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end computer load greatly , have alleviated system to defend workload and the cost with upgrading , have reduced the overall cost of user ( TCO ). With present technology see , local area network the network application that establishes the structure of B/S , and under the pattern of Internet/Intranet, database application is easy to hold relatively , cost also is lower. It is that oneness goes to the development of position , can realize different people, never same place, with difference receive the way of entering ( for example LAN, WAN, Internet/Intranet etc.) visit and operate common database; It can protect data platform efficiently with management visit limits of authority, server database is also safe. Now in my courtyard, net ( Intranet ) , outer net ( Internet ) with Beijing eastern clear big company \law case and the management software of official business \B/S , policemen each working station in local area network pass through WWW browser can realize working business. Especially in JAVA step platform language appearance after, the configuration management software of B/S is more facilitated , is shortcut, efficient.
( 3 ) The management software technology of main stream.
The technology of main stream of management software technology is as management thought , have also gone through 3 develop period. First, interface technology goes to Windows graph interface ( or graph user interface GUI ) from last century DOS character interface, till Browser browser interface 3 differences develop period. Secondly, today own the browser interface of computer, is not only visual and is easy to use , what is more major is that any its style of application software based on browser platform is as, make the requirement of choosing a person for the job for operating training not high and software operability is strong , is easy to distinguish; Moreover platform architecture the file that also goes to today from past single user development ／ server ( F ／ S ) system and client computer ／ server ( C ／ S ) system and browser ／ server ( B ／ S ) system.
The comparison of C/S and B/S
C/S and B/S is the now world two technologies of main stream of
developing pattern technical configuration. C/S is that American Borland company researches and develop most early, B/S is that American Microsoft researches and
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develop. Now this two technologies with quilt world countries grasp , it is many that domestic company produce article with C/S and the technical development of B/S. This two technologies have the certain market share of self , is with customer crowd , each domestic enterprise says that own management software configuration technical function is powerful, advanced, convenient , the customer group that can lift , have a crowd scholar ink guest to shake flag self cry out , advertisement flies all over the sky , may be called benevolent to see kernel, sage sees wisdom
C/S configures inferior position and the advantage of software ( 1 ) Application server operation data load is light comparatively.
The database application of the most simple architecture of C/S is become by two partial groups, customer applies program and database server program. Both can be called as proscenium program and the program of backstage supporter respectively. The machine of operation database server program is also called as application server. Once server program had been started , waits the request concerning responding customer program hair at any time; Customer application program operation can be called as customer computer on the own computer of user, in correspondence with database server, when needs carry out any operation for the data in database, customer program seeks server program voluntarily , and sends request to it, server program is regular as basis intends to make to reply, send to return result, application server operation data load is lighter.
( 2 ) Data store management function relatively transparent.
In database application data store management function, is carried out respectively independently by server program and customer application program , is regular as proscenium application can violate , and usually those different( no matter is have known still unknown ) operations data, in server program, do not concentrate realization, for instance visit limits of authority, serial number can be repeated , must have customer talent establishment the rule order. It is these to own , for the last user that works on proscenium program is \not usually also interfere ) the course of behind, can complete own all work. In the application of customer server configuration proscenium program not is very \
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troublesome matter is delivered to server and network. In the system of C/S take off , database can not become public really , professionally more competent storehouse, it gets independent special management.
( 3 ) The inferior position of the configuration of C/S is high maintenance cost make investment just big.
First, with the configuration of C/S, will select proper database platform to realize the genuine \two lands complete deliver by database system go to manage, but the logically two operators of land will directly visit a same database to realize efficiently , have so some problems, if needs establishment the data synchronism of \real time \the database server that must establish real time communication connection between two places and maintains two lands is online to run , network management staff will again want to defend and manage for customer end as server defends management , maintenance and complex tech support and the investment of this high needs have very high cost, maintenance task is measured.
Secondly, the software of the structure of C/S of tradition need to develop the software of different edition according to the different system of operating system , is very rapid because of the renovation of product, price is working needs high with inefficient already do not meet. In JAVA step platform language appearance after, the configuration of B/S is more vigorous impact C/S , and forms threat and challenge for it. .
The advantage of B/S configuration software
( 1 ) The Maintenance of inferior position and upgrading way are simple.
Now upgrading and the improvement of software system more and more frequently, the product of the configuration of B/S embodies more convenient property obviously. For one a little a little bit big unit , if systematic administrator needs , between hundreds of 1000 even last computers round trip run , efficiency and workload is to can imagine, but the configuration of B/S software needs management server have been all right , all customer ends are browser only, need not do any maintenance at all. No matter the scale of user has , is what , has how many branch will not increase any workload of maintenance upgrading , is all to operate needs to aim at server to go on;
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If need differently only, net server connection specially , realize long-range maintenance and upgrading and share. So client computer more and more \server more and more \fat \is the direction of main stream of future informative development. In the future, software upgrading and maintenance will be more and more easy , and use can more and more simple, this is for user manpower , material resources, time and cost save is obvious , it is astonishing. Therefore defend and escalate revolutionary way is the client computer \ ( 2 ) Cost reduction, it is more to select.
All know windows in the computer of top of a table on nearly one Tong world, browser has become standard disposition, but on server operating system, windows is in absolute dominance position not. Current tendency is the application management software that uses the configuration of B/S all , need to install only in Linux server on , and safety is high. The so server option of operating system is many, no matter choosing those operating system, can let the most of ones use windows in order to the computer of top of a table of operating system does not get influence, this for make most popular free Linux operating system develop fast, Linux except operating system is free besides, it is also free to link database, this kind of option is very pupular.
Say, many persons on daily, \website\nets , so long as having installed browser for can , and what need not know the server of \what operating system, and in fact the most of websites do not use windows operating system really, but the computer of user is most of as installing to be windows operating system.
( 3 ) Application server operation data load value comparatively.
Since B/S configures management, software installation in server end ( Server ) on, it is been all right that network administrator need to manage server only, the user interface major logic of general affairs in server ( Server ) end pass through WWW browser completely realization, lose the logic of general affairs very much in front( Browser) realization, all customer ends has only browser, network administrator need to do hardware maintenance only. But application server operation data load is heavier, once occuring \server collapse \to wait for problem,
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consequence is unimaginable. Therefore a lot of units have database to stock server , are ready for any eventuality.
原文翻译:
利用ASP开发Web应用程序首先必须确立Web应用的体系结构。目前在应用中常用到的有两种：C/S体系结构和B/S体系结构。
C/S体系结构即client/server，客户端/服务器端。 两层的客户/服务器结构。
客户/服务器（Client/Server）模型是一种良好的软件体系结构，是网络的最佳应用模式之一。从技术上看，它本身是一个逻辑概念，是指将一个应用分解成多个任务分别执行，共同完成整个应用任务的功能。网络各站点主机上资源（硬件、软件、数据）分步不均衡，在客户/服务器结构下，无资源的客户机通过向有资源的服务器发出请求，并得到资源请求，从而适应网络中资源分布的不均衡性。采用这种结构能综合各种计算机协同工作，各尽其能，实现对计算机系统的规模优化（Rightsizing）和规模缩小化(Downsizing)。如下图：
从技术角度讲，“客户机”和“服务器”都是逻辑的概念，其含义是：将计算机网络应用分成两大部分，其中一部分支持多个用户共享的功能与资源，它由服务器来实现；另一部分是面向每个用户的，由客户机来实现，也就是说，客户机通常执行前台功能，通过用户界面实现人机对话，或是执行用户特定的应用程序。而服务器通常执行后台功能，管理共享的外设，接受并回答用户的请求等。对于一台计算机来说，它可以具有双重功能，在某一时刻充当服务器，而在另一时刻又成为客户机。
客户/服务器类型把计算机分为两类，提供服务的一方称为服务器，请求服务的一方称为客户。为了能够提供服务，服务器一方必须具有一定的硬件和相应的服务器软件；同样，客户一方也必须具有一定的硬件和相应的客户软件。
在服务器和客户之间必须有一个协议，双方根据这个协议进行通信。
将客户/服务器模型应用于Internet服务， 客户与服务器之间的关系并不是一成不变的。有的Internet节点一方面提供服务，另一方面也从别的节点处获得服务；甚至在一次对话过程中，双方的角色也可能互换。如在进行文件传输时，如果把提供文件的一方称为服务器，把获取文件的一方称为客户，则在使用get 或mget命令从另一个节点取文件时，可以认为自己使用的及其是客户机，在使用put 或mput命令向另一个节点发送文件时又可以认为自己使用的机器是服务器。
多层的客户/服务器结构 随着企业应用的扩展，最近又出现了一种新的多层体系结构，它把客户端应
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