Main capacity：
Listed below are the main Verilog hardware description language ability *Basic logic gate, and, for example, or have embedded in the language and nand
* Users of the original definition of the term (UDP), the flexibility. Users can be defined in the original language combinations logic original language, the original language of logic could also be time series
* Switches class infrastructure models, such as the nmos and pmos also be embedded in the language
* Hin-language structure designated for the cost of printing the design and trails Shi Shi and design time series checks.
* Available three different ways to design or mixed mode modelling. These methods include : acts described ways - use process of structural modelling; Data flow approach - use of a modelling approach Fuzhi expression; Structured way - using examples of words to describe modular doors and modelling.
* Verilog HDL has two types of data : data types and sequence data line network types. Line network types that the physical links between components and sequence types that abstract data storage components.
* To describe the level design, the structure can be used to describe any level module example * Design size can be arbitrary; Language is design size (size) impose any restrictions * Verilog HDL is no longer the exclusive language of certain companies but IEEE standards. * And the machine can read Verilog language, it may as EDA tools and languages of the world between the designers
* Verilog HDL language to describe capacity through the use of programming language interface (PLI) mechanism further expansion. PLI is to allow external functions of the visit Verilog module information, allowing designers and simulator world Licheng assembly
* Design to be described at a number of levels, from the switch level, doors level, register transfer level (RTL) to the algorithm level, including the level of process and content * To use embedded switching level of the original language in class switch design integrity modelling
* Same language can be used to generate simulated incentive and certification by the designated testing conditions, such as the value of imports of the designated
*Verilog HDL simulation to monitor the implementation of certification, the certification process of implementing the simulation can be designed to monitor and demonstrate value. These values can be used to compare with the expectations that are not matched in the case of print news reports.
* Acts described in the class, not only in the RTL level Verilog HDL design description, and to describe their level architecture design algorithm level behavioural description
* Examples can use doors and modular structure of language in a class structure described * Verilog HDL mixed mode modelling capabilities in the design of a different design in each module can level modelling
* Verilog HDL has built-in logic function, such as
*Structure of high-level programming languages, such as conditions of expression, and the cycle of expression language, language can be used * To it and can display regular modelling * Provide a powerful document literacy
* Language in the specific circumstances of non-certainty that in the simulator, different models can produce different results; For example, describing events in the standard sequence of events is not defined.
5、In troduction of DSP
Today, DSP is w idely used in the modern techno logy and it has been the key part of many p roducts and p layed more and mo re impo rtant ro le in our daily life.Recent ly, Northw estern Po lytechnica lUniversity Aviation Microelect ronic Center has comp leted the design of digital signal signal p rocesso r co re NDSP25, w h ich is aim ing at TM S320C25 digital signal p rocesso r of Texas Inst rument TM S320 series. By using top 2dow n design flow , NDSP25 is compat ible w ith inst ruct ion and interface t im ing of TM S320C25.
Digital signal processors (DSP) is a fit for real-time digital signal processing for high-speed dedicated processors, the main variety used for real-time digital signal processing to achieve rapid algorithms. In today's digital age background, the DSP has become the communications, computer, and consumer electronics products, and other fields based device.
Digital signal processors and digital signal processing is inseparably, we usually say \this digital signal processors Lane. Digital signal processing is a cover many disciplines applied to many areas and disciplines, refers to the use of computers or specialized processing equipment, the signals in digital form for the collection, conversion, recovery, valuation, enhancement, compression, identification, processing, the signals are compliant form. Digital signal processors for digital signal processing devices, it is accompanied by a digital signal processing to produce. DSP development process is broadly divided into three phases : the 20th century to the 1970s theory that the 1980s and 1990s for the development of products. Before the emergence of the digital signal processing in the DSP can only rely on microprocessors (MPU) to complete. However, the advantage of lower high-speed real-time processing can not meet the requirements. Therefore, until the 1970s, a talent made based DSP theory and algorithms. With LSI technology development in 1982 was the first recipient of the world gave birth to the DSP chip. Years later, the second generation based on CMOS
工艺 DSP chips have emerged. The late 1980s, the advent of the third generation of DSP chips. DSP is the fastest-growing 1990s, there have been four successive five-generation and the generation DSP devices. After 20 years of development, the application of DSP products has been extended to people's learning, work and all aspects of life and gradually become electronics products determinants.
数字滤波器的仿真与实现
随着信息时代和数字世界的到来，数字信号处理已成为当今一门极其重要的学科和技术领域。数字信号处理在通信、语音、图像、自动控制、雷达、军事、航空航天、医疗和家用电器等众多领域得到了广泛的应用。在数字信号处理应用中，数字滤波器十分重要并已获得广泛应用。
1、数字滤波器介绍： 模拟和数字滤波器
在信号处理、过滤功能是一个不排除部分信息,如随机噪音、提取有用的信号部分,如部分地势在一定的频率范围.
以下方框图说明基本思路.
有两大类型的滤波器, 模拟滤波器以及数字滤波器，他们有完全不同的物理结构，如何工作. 类比电子电路模拟用的过滤部分组成，例如由电阻、电容和生产所需的过滤效果. 这种过滤器被广泛使用于电路减少噪音等方面的应用,提高视频信号、图像均衡的高科技传真系统等众多领域. 有完善的技术标准设计的模拟电路进行过滤特定要求. 在各个阶段,是一个信号,是电机电压和过滤,目前直接的物理模拟量(例如声音或视频信号和变频器生产)处理. 数码过滤用数字进行数值计算处理器的信号抽样值. 处理器的可能通用计算机等PC或专业发展计划图(数字信号处理器)芯片. 模拟信号必须先投入使用的取样和数码艺术发展局(模拟到数字转换器). 由此二元多,占抽样连续输入信号的价值,转移到处理器,进行数字计算. 这些计算通常涉及多方面的投入和增加产品价值的共同因素. 如有必要,这些计算结果,现在是抽样信号值的过滤,产出通过发展援助委员会(类比数位转换器来)信号转换回模拟形式.
看到一个数字过滤,信号是由一系列数字,而不是电压或逆流. 以下图表显示了这种制度的基本格局：
滤波器是指用来对输入信号进行滤波的硬件或软件。如果滤波器的输入、输出都是离散信号，则该滤波器的冲击响应也必然是离散的，这样的滤波器定义为数字滤波器。数字滤波器的功能，就是把输入序列X通过一定的运算变换成输出序列Y。
根据数字滤波器冲激响应函数的时域特性，可将数字滤波器分为两种，即无限长冲激相应IIR滤波器和有限长冲激响应FIR滤波器。IIR数字滤波器的优点是可以利用模拟滤波器设计的结果，而模拟滤波器的设计有大量图表可查，方便简单。它的缺点是相位的非线性；若需要线性相位，则要采用全通网络进行相位校正。图象处理以及数据采集传输都要求滤波器具有线性相位特性。而FIR数字滤波器可以实现线性相位，又可具有任意幅度特性。从数字滤波器的单位冲击响应来看，可分为两大类：有限冲击响应（FIR）数字滤波器和无限冲击响应（IIR）数字滤波器。
FIR滤波器却可以得到严格的线性相位，然而由于FIR滤波器的系统函数的极点固定在原点，所以只能用较高的阶数来实现其高选择性，对于同样的滤波器设计指标，FIR滤波器所要求的阶数要比IIR高5至10倍，所以成本较高，信号延迟也较大。但是如果要求相同的线性相位，则IIR滤波器就必须加全通网络进行相位校正，同样也要增加滤波器网络的节数和复杂性。FIR滤波器可以用非递归的方法实现，在有限精度下不会产生振荡，同时由于量化舍入以及系数的不确定性所引起的误差的影响要比IIR滤波器小的多，并且FIR滤波器可以采用FFT算法，运算速度快。但是不象IIR滤波器可以借助模拟滤波器的成果，FIR滤波器没有现成的计算公式，必须要用计算机辅助设计软件（如MATLAB）来计算。由此可知，FIR滤波器应用比较广，而IIR滤波器则用在相位要求不是很严格的场合。
滤波器从功能上分又可分为如下4类: (1)低通滤波器(LPF)； (2)高通滤波器(HPF )； (3)带通滤波器(BPF )； (4)带阻滤波器(BSF)。
理想滤波器的幅频特性下图虚线为： 2、MATLAB介绍：
MATLAB是矩阵实验室（Matrix Laboratory）之意。除具备卓越的数值计算能力外，它还提供了专业水平的符号计算，文字处理，可视化建模仿真和实时控制等功能。MATLAB作为世界顶尖的数学应用软件，以其强大的工程计算、算法研究、工程绘图、应用程序开发、数据分析和动态仿真等功能，
在航空航天、机械制造和工程建筑等领域发挥着越来越重要的作用。而C语言功能丰富，使用灵活方便，目标程序效率高。既有高级语言的优点，又有低级语言的特点。因此，C语言是目前应用最广的编程语言。虽然MATLAB是一个完整的、功能齐全的编程环境，但在某些情况下，与外部环境的数据和程序的交互是非常必须而且有益的。利用MATLAB设计滤波器，可以随时对比设计要求和滤波器特性调整参数，直观简便，极大的减轻了工作量，有利于滤波器设计的最优化。
A1(f) A2(f)
1 1
0 fc2 f 0 fc2 f (a) (b) A3(f) A4(f)
1 1
0 fc1 fc2 f 0 fc1 fc2 f (c) (d) 图中四类滤波器的幅频特性 (a)低通 (b)高通 (c)带通 (d)带阻
在电力系统微机保护和二次控制中，很多信号的处理与分析都是基于正旋基波和某些整次谐波而进行的，而系统电压电流信号（尤其是故障瞬变过程）中混有各种复杂成分，所以滤波器一直是电力系统二次装置的关键部件。目前微机保护和二次信号处理软件主要采用数字滤波器。传统的数字滤波器设计使用繁琐的公式计算，改变参数后需要重新计算，在设计滤波器尤其是高阶滤波器时工作量很大。利用MATLAB信号处理箱可以快速有效地实现数字滤波器的设计与仿真。
MATLAB的基本数据单位是矩阵，它的指令表达式与数学,工程中常用的形式十分相似,故用MATLAB来解算问题要比用C,FORTRAN等语言完相同的事情简捷得多.当前流行的MATLAB
5.3/Simulink3.0包括拥有数百个内部函数的主包和三十几种工具包(Toolbox)。工具包又可以分为功能性工具包和学科工具包.功能工具包用来扩充MATLAB的符号计算,可视化建模仿真,文字处理及实时控制等功能.学科工具包是专业性比较强的工具包,控制工具包,信号处理工具包,通信工具包等都属于此类。
开放性使MATLAB广受用户欢迎.除内部函数外,所有MATLAB主包文件和各种工具包都是可读可修改的文件,用户通过对源程序的修改或加入自己编写程序构造新的专用工具包。
3、数字滤波器的设计