted to the restaurant.
当我们是高中生时，常去那家餐馆。
He always resorted to asking his friends for money.
他总是向朋友求助金钱。
★resort to：常去，采用，使用(手段)，诉诸(法律)
rub v.摩；擦
He rubbed his hands together to warm up. 他摩擦双手以取暖。
★warm up：热身，重新煮热，变暖，感到亲切，激动
shadow n.阴暗处 同：shade
He walked along in the shadows hoping no one would recognize him.
他沿着阴暗处走，希望没有人会认出他。 situation n.情势 同：condition,case
I'm in a difficult situation and I don't know what to do.
我处在一个困难的情形中，而我也不知道该怎么办。
sore adj.疼痛的 同：aching，painful His sore leg made walking difficult. 疼痛的腿使他步行困难。 spread v.覆盖，铺（桌面）
His sister spread a cloth on the table. 他的姐姐把一块桌布铺在桌上。 talent n.天才
The girl has a talent for music. 那女孩有音乐的天才。 throne n.王位
He was only 15 years old when he came to the throne.
他登基时只有十五岁。 transfer n.调职 v.移转
He has asked for a transfer to another job. 他已要求调职。
The football player is hoping to transfer to copper n.铜
Copper is easily shaped into thin sheet or fine wire.
铜易于塑成薄板或细丝。 ★thin sheet：钢皮，薄片，薄钢板； fine wire：another team soon.
该足球队员希望不久能调到另一队。 usage n.使用
Machines soon wear out under rough usage. 机器使用不小心很快就会磨损。
★wear out：消瘦，穿破，用坏，克服，消磨，疲劳
vowel n.元音字母 反：consonant
The vowels in the English language are represented by A,E,I,O,U,and,sometimes,Y. 英文中的元音字母以a,e,i,o,u 为代表，有时再加上y 。
withdraw v.缩回，撤销
He quickly withdraw his hand from the hot stove.
他迅速地把手从热炉上缩回。
Lesson2
agency n.经销处
The Ford Company has agencies all over the country.
福特公司在全国都由经销处。 blank adj.空白的 同：empty
Please write your name in the blank space at the top of the page.
请把你的名字写在此页上头的空白处。 bulk n.堆，容量 同：volume
A vast bulk of coal(煤）is still stored in the basement（地下室）.
地下室中仍储有大量的煤堆。 ceremony n.典礼
Their marriage ceremony was performed in the church.
他们的结婚典礼在教堂举行。 commerce n.贸易 同:trade
Our country has grown rich because of its commerce with other nations.
我国由于与别国间的贸易而致富。
细丝
confuse v.混淆
n.confusion 同：embarrass,puzzle Even their own mother sometimes confused the twins. curse v.诅咒
He cursed the poor waitress who had spilled soup on him.
delight n.娱乐，愉快 同：pleasure
Moving picture give great delight to million of people.
电影娱乐了数以百万的人们。 drift n.v.漂流
The boat was taken out to sea by the drift of the tide.
小船被潮流冲到外海。 faculty n.能力，（大学等的）教职员
John has the faculty to learn languages easily. 约翰有迅速学会语言的能力。
That will be discussed in the next faculty meeting.
那将会在下一次的教职员会议上讨论。 ★faculty meeting：教职员会议，教授会 financial adj.经济上的 n.finance
Before he decided to study abroad,he has to solve financial problems. 在他决定出国念书前，必须先解决经济上的问题。
freight n.货物 同：cargo
This aircraft company deals with freight only,it has no travel service.
这家航空公司只经营货运，而没有旅游服务。
generous adi.慷慨的 n.generosity
It was very generous of them to share their
meal with their poor neighbors.
他们愿意让贫苦的邻人共享餐食，甚为慷慨。
handy adj.便利的 同：convenient
There were handy shelves near the kichen 洋葱的气味和味道很烈。
pit n.坑 同：hole
Water collected in the pit left when the old sink(水槽）.
厨房的水槽边有便利的架子。
horrible adj.可怕的 n.horror
I have never seen such a horrible car accident. 我从未见过如此可怕的车祸。 industrious adj.勤劳的
An industrious student usually has good grades(成绩）.
勤奋的学生通常有好成绩。 intimate adj.亲密的 n.intimacy adv.intimately
Although my brother knew many people,he had few intimate friends. 虽然我兄弟认识许多人，但亲密的朋友却很少。
liberty n.自由
They fought to defend their liberty against the invaders.
他们为保卫自由而抵抗侵略者。 majesty n.庄严 同：greatness,dignity
They were inspired by the majesty of the snow covered mountains.
他们由积雪山脉的庄严气氛中获得启示。 monument n.纪念物
The ruins of the castle(城堡）is an ancient monument,which the government pays money to preserve.
城堡的废墟是古代的纪念物，政府花钱以保存之。
nickname n.绰号
He got the nickname \because he was very fat.
他非常胖，因而得到一个“胖子”的绰号。 onion n.洋葱
Onion has a very strong smell and taste.
trees were uprooted(连根拔起）.
老树被连根拔起后所留下的坑会积水。 preach v.传教
Many people went to church to hear him preach.
许多人到教堂听他传教。 proof n.证据 v.prove
We must wait for better proof before we believe.
在我们相信以前，必须等待更有力的证据。 rag n.破布 adj.ragged
She wiped her boots with a rag. 她用破布擦她的皮靴。 release v.释放 反：hold
After he was released from prison,he came home directly.
他被释放出狱后立刻回家。 rude adj.不礼貌的 同：impolite
It is rude to stare at people or to point with a finger.
瞪眼看人或用手指人，都是不礼貌的。 scorn n.轻视 v.不屑，轻视
We feel scorn for a traitor（卖国贼）. 我们轻视卖国贼。 shallow adj.浅的
The lake is too shallow for swimming. 那湖用来游泳太浅了。
soul n.灵魂 同：spirit 反：body
They were praying for the souls of the dead. 他们正为死者的灵魂祈祷。 sprinkle v.撒，洒
He sprinkled sand along the icy path. 他沿着结冰的路撒沙子。 stoop v.弯腰 同：bend
He stooped to pick up the paper. 他俯身捡纸。
sum n.金额，和,总额
He paid the sum of $10 for a new bag. 他以十元的价格买一个新袋子。 The sum of 2 and 3 is 5. 二和三之和为五。 talkative adj.多嘴的
No man likes talkative woman. 没有男人喜欢多嘴的女人。
throughout adv.全部的 prep.全，遍及
The woodwork in the house was rotten throughout.
这间屋内的木制品全部腐朽了。
His name is famous throughout the world. 全世界都知道他的名字。 utter v.说出
n.utterance
adj.完全的 同：complete
He was gone before she could utter a word. 她还未开口说一个字，他就走了。 She is an utter stranger to me.
对我来说，她完全是一个陌生人。 voyage n.航行 同：navigation
The voyage from England to India used to take six months.
过去从英国航行印度，要花六个月的时间。 ★used to：惯常，惯于； be used to：过去习惯于
wither v.枯萎 同：fade
The grass withered in the sun.
★in the sun：在阳光下，无忧无虑
Lesson3
academic adj.学校的 同：scholastic
The academic year begins when school opens in September.
学年是从学校九月开学时开始。 ahead adv.超过，在前地
Tom was a quick walker,so he soon got ahead of the others. 汤姆走路很快，所以不久他就走在别人前面了。
blaze n.火焰 同：flame
I put some wood on the fire and it soon burst
into a blaze.
我放一些木柴在火中，很快就发出炽焰。 ★burst into：闯入，开出，突然出现 challenge v.邀请比赛
I challenged him to a game of tennis. 我邀请他作网球比赛。 commit v.犯，作，委托 n.commitment
A man who steals commits a crime. 偷窃的人犯罪。
He committed himself to the doctor's care. 他将自己委托给医生。 ★commit a crime：犯罪
congress n.立法机关 同：parliment,assembly In some countries,the congress is composed of a Senate and a House of Representatives.
有些国家的立法机关是由参议院和众议院组成。
★be composed of：由...组成； House of Representatives：（美国、新西兰、澳大利亚等国的）众议院
damp adj.潮湿的 同：wet,moist
If you sleep between damp sheets,you will probably catch cold.
如果你睡在潮湿的被单里可能会着凉。 ★catch cold：感冒
drown v.淹死
The fisherman almost got drowned when his boat was overturned(翻覆的）. 当渔夫的船翻覆时他几乎淹死。 evident adj.明显的 n.evidence
It is now evident that,if I don't study hard,I will fail the course.
现在情形很明显，如果我不努力用功，我这一科就会不及格。 fable n.寓言
He read stories to the children from an old book of fables.
他从一本旧的寓言书里念故事给孩子们听。 firm adj.坚硬的
We build houses on firm ground.