洗瓶机推瓶机构的CAD及分析
作 者 姓 名 专 业 指导教师姓名专业技术职务
宋鑫鹏 机械与汽车工程学院 李春玲 讲师中教一级
摘 要 ........................................... 1 ABSTRACT..............................................................................................................2
第一章 平面连杆机构的运动综合 .......................................................3
1.1 概述 ............................................... 3 1.2 刚体位移矩阵....................................... 3 1.3 刚体导引机构的综合 ................................. 4 1.3.1 R-R导引构件（连架杆）的位移约束方程——定长方程.... 4 1.3.2 P-R 导引构件（连架杆）的位移约束方程 .............. 5 1.3.3 给定连杆三个位置的机构综合 ........................ 5 1.3.4 算例及程序设计 ................................... 7 1.4 函数生成机构的综合 ................................. 8 1.4.1 铰链四杆机构的相对位移矩阵及位移约束方程........... 8 1.4.2 曲柄滑块机构的相对位移矩阵及位移约束方程.......... 10 1.4.3 两连架杆对应位置及精确点的确定 ................... 11 1.4.4 实现三个精确位置函数生成机构的综合 ............... 12 1.4.5 算例及程序设计 ................................... 13 1.5 四杆机构传动角 ..................................... 14
第二章 凸轮机构运动分析及设计 ................. 16
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2.1 从动件常用运动规律 ................................ 16 2.11基本名词和术语 .................................... 16 2.1.2 从动件常用运动规律 .............................. 16 2.1.3 从动件运动线图生成的程序设计 ..................... 16 2.2 直动平底从动件盘形凸轮机构凸轮廓线的设计 ............ 17 2.3 凸轮机构基本尺寸的确定 ............................ 18 2.3.1 盘形凸轮机构压力角与基本尺寸的关系 ............... 18 2.3.2 平底直动从动件盘形凸轮机构凸轮基圆半径的确定 ...... 20 2.3.3 平底直动从动件盘形凸轮机构平底宽度的确定.......... 21
第三章 应用实例 .............................. 22
3.1设计题目----洗瓶机的推瓶机构 ....................... 22 3.1.1原始数据和设计要求............................... 222 3.1.2设计方案及讨论 ................................... 22
谢 辞 ........................................... 24 参考文献 ......................................... 25
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山东轻工业学院2012届本科生毕业设计（论文）
摘 要
机械原理课程设计是使学生全面、系统掌握和深化机械原理课程的基本原理和方法的重要环节，是培养学生机械运动方案设计、创新设计以及应用计算机对工程实际各种机构进行分析和设计能力的一门课程。培养学生综合运用所学知识，理论联系实际，独立思考与分析问题的能力和创新能力。
机械运动方案的设计方法主要有图解法、解析法两大类。图解法是运用某些等，通过几何作图求得结果，其显著优点是可以将分析和设计结果清晰的表现在图纸上，直观、形象、概念明确。其缺点是作图繁琐，精度不高，设计精度低，只能用于问题简单而且精度要求不高的场合，对于较为复杂的问题就很难解决。解析法是以机构参数来表达各构件间的函数关系，建立机构的位置方程或机构的封闭环路方程运用解方程的方法求解未知量。此方法求解精度高，能解决较复杂的问题，借助计算机可以避免大量人工重复计算，迅速获得计算结果，随着计算机技术和数值计算方法的迅速发展，解析法已得到广泛的应用。
本毕业设计正是应上述两个教学目标而提出，避开图解法的精度低、应用范围窄的缺点，以解析法为基础，利用PROE进行动画的仿真，充分表达出洗瓶机推瓶机构的CAD分析。
本设计在机械原理和机械设计等专业课程的基础上,通过Visual Basic这一面向对象的计算机语言，实现了平面连杆机构的运动综合、利用PROE进行了凸轮机构的设计及动画仿真以及洗瓶机推瓶机构创新设计的全过程。在洗瓶机推瓶机构的设计中，通过比较集中不同的方案，选择了双凸轮杠杆机构，并利用PROE完成了洗瓶机推瓶机构的动画仿真。
关键字：机械原理 推瓶机构 动画仿真 双凸轮
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山东轻工业学院2012届本科生毕业设计（论文）
ABSTRACT
Mechanical principles of curriculum design is to make students fully master and deepen the important part of the course the basic principles of mechanical principles and methods is to develop students' mechanical movement design, innovative design and application of computer analysis and design engineering a variety of institutions of a course. Students to apply the knowledge, theory with practice, independent thinking and ability to analyze issues and innovation capacity.
Mechanical movement the way to design the graphical method, analytical method, two major categories. Graphic method is to use, etc., the results obtained through geometric constructions, its significant advantage is the clear performance results of the analysis and design drawings, visual image, a clear concept. The disadvantage is the complicated plot, the accuracy is not high design accuracy, only for the simple and less precision occasions, difficult to solve more complex problems.
The analytical method is based on the institutional parameters to express the functional relationship between the various components, and institution-building location equation or the closed loop equation method for solving equations that the unknown quantity. This method is high accuracy and can solve more complex problems, with a computer can avoid a lot of artificial double counting, rapid calculation, with the rapid development of computer technology and numerical methods, analytical method has been widely used.
This graduation project is the teaching objectives of these two, to avoid the low accuracy of the graphic method, the narrow scope of application of the shortcomings, the analytical method based PROE animation, simulation, and bottle washer bottle pushing agencies to fully express Analysis of the CAD.The design on the basis of mechanical principles, and mechanical design courses through the Visual Basic object-oriented computer language, to achieve the kinematic synthesis of planar linkage, the use of PROE a cam mechanism design and animation, simulation and Bottle machine to push the whole process of the innovative design of the bottle bodies. In the design of the bottle washer bottle pushing through the more concentrated the different options, select the cam lever, and take advantage the PROE completion of the bottle washer bottle pushing the animated simulation.
Keywords: mechanical principles ；push the bottle bodies ；animated ；simulation of dual-cam
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