青岛理工大学毕业设计(论文)
摘 要
供配电系统是电力系统的电能用户。电力系统和供配电系统的概念、电力系统的额定电压、电力系统的中性点的运行方式、电能的质量指标和电力负荷等基本知识是做供配电技术所必需的。做好供配电工作，对于促进工业生产、降低产品成本、实线生产自动化和工业现代化及表彰人民生活有着十分重要的意义。 此论文对学生公寓进行了负荷分析和计算，同时对负荷进行了无功功率的补偿。在这个基础上又比较分析了宿舍楼配电系统的接线方案，确定接线方案之后根据技术规范进行了电气主设备的选型。
对于主电气设备的选型主要包括主要高压开关柜（包括高压断路器、高压负荷开关等）的选择、主要低压成套开关设备（包括低压熔断器、低压断路器、隔离开关等）的选择。并于最后做了各主要电气设备的校验，绘制了校验表。 此论文最终完成了学生公寓供配电的设计，完全能够满足学生生活对于电力的需求，但是针对宿舍的防雷与消防保护方面并未太多涉及，也是本篇论文的不足之处。
关键词：学生公寓，供配电，电力负荷，电气主结线，选择校验
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青岛理工大学毕业设计(论文)
ABSTRACT
Power supply and distribution system is the power user of electric power system . The concept of the power system and power supply system, the rated voltage of power system, power system’s operation mode, power quality indices and power load and other basic knowledge are necessary for power distribution technology.Do a good job of distribution, for the promotion of industrial production, reduce product cost, solid production automation and industrial modernization and commend people life is very important.
This paper completed the load calculation and analysis of the student apartmen , at the same time completed the compensation of reactive power.
On this basis, this paper completes some wiring schemes and determines the wiring scheme according to the technical specification of the main electrical equipment selection. The selection of the main electrical equipments mainly includes the main high voltage switch cabinet (including high voltage circuit breaker, high-voltage load switch and so on) selection, main low-voltage switch equipment (including low-voltage fuse, low-voltage breaker, isolating switch) selection. And finally made the main electrical equipment calibration, and drew the list of checking. This paper finally completed the power distribution design of the student apartments, fully able to meet students demand for electricity. But it didn’t involve the dormitory lightning protection and fire protection so much, this is is also the deficiencies.
KEY WORDS: Power Supply, Electrical Design, Distribution, Load Calculation
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青岛理工大学毕业设计(论文)
目 录
摘 要...............................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT.................................................................................................................. II 第1章 绪 论................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 供配电系统设计在国内外形势.................................................................... 1 1.2 毕业设计的要求与目的................................................................................ 1 第2章 课题描述.......................................................................................................... 2
2.1 设计目的及要求.............................................................................................. 2
2.1.1 设计的目的............................................................................................ 2 2.1.2 设计的要求............................................................................................ 2 2.1.3设计的意义............................................................................................. 2 2.2 设计依据.......................................................................................................... 3 2.3 设计任务.......................................................................................................... 3 第3章 负荷计算.......................................................................................................... 5
3.1 负荷分级及供电要求...................................................................................... 5
3.1.1 电力负荷的分级.................................................................................... 5 3.1.2 各级电力负荷对电源的要求................................................................ 5 3.1.3 本设计负荷分级.................................................................................... 6 3.2 学生宿舍楼负荷计算...................................................................................... 6 第4章 无功补偿及变压器的选择.............................................................................. 9
4.1 无功补偿的目的.............................................................................................. 9
4.1.1 无功功率................................................................................................ 9 4.1.2 影响功率因数的主要因素.................................................................... 9 4.1.3 提高自然功率因数的方法.................................................................... 9 4.2 无功补偿方法................................................................................................ 10
4.2.1 无功补偿装置的选择.......................................................................... 10 4.2.2 无功补偿装置的安装方法.................................................................. 11 4.3 无功补偿初步计算........................................................................................ 12 4.4 变压器的选择................................................................................................ 12
4.4.1 电力变压器的类型选择...................................................................... 12 4.4.2 电力变压器的台数和容量选择.......................................................... 13 4.4.3 电力变压器的过负荷能力.................................................................. 14 4.4.4 变压器类型的确定.............................................................................. 14
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青岛理工大学毕业设计(论文)
4.5 无功补偿及变压器方案的确定.................................................................... 15 第5章 宿舍楼配电系统的接线方案........................................................................ 16
5.1 宿舍楼配电系统接线方案............................................................................ 16 第6章 短路电流的计算............................................................................................ 18
6.1 短路电流计算概述........................................................................................ 18
6.1.1 短路的类型.......................................................................................... 18 6.1.2 短路计算的目的.................................................................................. 18 6.1.3 短路计算的假定条件.......................................................................... 18 6.2 电路短路电流的计算.................................................................................... 19
6.2.1 计算电路图.......................................................................................... 19 6.2.2 短路电流的计算（标幺制法）.......................................................... 19
第7章 主线路线型及电气设备的选择.................................................................... 22
7.1 主线路线型选择............................................................................................ 22
7.1.1 导体材料的选择.................................................................................. 22 7.1.2 普通电缆绝缘材料及护套选择......................................................... 22 7.1.3 主线路线型选择.................................................................................. 25 7.1.4 导线截面及配电箱的选择.................................................................. 25 7.1.5 总干线.................................................................................................. 26 7.2 主要高压开关柜的选择................................................................................ 27
7..2.1 高压成套装置..................................................................................... 27 7.2.2 预装式变电站高压单元常用成套装置.............................................. 27 7.2.3 交流高压负荷开关.............................................................................. 28 7.2.4 高压断路器.......................................................................................... 28 7.2.5 本设计负荷开关柜的选择.................................................................. 28 7.3 主要低压成套开关设备和控制设备柜体选择............................................ 29
7.3.1 低压成套开关设备和控制设备.......................................................... 29 7.3.2 低压成套开关设备和控制设备的分类.............................................. 29 7.3.3 低压断路器.......................................................................................... 30 7.3.4 开关、隔离开关及熔断器组合电器.................................................. 30
第8章 电器校验........................................................................................................ 32
8.1 校验................................................................................................................ 32
8.1.1 低压电器校验...................................................................................... 32 8.1.2 导线校验.............................................................................................. 32
结论与展望.................................................................................................................. 35
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青岛理工大学毕业设计(论文)
致谢.............................................................................................................................. 36 参考文献...................................................................................................................... 37 附 录............................................................................................................................ 38 附录 1..…………………………………………………………………………………….....…38 附录 2………………………………………………………………………….…….39 附录 3………………………………………………………………………………..40
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