人教版新目标英语9年级总复习(7)

2019-05-17 17:22

特别提示

系动词get, turn , grow和become都可表示“变得,感到”,其区别是: ◎get用于日常用语,后面常跟比较级。

The weather gets colder, and the days get shorter. 天气变冷了,白天变短了。 ◎turn指在颜色和性质等方面变得与原来不同。 His face turned red. 他的脸变红了。 ◎grow着重变化过程。

It’s growing dark. 天渐渐地变黑了。

◎become是指身份、职位的变化,作瞬间动词时,指状态的变化。 He became an artist. 他成为了一名艺术家。

8. Jimmy takes after his mother. (P63)吉米的言行举止像他妈妈。

本句中的take after sb 表示“长相或举止像(某个长辈)”,不能用于被动语态。 To my surprise, Jack doesn’t take after his father at all. 令我惊奇的是,杰克和他爸爸长的一点儿也不像。

Mary really takes after her mother, she has the same eyes, nose, and hair. 玛丽长得真像她妈妈,眼睛、鼻子和头发一个样。

9. Jimmy has run out of money. (P63)吉米把钱花光了。 run out of意为“用完”,其主语通常是人,表示主动含义,后面跟宾语。 He has run out of ink.他用完了墨水。

I’m afraid we’re run out of petrol.我们的汽油怕是已用完了。 特别提示

run out也是“用完”的意思,其主语通常是被使用的事物,如时间、金钱、食物等,但不用于被动语态,同时其后也不能跟宾语。

His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花完了。

Have you nearly finished? Time is running out. 你快做完了吗?时间快到了。 10. I fix up bikes and give them away. (P63)我修理好自行车,然后捐赠出去。 (1)fix up相当于to repair,表示“修理,修补,整理”,其后跟物件名词作宾语。

My watch sometimes gains and sometimes loses. Can you fix it up for me? 我的表有时快,有时慢,你能帮我修修吗?

My mother is too old to live on her own, so we’re fixing up the spare room for her. 我母亲年龄太大了,不能自己生活,所以我们正收拾这个多出的房间让她住。 特别提示

如果fix up的宾语是“人”的话,则构成fix sb up with sth句型,表示“为某人安排某件事,向某人提供某物”。 I’ll fix you up with a place to stay. 我来给你安排住处。 (2)give sth away 意思是“捐赠,赠送”。 The rich man gave away most of his money to charity. 那个富人把他的大部分钱都捐给了慈善事业。 知识拓展

◎give away还可以表示“分发或赠与某物,由于大意而未利用或抓住(时机,机会等)”。 The headmaster gave away the prizes at the school sports day. 校长在学校运动会上颁发了奖品。

◎give away还可以表示“有意或无意地泄露某事情或出卖某人”。 The woman gave away state secrets to the enemy.

那个妇女把国家机密泄露给了敌人。

11. He even handed out advertisements at a local supermarket. (P64)他甚至在当地的一家超市散发广告。

hand out意为“散发”,其中hand是动词。

The teacher is handing out the maths papers. 老师在发数学试卷。 短语链语

hand in“面交”,“上交”。

The students are handing their papers in.学生们在交试卷。

12. Then he told the teachers at school about his problem ... (P64)然后他告诉老师自己的问题??

tell sb about sth是“把某事告诉某人”的意思,有时表示“嘱咐或语气较轻的命令”,常用于tell sb to do sth结构。

The teacher told us about his story. 老师给我们讲了他的故事。 My mother usually tells me to be careful on my way to school. 妈妈常常告诉我在去上学的路上一定要小心。

13. The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. (P64)他想到的那些办法获得了成功。 (1)这是一个由that引导的定语从句,先行词是前面的strategies。动词短语worked out在这里作主语the strategies的谓语,意为“产生结果,发展为,结果是??”,后面不可接宾语,主语也不用“人”来充当。

I wonder how their ideas worked out in practice.

我很想知道他们的想法在实践中取得了什么结果。 We didn’t plan it like that but it worked out very well. 我们原不是那样计划的,但结果却很好。 知识拓展

work out的其它用法

It was the best solution that he was able to work out at this time. 这是他这时能想出的最好的解决办法了。(想出)

I can’t work out the meaning of this poem. 我理解不了这首诗的意思。(理解) 短语链语

◎work on意为“从事”。 Professor Green is working on a new book. 格林教授正在写一本新书。 He is working on a maths problem. 他正在算一道数学难题。 ◎work on后面无宾语时,表示继续工作。 It’s very late, but they were still working on. 时间很晚了,但他们仍然在继续工作。

(2)fine在这里是副词,可与well替换,意思是“好,顺利”。 The machine works fine. 这台机器运行很好。 Sam is doing fine in his new business. 萨姆在他的新业务中一切进展顺利。

14. ...Who has filled my life with pleasure. (P66)??使我生活充满快乐的人。 (1)本句中的fill...with...表示一个动作,意为“用??装满??”,其主语通常是人。 He filled the bag with books. 他在书包里装满了书。 Please fill the bottle with milk. 请将瓶子装满牛奶。 知识拓展

be filled with表示一个状态,意为“装满了??”,相当于be full of,其主语通常是人或物。 The room was filled with smoke. 房间里浓烟弥漫。 Her eyes were filled with tears. 她眼睛里充满了泪水。 (2)pleasure意为“高兴,快乐”,是不可数名词;表示“乐趣,高兴的事”时是可数名词。 Reading gives me great pleasure. 读书给了我很多快乐。 It is one of my greatest pleasures. 它是我最大乐趣之一。 ◎在口语中It’s pleasure. 是回答感谢的客套语。 —Thank you for your help. 感谢你的帮助。 —It’s a pleasure. 不用谢。 特别提示

◎pleased是形容词,意为“自己感到高兴的,欣喜的,满意的”,指以任何方式表现出来或未表现出来的满足与快乐,在句中常用作表语,其主语为人。 The two friends were very pleased to see each other again. 这两个朋友非常高兴再次见面。

I was pleased that the manager had decided not to be angry with me. 使我高兴的是经理已经不再生我的气了。

◎pleasant也是形容词,表示“使人感到愉快/满意”,一般用作定语,如主语是物,也可以用作表语。

It’s pleasant weather today. 今天的天气令人愉快。 It’s very pleasant to sit down after standing for hours. 站了几小时后坐下来很舒服。

◎please是动词,表示“(使)高兴,满意,愉快”。 Does the cloth please you? 这布料合你的意吗?

15. Because I can’t use my arms or legs well, normal things like answering the telephone, opening and shutting doors, or carrying things have always been difficult for me. (P66)因为我不能灵活地使用我的手和脚,像接电话、开关门、拿东西这样的事情对于我来说都很难。 (1)本句中的shut意为“关”,在许多情况下可以与close互换,只是后者语气较弱,如close the door关门(也可能指半开半闭),shut the door关门(指把门关紧)。 That shop shuts at eight pm. 那家商店八点钟关门。

He closed his speech with a funny joke. 他用一个有趣的笑话结束了演说。 ◎当表示“关闭公路,铁路或交通工具”或作“结束”讲时,只用close。 They have closed the road for thick fog. 由于大雾,那条公路被关闭。

特别提示

turn off用来表示“关闭”有开关的东西,如收音机、电视、煤气、水龙头等。 Please turn off the light when you leave the lab. 在你离开实验室前关掉灯。

Make sure the gas is turned off before you go to bed. 确保上床前把煤气关掉。

(2)本句中的carry意为“搬运,携带”,不表示带到什么地方,而携带的方式可以是提、扛、背、抱、抬等。

She carried a baby in her arms. 她怀里抱了一个孩子。

He was carrying a wooden box on his shoulder.他扛着一个木箱。 特别提示

在后面“Lucky! Fetch my book.”一句中出现的fetch相当于go and bring back,意为“取来,

接来”,表示一往一返。

Let’s fetch some water. 咱们去打点水来。

People had to walk many kilometers in order to fetch wood. 为了取木料,人们不得不走许多公里路。

Unit 9 When was it invented?

重点、难点、考点及疑点注释

1. They’re used for seeing in the dark. (P69)它们被用于在黑夜里观看。

be used for表示“被用来做??”,介词for表示目的和用途,后面接名词或动词-ing形式。 Wood can be used for making paper.木材可以被用来造纸。 知识拓展

含有be used的常用短语:

◎be used as表示“被用作??”,介词as意思是“作为”的意思,其后一般接名词,强调使用的工具及手段。

This book can be used as a textbook.这本书可以当作教科书来用。 ◎be used by表示“被??使用”,by后接动作的执行者。 This kind of machine is used by farmers for getting in crops. 农民们用这种机器来收割庄稼。

2. I think the most helpful invention is the light bulb. (P70)我认为最有用的发明是灯泡。 helpful是由名词help加上-ful后缀构成的形容词,意为“有帮助的”,类似的形容词还有: thank—thankful (感谢的,感激的) grate—grateful(感谢的,感激的) use—useful (有用的) wonder—wonderful(令人惊奇的) forget—forgetful (健忘的) success—successful(成功的) beauty—beautiful (美丽的) pain—painful(疼痛的)

3. I’d like to have a radio because I could listen to music all day. (P70)我想有一个收音机,这样我就可以整天听音乐了。

本句中的情态动词could用来表示逻辑上或理论上的可能性,而不是某种实际上将要发生或正在发生的可能性。

Anybody could make mistake.任何人都可能犯错误。

The weather here could be very cold in winter. 冬天这儿的天气很冷。 特别提示

could也表示人或动物的内在能力,有某种知识或者技能而能够做某事。

He hurt his foot and couldn’t play soccer. 他的脚受了伤,所以他不能踢足球了。

4. The potato chips were invented by mistake. (P71)土豆条的发明纯属歪打正着。

(1) potato chips是一个复合名词,其中第一个名词用作定语修饰后一个名词,这样的例子有很多,又如: alarm clock, telephone number等。 知识拓展

复合名词变复数的规则,你一定要牢记啊!

◎通常只把主体名词变为复数

school boy—school boys(男生) apple tree—apple trees(苹果树) vegetable sandwich—vegetable sandwiches(蔬菜三明治) girl friend—girl friends(女朋友)

◎如果没有主体名词,在最后一个名词上用复数。

good-for-nothing—good-for-nothings(饭桶、无用的人)

three-year-old—three-year-olds(三岁的孩子)

◎由man, woman和另外一个名词构成的复合名词,两个部分都要用复数。 man teacher—men teachers(男教师)

gentleman farmer—gentlemen farmers (乡绅)

(2)by mistake 表示“错误地(因粗心、遗忘等所致)”。

Sorry, I took your bag by mistake. 对不起,我错拿了你的手提包。 短语链语

mistake ... for “错把??当作??”

5. George Crum cooked them for a long time until they were crispy. (P71)George Crum将它们做了很长时间,直到它们变脆了。

until常用作介词或连词,用来引导介词短语或从句在句子中作时间状语。 ◎在肯定句中,until与延续性、持续性动词连用,表示“直到??为止”。 I worked until late in the afternoon. 我一直干到下午很晚的时候。

◎在否定句中,until常与瞬间动词、短暂性动词连用,表示“直到??才??”,“不到??不??”。 The rain didn’t stop until midnight. 雨直到半夜才停。

I won’t leave until you promise to help me. 你不答应帮助我,我不会离开。

6. And he sprinkled lots of salt on them so they were salty. (P71) 然后,他在上面撒很多盐,这样它们就咸了。 (1)sprinkle 是“撒、洒”的意思,常构成sprinkle A on/over B 或sprinkle B with A表示“撒(某物)于(某物的表面)”。

She sprinkled sand along the icy path. 她往结冰的路上撒了些沙子。 He sprinkled vinegar on his fish and chips. 他往鱼和土豆上洒了些醋。

(2)salt是不可数名词,其形容词是salty。在英语中,很多名词后加-y可以构成形容词,表示“充满/包含??”,其意思与原来词汇的意思相同,只是词性不同,如cloud—cloudy, hair—hairy, rose—rosy, sleep—sleepy等。

7. Some leaves from a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time. (P72)附近丛林里的一些树叶掉进了水里,并留在那里很长时间。 (1) fall into在这里是“落入、陷入”的意思。

Some ash fell into my cup. 一些灰掉进我的杯子里了。

A ripe fruit happened to fall into his hand. 一个熟了的果子碰巧掉在他手里。 (2)fall into有时也可以作“开始”解。

He fell into conversation with me. 他开始和我谈起话来。

(3)remain 表示“继续、依然、停留”,后面接名词,动词不定式。 He remained a prisoner for the rest of his life. 他的余生都在牢中度过。

It sounds a good idea, but it remains to be seen whether it will succeed.听起来这是个好注意,可是它能否成功,要等以后才能知晓。

(4)remain后面也可以接副词或介词短语。

She remains in the house all these days. 她这些天一直呆在那栋房子里。

Three out of four of them remained single. 他们四个人中有三个人还是单身。 特别提示

remain还有“剩下、残余”的意思。

I can’t go to the cinema because I have a lot of homework remained undone.


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