current price (RMB billion)
Surplus rural laborers (10,000 persons) 590 310 -47.5 -7.7 Absolute poverty-stricken rural population 366 65 - 82.2 -19.4 (10,000 persons)
Industrial Production
Total industrial added value 42.301 92.751 145.6 11.9
Total industrial added value at current price 8.235 211.122 ------- ------- (RMB billion)
Sales rate of industrial products (%) 96.2 98.2 ------- ------- Note:
1) The industrial statistics in 2004 cover all the SOEs and non-SOEs with an annual sales revenue of 5 million yuan and more; 2) The industrial statistics in 1996 cover all the independent accounting enterprises.
3) The increase rate of industrial value added is calculated at the comparable price and the total industrial output value does not take increase rate into account.
Economic Profitability of Industrial Enterprises Overall index of economic 63.77 139.4 ------- ------- profitability (%)
Overall labor productivity 12,298 64,797 ------- ------- (RMB/person)
Investment in Fixed Assets of whole Society
Total value of investment in fixed assets 32.073 160.993 402.0 22.3 (RMB billion)
State investment 15.977 66.428 315.8 19.5 Collective investment 5.132 9.739 89.8 8.3
Private individual investment 5.989 30.001 400.9 22.3 Investment from Hong Kong, Macao,
Taiwan and foreign businesses 2.782 10.517 278.0 18.1 Investment from other sources 2.193 44.308 1920.4 45.6
Social Spending 1996 2004 ±% compared with 1996 1997-2004 annual average ±% Total social consumer goods retailing sales volume (RMB billion) 45.548 95.500 109.7 9.7
Commodity sales volume (RMB billion) 53.452 166.789 212.0 15.3
Foreign Trade
Total number of foreign capital utilizing 233 281 20.6 2.4 contracts signed
Amount of contracted foreign capitals 0.359 0.666 85.5 8.0 (US$ billion)
Amount of actually utilized foreign 0.442 0.682 54.3 5.6 capitals (US$ billion)
*Direct foreign investment 0.219 0.405 84.9 8.0
Amount of actually utilized domestic 8.687 ------- ------- capitals (RMB billion)
Total amount of import and export 1.585 3.858 143.3 11.8 (US$ billion)
Export 0.594 2.091 252.0 17.0 Import 0.991 1.766 78.2 7.5
Tourism
Traveling domestically 1400 5235.6 274.0 17.9 (10,000 person-times)
Total revenue from tourism (RMB billion) 4.2 24.292 478.4 24.5 Traveling abroad (10,000 person-times) 16.18 43.44 168.5 13.1 Foreign exchange earned from tourism 7,090 20,308 186.4 14.1 (US$10,000)
Local Budgetary Revenue
Local budgetary revenue 5.494 30.239 450.4 23.8 (RMB billion)
Finance
Balance of RMB deposit in 84.643 403.961 377.3 21.6 financial institutions (RMB billion)
Balance of RMB loans by 91.393 324.628 255.2 17.2 financial institutions (RMB billion)
Year-end balance of RMB savings 50.071 218.973 337.3 20.3 of urban and rural residents (RMB billion)
Residents’ Income
Per capita disposable income of 5,022.96 9,220.96 83.6 7.9 urban residents (RMB)
Per-capita cash income of 1,479.05 2,535 71.4 7.0 rural residents (RMB)
Social Institutions 1996 2004 ±% compared with 1996 1997-2004 annual average ±% High-school attending rate (%) 56.0 80.7 24.7 ------- Urbanization rate (%) ------- 43.5 ------- -------
Number of employed urban residents 424.99 582.79 37.1 4.0 (10,000 persons)
Note: The urbanization rate is based on the number of permanent residents.
Economic and Social Development of Chongqing
February 24, 2005
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Chongqing, a city full of dynamism and rhythm. The vigorous Bayu land is experiencing rapid changes in its urban and rural areas. All this is brought about by its promotion to a municipality status and the west China development launched by the central government, which set Chongqing on a new historic voyage.
Administrative promotion: The wings for Chongqing's takeoff
Looking back on 1997 when it was promoted to a municipality directly under the central government, Chongqing was backward in almost all aspects. Faced with tremendous problems, the industrious and strong-willed people of Chongqing have made pains-taking efforts in taking the \
Task 1: Poverty relief. Of Chongqing's 31 million population, two-thirds are rural residents and this special \rural area\both the urban and rural areas. In the aspect of point, a system of rationally distributed urban and rural townships has been established; in the aspect of line, the construction of infrastructure is being quickened to build a thoroughfare to link cities and towns together; in the aspect of plane, no effort has been spared in the development of three major economic zones including the developed urban economic circle, west Chongqing economic corridor and three-gorge ecological economic zone.
In order to help the rural residents increase income and get better off, the government of Chongqing has formulated a series of policies and measures including the \yuan is raised from different channels and used to build 10 million-worth agricultural industrialization projects. Six supplementary supportive policies involving land use, household registering, fund-raising, infrastructure construction, etc. have been issued. The program of building 100 economically strong townships has been launched. Five major incentive measures have been taken, such as training, providing subsidies, encouraging exports, tax reduction, interests protection and encouraging people to run businesses in their hometowns. The program of employing 1 million surplus rural laborers has been initiated and so far 6.13 million rural laborers have been employed. All the members of the society have been involved in the development-based poverty-mitigation campaign and decisive victorious achievements have been made in this field. As a result, 12 national-level and 8 municipal-level poverty-stricken counties registered at the initial time of Chongqing's promotion have been wholesomely relieved of poverty and the number of poverty-stricken population has decreased sharply from 3.66 million to 0.65 million.
Task 2: Resettlement of one million migrants. The resettlement of one million migrants from the three-gorges reservoir area is referred to as one of \total, as well as the most difficult part of the resettlement work are in Chongqing. However, the people of Chongqing regard the inevitable migrants resettlement, hometown reconstruction and industrial restructuring as a precious opportunity for quickening social and economic development. Through painstaking efforts, 814,700 migrants have been resettled including 139,800 people getting resettled outside Chongqing. Infrastructure and township functions in the reservoir area are consummated, laying a solid foundation for economic development. Houses totaling 13.88 million square meters in floor space have been reconstructed and the per-capita space of housing for the migrants is 10 square meters more than that before resettlement. Educational, cultural and medical conditions for the migrants are greatly improved. To fill the industry gap in the reservoir area, Chongqing has launched the \
their new homes and be able to get better off.
Task 3: Reform of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). As one of China's old industrial bases, Chongqing embodies both the \phenomenon\and \phenomenon.\In the initial years after its promotion, Chongqing was entangled in great problems with its SOEs that had heavy historic burdens, prominent industrial structure contradictions and an average debt rate of 80~90 percent. To get out of this predicament, the people of Chongqing swore to win the battle of SOE reform by using every possible means, hence the new industrialization concept of \that is, to achieve prominent improvements in 5 fields including the overall volume of industrial economy, degree of industrial concentration, profitability and quality of industrial economy, level of information industry and scientific and technological invention capability as well as living standard and employment rate of the people; develop 4 major industries including automobile and motorcycle manufacturing, machine building, material processing and high technology; take 4 supportive measures including optimizing and rationalizing the distribution of productive forces, restructuring and improving traditional industries and strengthening organization and leadership so as to open up a new industrialization road with Chongqing's own characteristics.
In the past few years, two-thirds of Chongqing's SOEs have been transformed to joint-stock enterprises and the stockholding economy contributes more than 60 percent to the industrial value added. The percentage of state-owned economy has been reduced to less than 50 percent from 70 percent before the promotion and the non-public ownership businesses now account for one half of Chongqing's economy. In 2000, all of the SOEs began to make profit and have since then maintained a strong profit-making momentum in the years running. In 2004, scaled industrial enterprises registered an increase of 23 percent in industrial value added and an increase of 40 percent in profit.
Task 4: Building Chongqing into an ecological city. Ensuring the safety of ecology constitutes a heavy responsibility assumed to Chongqing by the country and the nation. Unprecedented efforts have thus been made to improve ecological and environmental protection throughout the municipality. In the past 8 years since its promotion, Chongqing has invested 20 billion yuan in improving small river valleys and curbing land erosion and implementing the \project\\project\and \disposal plants have been built and put to use. The quality of water in the three-gorges reservoir area has been kept at the level of Classes II and III. Initial achievements have been made in geological disaster prevention, natural forest protection and returning farmland to forestland or grassland and the ecological environment has been much improved.
West China development program: the engine for spearheading Chongqing's development
The implementation of the west China development strategy has blown the trumpet for Chongqing's fast development. Great changes are taking place in Chongqing with each passing day:
Change 1: Chongqing's economic strength has been improved. Under the guideline of achieving healthy, harmonious and sustainable development and taking the \possible\pace of development, the people of Chongqing have created the unprecedented \has been the year in which Chongqing achieved the fastest and best development since its promotion as the total regional output value reached 266.539 billion yuan, an increase of 12.2 percent over the previous year, the local financial revenue increased by 40.5 percent whose absolute figure was 5.5 times as much as that in 1996, the disposable income of urban residents increased by 13.9 percent and the net income of rural residents increased by 14.5 percent. Of the 281 cities on the list of China's most competitive cities in 2004, Chongqing ranks the 12th, and the first of cities in the west region.
Change 2: Construction of communication facilities has been speeded up. The implementation of the west China development program has resulted in the speeding up of the construction of communication facilities in Chongqing. In a few years, the \Chongqing\needed for the farthest district and county to reach the downtown area is shortened to 8 hours at present from 2 days in the past and the time needed for traveling between the 9 metropolitan districts is now no longer than half an hour. The construction of railways, expressways, airports and ports is under way. The people of Chongqing have actually fulfilled the communication development plan 10 years ahead of schedule. The long cherished dream of \is quickly becoming a reality. By 2010, Chongqing will have built a comprehensive multi-access traffic network that includes \small\
Change 3: Emphasis has been placed on opening up both domestically and internationally. Chongqing's economy is being fast developed in an open manner and has entered a new ambit in which \the past eight years after promotion, Chongqing's export has totaled US$8.65 billion. In 2004, this figure hit US$2 billion, an increase of 31.9 percent over the previous year. The amount of utilized foreign capital has reached US$4.1 billion and more than 3,600 foreign businesses are already in operation in Chongqing. The Fortune magazine has listed Chongqing as the fourth hot spot for investment in China and some of the world's top 500 companies like Ford, ABB, Lafarge, French Water Development, Carrefour, Metro, etc. are running business in Chongqing. At the same time, the domestic regional economic cooperation has also been strengthened. In 2004, Chongqing utilized 8.6 billion yuan of domestic capital which is an increase of 51.7 percent and 40 percentage points higher than the previous year in increase rate.
Change 4: Commerce and trade are prosperous and active. In recent years, Chongqing's commerce has been steadily developed at four levels including the central business district (CDB), district or county business circles, specialty commodity streets and community commerce. The total space of commercial shops in Chongqing has reached 26 million square meters with a per-capita share of 0.84 square meters. In 2004, the social retailing sales volume increased by 14.3 percent and the market exhibited a sign of brisk buying and selling as the total sales value of consumer goods increased by 109.7 percent over the figure in 1996. Housing, cars, telecom service, education and travel have become new hot spots of expenditure.
Change 5: Social institutions have been in vigorous development. In Chongqing the percentage of graduates from secondary school to continue to receive high school education has reached 80.7 percent. The employment rate of vocational school graduates leads the national level. Public facilities such as the Olympic Sports Center and Three Gorges Museum have been completed. Ten major cultural projects including the International Conference Center, Chongqing Theater, Science Hall, Urban Planning Hall, etc. have been initiated. The urban resident bottom line subsistence assurance system is being gradually perfected and of the 800, 000-plus laid off workers, 630,000 are reemployed. The unemployment rate in the urban areas is kept under 4.12 percent.
The Asia-Pacific Cities Summit: The open arms of Chongqing to embrace the world
In October 2003, Chongqing won the bid for hosting the 2005 Asia-Pacific Cities Summit (APCS). The APCS is an international conference initiated by Brisbane City Council in Australia and serves as an important stage for strengthening exchanges and promoting cooperation between cities, governments and business circles in the Asia-Pacific region. It is a mayoral forum with extensive influence worldwide.
Through intensive competition, Chongqing defeated the other five competing cities and became the host city for the 2005 APCS event. This is the first time for the APCS to be held in China as well as in Asia and therefore the success of Chongqing in winning the bid is not only the honor of China but also the honor of Asia.
In the spirit of \world,\far an investment of nearly 7 billion yuan has been arranged for constructing 56 civil projects and 77 supplementary facility projects with which Chongqing's urban function will become even more complete and its core competitiveness further improved. All these changes will give the participating guests an entirely new experience.
\man and nature: environmental management; creating distinctiveness: the art of city planning; industrial pulse: the source of city dynamism; smart governance: smart city administration; job creation: fair job opportunities; education: cultivating lifetime learning to build city capacity; city harmony: an untiring pursuit of urban community building; hand-in-hand: cooperation and exchanges between Asia-Pacific cities.
Chongqing has made a well-conceived overall plan and detailed program for this summit and has sent invitations to mayors, business leaders and scholars in the Asia-Pacific cities to attend this event.
The 5th APCS is to be held in Chongqing from October 11-14, 2005.