郑州大学毕业设计（项目报告）
题 目： 多媒体网络教室的设计与规划 指导教师： 宰光军 职称： 讲师
学生姓名： 蔡家琛 学号： 20117740102 专 业： 计算机科学与技术（软件测试） 院（系）： 软件学院 完成时间： 2015年5月24日
2015年 5 月 24 日
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目录
目录 .................................................................................................................................................. 2 摘要 .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Abstract........................................................................................................................................... 4 1 项目背景....................................................................................................................................... 5
1.1项目来源 ............................................................................................................................ 5 1.2 需求分析 ........................................................................................................................... 6 2 项目总体设计 ............................................................................................................................... 7
2.1 网络拓扑设计 ................................................................................................................... 7
2.1.1 IP地址和VLAN的规划分配 ................................................................................ 7 2.1.2 设计后拓扑图 ....................................................................................................... 8 2.2 设备选型 ........................................................................................................................... 9
2.2.1接入层交换机的选择 ............................................................................................ 9 2.2.2汇聚层交换机的选择 .......................................................................................... 10 2.2.3路由器的选择 ...................................................................................................... 11 2.2.4防火墙的选择 ...................................................................................................... 12 2.5 设计该网络所需要的设备价格列表 ............................................................................. 12 3 项目实现..................................................................................................................................... 13
3.1 MSTP技术 ........................................................................................................................ 13 3.2 链路聚合技术 ................................................................................................................. 14 3.3 VRRP技术 ........................................................................................................................ 15 3.4 OSPF技术 ........................................................................................................................ 16 3.5 访问控制列表 ................................................................................................................. 17 3.6 NAT地址转换 .................................................................................................................. 18 4 项目技术总结 ............................................................................................................................. 18
4.1项目特色 .......................................................................................................................... 18 4.2 个人收获与体会 ............................................................................................................. 19 致谢：..................................................................................................................................... 19 参考文献： ............................................................................................................................. 19
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摘要
随着互联网的发展和网络技术的日益进步，越来越多的用户加入到互联网大家庭中，个人与企业对于网络的需求也越来越丰富，网络的安全和可靠性也越来越重要。
我国的教育事业近些年也在飞速发展，教育部对于学生的素质教育要求也越来越高。教育信息化在学校的工作中发挥的作用也越来越大，也日益成为学校提升教学、管理水平的重要途径。培养学生德智体美劳全面发展是教育事业未来的目标，学校在各方面的教育资源和教育设施也要同步提高，对于原有的一些落后过时的教育设施要进行更新换代以保持学校的教育先进性。
本次对于学校多媒体网络教室的设计是根据某中学需求进行分析和规划，满足学校对于信息化教学的需求。本设计的主要功能包括：使用MSTP技术实现负载分担，使用链路聚合技术增加链路带宽提供链路稳定性，使用VRRP技术将多个路由加入备份组形成虚拟路由，即使一台设备出现故障网络依然畅通，使用OSPF技术，它收敛快，使用组播更新网络信息，使用ACL访问控制列表来保护重要信息的安全，使用NAT地址转换使得局域网与外部网络进行通信。
关键词：MSTP、VRRP、ACL访问控制列表
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Abstract
With the development of the Internet and growing progress of network technology, more and more users join the big family of Internet, individuals and businesses demand for network is becoming more and more rich, the security and reliability of the network is becoming more and more important.
Education in China is in rapid development in recent years, the ministry of education has higher requirement for the student's quality education.The role of Education Informationization in the school work is becoming more and more big, also increasingly become the school teaching, the important way of management level ascension.Cultivating students' art of morality, intelligence and physique full scale development is the goal of education career future, school in various aspects of education resources and education facilities also rises to synchronize, for some of the original backward outdated education facilities to be updated to maintain school education advanced.
The multimedia network classroom design for school is according to the analysis and planning, demand a high school meet the needs of schools for the information.Main function of this design include: use of MSTP technology to realize the load sharing, increase the link bandwidth to provide link stability using link aggregation technology, using the VRRP technology to add multiple routing to form virtual routing backup group, is still open, even if one device fails network using OSPF technology, it converges fast, using multicast network information update, use ACL access control list to protect the security of important information, using NAT address translation makes the LAN to communicate with the external network.
Keywords: MSTP, VRRP, ACL
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1 项目背景
1.1项目来源
本毕业设计的项目为自选项目，某市一所中学为学生开设计算机课程搭建了一个简易的局域网提供给学生与教师的电脑互相链接以便开展教学课程。学校一共有四间电子教室，分别是一、二、三、四号四个房间，学生分别在四间教室上课，同时教师也在教室内进行教学。由于学生数量很多，经常导致局域网故障以至于教学不能正常进行，教师电脑有些信息不能给学生获取但却经常通过网络泄露出去。以下是该学校原始网络拓扑结构图：
图1 学校原始网络拓扑图
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