that American high school students most commonly take. Another one is the ACT.
Colleges and universities may also require international students to take the TOEFL (the Test of English as a Foreign Language).
If you have a general question for our Foreign Students Series, write to special@voanews.com
Q: What will the author most probably talk about next/ A. SAT [分析]:
B. ACT
C. FSS
D. TOEFL
释义题 解推断题最主要的方法是根据词义关系推断具体细节。?
具体策略：
1.通过辨认细节的技巧 2.借助常识 3.务必要用排除法 4.词句段篇，相互交融 5.词的深刻内涵。 答题核心 答题关键一：表面含义选项常为干扰项。
答题关键二：采用三句定位法：上一句，所在句，和下一句;同时关注暗示词
三句定位的关键是要判断所考察短语与三句中某部分的关系。
题型分析 考纲内词汇： 考察词汇在特定上下文中选取特定含义的能力 考纲外词汇： 考察根据上下文推断生词含义的能力
陌生短语： 考察根据上下文理解推断短语在特定上下文中含义的能力
句子： 考察根据上下文推断句子含义的能力
●同义关系
同义关系指考察对象与上下文中的某部分含义一致。此时，可直接将上下文中含义一
致的部分作为考察对象的含义答题即可。例如，假如文章中提到“…A and B…”考察对象为A，而B短语已知，A的含义就是B短语的含义。
关键词：in other word, and, also, that is, xxx (名词) + 定语从句;xxx (名词) + be + 名词或者从句;xxx (名词) + 同位语;xxx (名词) + be called /mean …
●反义关系
反义关系指考察对象与上下文中某部分的含义相反。此时，可直接将上下文中含义的相反部分作为考察对象的含义答题即可。
关键词：but, not, yet, however, although, though, while
●表面含义
一般来说，释义题的干扰项常常是词、短语或句子的表面含义。实际上，释义题考查的更像是根据上下文猜测词、短语、句子的能力，而不是对考查内容的解能力。有趣的是，考查内容的字面意义到成了出题人编写错误选项的一个出发点。
A. 根据定义、解释和复述猜测词义。这种情况下，生词往往出现在前面，定义或解释跟在生词的后面，由or或破折号引出。因此只要找准并正确理解生词的释义，生词的含义也就清楚了。释义部分可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子。在做这类题时，要注意生词与复述部分往往构成同位语，在句中多用逗号、破折号、冒号、分号等来连接。
例：…In another survey, 79% of teens agreed that people at their age aren’t careful enough when giving out information about themselves online. Besides, careless blogging can also affect blog viewers. When you are angry or frustrated, your blog is the first place you turn to. The words you post then may not be rational which you may regret later. To minimize the negative effect, change the permission setting and make such posts “private” so that only you can read them.
As long as you are careful with what you post, blogging is a great means of staying in touch Q: The underlined word “rational” probably means____. A. strange [分析]:
B. 根据因果关系猜测词义。因果关系总是同时出现在文章中，有时原因在前，结果在后；有时结果在前，原因在后，因此我们可以根据这一特定的逻辑关系来推测生词的含义。
例：…Technology greatly influences our standpoint on how fast we think everything needs to be done. If you put a dollar in the soda machine, you expect the bottle to move forward and fall down to the bottom. You can’t count how many times you’ve smacked the machine if it went too slow for your expectations. You wanted instant results, immediate fulfillment.…
Q: The underlined word “smacked” in the paragraph probably means____. A. clapped [分析]:
C. 根据搭配、对比关系猜测词义。有时分析句子结构，辨别句子成分，分清搭配关系，
B. hit
C. kicked
D. pushed
B. perfect
C. helpful
D. reasonable
with friends and displaying one’s creative works.
是判断词义的前提，通过搭配关系得以确定划线名词指代的对象是人还是物。另外，转折词but、让步条件状语从句以及unlike, in spite of, despite, however等一些介词和副词都可以构成意义上的对比关系。
例：Fine art treasures from many countries are kept in an art museum called the Louvre in Paris, France. The works of art have been collected by the people of France over many centuries. The Louvre has not always been a museum. The first building was a fort. In 1190, it was the king’s castle with high walls and a round tower. It had a moat to keep out his enemies. Over the years, the number of buildings around the castle grew. By 1350, the castle was no longer needed as a fort. The Louvre became a palace home for French kings and queens.
Q: The underlined word “moat” probably means____.
A. a high tower built in former times where soldiers watched out for enemies B. a long and deep ditch dug round a castle and was usually filled with water C. a cart pulled by horses on which soldiers fought D. a long and high wall around castle [分析]:
阅读理解实战练习辅导
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Parents often believe that they have a good relationship with their teenagers（青少年）. But last summer, Joanna and Henry noticed a change in their older son: suddenly he seemed to be talking far more to his friends than to his parents. “The door to his room is always shut.” Joanna noted.
Tina and Mark noticed similar changes in their 14-year-old daughter. “She used to cuddle up（蜷伏）with me on the sofa and talk ,” said Mark . “Now we joke that she does this only when she wants something. Sometimes she wants to be treated like a little girl and sometimes like a young lady. The problem is figuring out which time is which. ”
Before age 11, children like to tell their parents what’s on their minds. “In fact, parents are first on the list.” said Michael Rita, author of Uncommon Sense for Parents with Teenagers. “This completely changes during the teen years.” Rita explained. “They talk to their friends first, then maybe their teachers, and their parents last.”
Parents who know what’s going on in their teenagers’ lives are in the best position to help them. To break down the wall of silence, parents should create chances to understand what their children want to say , and try to find ways to talk and write to them . And they must give their children a mental break, for children also need freedom, though young. Another thing, parents should remember is that to be a friend, not a manager, with their children is a better way to know them.
36. “The door to his room is always shut” suggests that the son .
A. is always busy with his studies B. doesn’t want to be disturbed C. keeps himself away from his parents D. begins to dislike his parents 37. What troubles Tina and Mark most is that .
A. their daughter isn’t as lovely as before
B. they can’t read their daughter’s mind exactly C. they don’t know what to say to their daughter
D. their daughter talks with them only when she needs help
38. Which of the following best explains “the wall of silence” in the last paragraph ? A. Teenagers talk a lot with their friends.
B. Teenagers do not want to understand their parents. C. Teenagers do not talk much with their parents. D. Teenagers talk little about their own lives. 39. What can be learned from the passage?
A. Parents are unhappy with their growing children.
B. Parents have suitable ways to talk with their teenagers. C. Parents should be patient with their silent teenagers. D. Parents should try to understand their teenagers.
B
The private automobile（私家车）has long played an important role in the United States. In fact, it has become a necessary and important part of the American way of life. In 1986, sixty-nine percent of American families owned at least one car, and thirty-eight percent had more than one. By giving workers rapid transportation, the automobile has freed them from having to live near their place of work. This has encouraged the growth of the cities, but it has also led to traffic problems.
For farm families the automobile is very helpful. It has made it possible for them to travel to town very often for business and for pleasure, and also to transport their children to distant schools.
Family life has been affected in various ways, The car helps to keep families together when it is used for picnics, outings, and other shared experiences. However, when teenage children have the use of the car, their parents can't keep an eye on them. There is a great danger if the driver has been drinking alcohol or taking drugs, or showing off by speeding or breaking down traffic laws. Mothers of victims（受害者）of such accidents have formed an organization called MADD（Mothers Against Drunk Driving）. These women want to prevent further tragedies（悲剧）. They have worked to encourage the government to limit the youngest drinking age. Students have formed a similar organization, SADD（Students Against Drunk Driving）and are spreading the same message among their friends.
For many Americans the automobile is a necessity. But for some, it is also a mark of social position and for young people, a sign of becoming an adult. Altogether, cars mean very much to Americans.
40. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text? A. Cars have encouraged the growth of the cities.
B. Cars can bring families together when they go for picnics.
C. Cars have enabled people to live far from their place of work.
D. Cars help city families to transport their children to faraway schools. 41. What has been done to deal with the problem of drunk driving? A. Patents have paid more attention to their children.
B. Some organizations have been set up against drunk driving.
C. Mothers have tried to persuade their children not to drink alcohol. D. University students have asked the government to solve the problem. 42. We can infer from the text that ____________ in America. A. it will be more difficult for people to get new cars
B. parents will not allow their children to have their own cars
C. the government will encourage people to use public transportation D. cars will still be popular though they have caused many problems
C
Since many of you are planning to study at a college or university in this country, you may be curious to know what you usually do in a typical week, how you can get along with your fellow students, and so on. These are the questions I want to discuss with you today.
First, let’s talk about what your weekly schedule will look like. No matter what your major may be, you can expect to spend between four and six hours a week for each class attending lectures. Lectures are usually in very large rooms because some courses such as introduction to sociology or economics often have as many as two or three hundred students, especially at large universities. In lectures, it’s very important for you to take notes on what the professor says because the information in a lecture is often different from the information in your textbooks. Also, you can expect to have exam questions based on the lectures. So it isn’t enough to just read your textbooks; you have to attend lectures as well. In a typical week you will also have a couple of hours of discussion for every class you take. The discussion section is a small group meeting usually with fewer than thirty students where you can ask questions about the lectures, the reading, and the homework. In large universities, graduate students, called teaching assistants, usually direct discussion sections.
If your major is chemistry, or physics, or another science, you’ll also have to spend several hours a week in the lab, or laboratory, doing experiments. This means that science majors spend more time in the classroom than non science majors do. On the other hand, people who major in subjects like literature or history usually have to read and write more than science majors do.
43. The main purpose of this text is .
A. to help the students to learn about university life B. to persuade the students to attend lectures
C. to encourage the students to take part in discussions D. to advise the students to choose proper majors