ARPO ENI S.p.A. Agip Division TITLE ORGANISING TYPE OF ISSUING DOC. REFER TO PAGE. DEPARTMENT ACTIVITY' DEPT. TYPE SECTION N. OF1 230 STAP P 1 M 6100 DRILLING DESIGN MANUAL DISTRIBUTION LIST Eni - Agip Division Italian Districts Eni - Agip Division Affiliated Companies Eni - Agip Division Headquarter Drilling & Completion Units STAP Archive Eni - Agip Division Headquarter Subsurface Geology Units Eni - Agip Division Headquarter Reservoir Units Eni - Agip Division Headquarter Coordination Units for Italian Activities Eni - Agip Division Headquarter Coordination Units for Foreign Activities NOTE: The present document is available in Eni Agip Intranet (http://wwwarpo.in.agip.it) and a CD-Rom version can also be distributed (requests will be addressed to STAP Dept. in Eni - Agip Division Headquarter) Date of issue: 28/06/99 ??????????????Issued by ????????P. Magarini E. Monaci 28/06/99 REVISIONS The present document is CONFIDENTIAL and it is property of AGIP It shall not be shown to third parties nor shall it be used for
reasons different from those owing to which it was given
????????C. Lanzetta 28/06/99 CHK'D ????????A. Galletta 28/06/99 APPR'D PREP'D
ARPO ENI S.p.A. Agip Division IDENTIFICATION CODE STAP-P-1-M-6100 PAGE 2 OF 230 REVISION 0 1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1. PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES 1.2. IMPLEMENTATION
INDEX 9
9 9 9
1.3. UPDATING, AMENDMENT, CONTROL& DEROGATION
2.
PRESSURE EVALUATION
2.1. FORECAST ON PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS 2.2. OVERPRESSURE EVALUATION
2.2.1. Methods Before Drilling 2.2.2. Methods While Drilling 2.2.3. Real Time Indicators
2.2.4. Indicators Depending on Lag Time 2.2.5. Methods After Drilling 2.3. TEMPERATURE PREDICTION
2.3.1. Temperature Gradients 2.3.2. Temperature Logging
10
10 11 12 12 13 14 16 19 20 20
3.
SELECTION OF CASING SEATS
3.1. CONDUCTOR CASING 3.2. SURFACE CASING 3.3. INTERMEDIATE CASING 3.4. DRILLING LINER 3.5. PRODUCTION CASING
21
24 24 24 25 25
4.
CASING DESIGN
4.1. INTRODUCTION
4.2. PROFILES AND DRILLING SCENARIOS
4.2.1. Casing Profiles
4.3. CASING SPECIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION
4.3.1. Casing Specification
4.3.2. Classification Of API Casing 4.4. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF STEEL
4.4.1. General
4.4.2. Stress-Strain Diagram 4.5. NON-API CASING 4.6. CONNECTIONS
4.6.1. API Connections 4.7. APPROACH TO CASING DESIGN
4.7.1. Wellbore Forces 4.7.2. Design Factor (DF) 4.7.3. Design Factors
26
26 27 27 28 28 29 29 29 29 31 32 32 33 33 34 35
ARPO ENI S.p.A. Agip Division 4.7.4.
IDENTIFICATION CODE STAP-P-1-M-6100 PAGE 3 OF 230 REVISION 0 Application of Design Factors
35 36 36 39 42 43 43 45 46 47 47 47 49 50 52 52 53 55 56 57 58 59 60 60 60 61 63 63 64 68 68 69 69 69 70 70 71
4.8. DESIGN CRITERIA
4.8.1. Burst 4.8.2. Collapse 4.8.3. Tension
4.9. BIAXIAL STRESS
4.9.1. Effects On Collapse Resistance 4.9.2. Company Design Procedure 4.9.3. Example Collapse Calculation 4.10. BENDING
4.10.1. General
4.10.2. Determination Of Bending Effect 4.10.3. Company Design Procedure 4.10.4. Example Bending Calculation 4.11. CASING WEAR
4.11.1. General
4.11.2. Volumetric Wear Rate 4.11.3. Wear Factors
4.11.4. Wear Allowance In Casing Design 4.11.5. Company Design Procedure 4.12. SALT SECTIONS
4.12.1. Company Design Procedure 4.13. CORROSION
4.13.1. Exploration And Appraisal Wells 4.13.2. Development Wells
4.13.3. Contributing Factors To Corrosion 4.13.4. Casing For Sour Service 4.13.5. Ordering Specifications
4.13.6. Company Design Procedure 4.14. TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
4.14.1. Low Temperature Service 4.15. LOAD CONDITIONS
4.15.1. Safe Allowable Pull
4.15.2. Cementing Considerations 4.15.3. Pressure Testing 4.15.4. Company Guidelines 4.15.5. Hang-Off Load (LH)
5.
MUD CONSIDERATIONS
5.1. GENERAL
5.2. DRILLING FLUID PROPERTIES
5.2.1. Cuttings Lifting
5.2.2. Subsurface Well Control 5.2.3. Lubrication
5.2.4. Bottom-Hole Cleaning 5.2.5. Formation Evaluation 5.2.6. Formation Protection 5.3. MUD COMPOSITION
5.3.1. Salt Muds
5.3.2. Water Based Systems 5.3.3. Gel Systems
5.3.4. Polymer Systems
72
72 72 72 73 74 74 74 74 75 75 78 79 79
ARPO ENI S.p.A. Agip Division 5.3.5. 5.4. SOLIDS
IDENTIFICATION CODE STAP-P-1-M-6100 PAGE 4 OF 230 REVISION 0 Oil Based Mud
80 80 81 81 84 85
5.5. DENSITY CONTROL MATERIALS 5.6. FLUID CALCULATIONS 5.7. MUD TESTING PROCEDURES 5.8. MINIMUM STOCK REQUIREMENTS
6.
FLUID HYDRAULICS
6.1. HYDRAULICS PROGRAMME PREPARATION 6.2. DESIGN OF THE HYDRAULICS PROGRAMME 6.3. FLOW RATE
6.4. PRESSURE LOSSES
6.4.1. Surface Equipment 6.4.2. Drill Pipe 6.4.3. Drill Collars 6.4.4. Bit Hydraulics 6.4.5. Mud Motors 6.4.6. Annulus 6.5. USEFUL TABLES AND CHARTS
87
87 88 88 90 93 93 93 93 94 94 95
7.
CEMENTING CONSIDERATIONS
7.1. CEMENT
7.1.1. API Specification
7.1.2. Slurry Density and Weight 7.2. CEMENT ADDITIVES
7.2.1. Accelerators 7.2.2. Retarders 7.2.3. Extenders
7.2.4. Weighting Agents 7.3. SALT CEMENT
7.4. SPACERS AND WASHES 7.5. SLURRY SELECTION 7.6. CEMENT PLACEMENT 7.7. WELL CONTROL
7.8. JOB DESIGN
7.8.1. Depth/Configuration 7.8.2. Environment 7.8.3. Temperature
7.8.4. Slurry Preparation
97
97 97 100 102 102 103 103 104 105 106 107 108 108 110 110 111 111 111
8.
WELLHEADS
8.1. DEFINITIONS
8.2. DESIGN CRITERIA
8.2.1. Material Specification
112
112 112 112
ARPO ENI S.p.A. Agip Division IDENTIFICATION CODE STAP-P-1-M-6100 PAGE 5 OF 230 REVISION 0 113 113 113 116 119
8.3. SURFACE WELLHEADS
8.3.1. Standard Wellhead Components 8.3.2. National/Breda Wellhead Systems 8.4. COMPACT WELLHEAD 8.5. MUDLINE SUSPENSION
9.
PRESSURE RATING OF BOP EQUIPMENT
9.1. BOP SELECTION CRITERIA
122
122
10. BHA DESIGN AND STABILISATION
10.1. STRAIGHT HOLE DRILLING
10.2. DOG-LEG AND KEY SEAT PROBLEMS
10.2.1. Drill Pipe Fatigue 10.2.2. Stuck Pipe 10.2.3. Logging
10.2.4. Running casing 10.2.5. Cementing
10.2.6. Casing Wear While Drilling 10.2.7. Production Problems 10.3. HOLE ANGLE CONTROL
10.3.1. Packed Hole Theory 10.3.2. Pendulum Theory
10.4. DESIGNING A PACKED HOLE ASSEMBLY
10.4.1. Length Of Tool Assembly 10.4.2. Stiffness 10.4.3. Clearance
10.4.4. Wall Support and Length of Contact Tool 10.5. PACKED BOTTOM HOLE ASSEMBLIES 10.6. PENDULUM BOTTOM HOLE ASSEMBLIES 10.7. REDUCED BIT WEIGHT 10.8. DRILL STRING DESIGN
10.9. BOTTOM HOLE ASSEMBLY BUCKLING
10.10.SUMMARY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR STABILISATION 10.11.OPERATING LIMITS OF DRILL PIPE 10.12.GENERAL GUIDELINES
125
125 125 125 126 126 126 126 126 126 128 128 129 129 129 129 131 131 131 133 134 135 138 140 142 142
11. BIT SELECTION
11.1. PLANNING
11.2. IADC ROLLER BIT CLASSIFICATION
11.2.1. Major Group Classification 11.2.2. Bit Cones 11.3. DIAMOND BIT CLASSIFICATION
11.3.1. Natural Diamond Bits 11.3.2. PDC Bits
11.3.3. IADC Fixed Cutter Classification
143
143 143 144 145 146 146 146 146