Key to Exercises (Units 1-8)
Unit 1 Vocabulary
1) insert 2) on occasion 3) investigate 4) In retrospect 5) initial 6) phenomena 7) attached 8) make up for 9) is awaiting 10) exception 11) not... in the least 12) promote 13) working on 14) in due course 15) emerged 2.
1) There is a striking contrast between the standard of living in the north of the country and the south.
2) Natural fiber is said to be superior to synthetic fiber.
3) The city's importance as a financial center has evolved slowly. 4) His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.
5) The poems by a little-known sixteenth-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines. 3.
1) Chinese isn't a subject that can be picked up in a month. You can't accomplish your goal of mastering the language unless you work at it for years. Well, it sounds as if I'm exaggerating the difficulties, but the fact is I'm only telling the truth.
2) The principal is somewhat disappointed with the performance of the children. From what she has gathered, some of the teaching staff have neglected their pupils. She has just announced that strict work regulations have been made and that they apply to both Chinese and overseas teachers.
3) The teacher-directed and the child-directed approaches to teaching art represent two extremes of opinion. Too many teacher-directed activities cannot be expected to effectively assist children in learning because of the rigid structure. On the other hand, too many child-directed activities may see a curriculum that is totally unstructured and out of control. There are valid reasons to believe a teacher-guided approach would be a superior way to guide children's development. This approach combines some form of structure with the child leading the direction.
Confusable words 1.1) continual 2.
1) principal 5) principal
2) continuous 2) principal
3) continual 3) principle
4) continuous 4) principles
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Usage
1. themselves 2. himself / herself 3. herself / by herself / on her own 4. itself 5. ourselves 6. yourself / by yourself / on your own
Structure
1. 1) Simon's ill — so much so that he can't get out of bed.
2) She herself believed in freedom, so much so that she would rather die than live without it.
3) Piles of work have kept us busy — so much so that we can't manage to take a holiday this year.
4) Many contestants later failed drug tests, so much so that the race had to be rerun. 2. 1) Assuming (that) this painting really is a Picasso 2) Assuming (that) the proposal is accepted
3) assuming, of course, that she's prepared to listen
4) Even assuming (that) smokers do see the health warnings
Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze (A)
1. contrast 2. exaggerating 3. priority 4. on the other hand 5. promoting 6. pick up 7. assist 8. accomplish 9. on occasion 10. neglecting 11. worthwhile 12. superior (B)
1. to 2. affect/influence 3. others 4. each/them 5. without 6. controlled 7. about 8. value 9. They 10. little 11. right 12. but 13. in 14. what 15. worth 16. and
II. Translation
I consider it worthwhile trying to summarize our experience in learning English. Here I would like to make three relevant points.
First, wide reading should be taken as a priority in the learning process, because it is through reading that we get the most language input. Next, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important. On the one hand, rote learning/learning by rote is indeed of little help, but on the other hand, memorization/learning by heart with a good understanding will certainly be of benefit/do good to us. With an enormous store of excellent essays in our heads, we will find it much easier to express ourselves in English. Finally, it is critical that we should put what we have learned into practice. By doing more reading, writing, listening and speaking, we will be able to accomplish the task of perfecting our English.
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Part III Text B
Comprehension Check 1. c 2. c 3. d 4. a 5. c Language Practice 1. adopt 2. account 5. furthermore 6. fund 9. pace 10. intends 13. perspective 14. undoubtedly 17. access 18. resources 20. from your point of view
6. b
3. plus 7. annual 11. on demand 15. fell apart 19. deposit
4. ended up
8. keeping track of 12. devise 16. protest
Unit 2 Part II Text A Vocabulary I. 1. 1) local 2) headlines 3) deserved 4) folks 5) system 6) steer clear of 7) remote 8) get away with 9) open up 10) hold to 11) retire 12) rally 13) reserved 14) qualify 15) cultivate
2. 1) These serious problems deserve careful consideration in restructuring our educational systems.
2) The college is liable to stop her scholarship because of her failure in the final examination.
3) San Francisco is, by all accounts, a city easy to fall in love with.
4) Snow White received such bad treatment from her step-mother that she had to flee from her home.
5)The United States, Canada, and Mexico make up North America.
3. 1) The principal's daughter didn't receive special treatment from her teachers. She was rewarded for her excellent performance. When she graduated from high school in 1998, she had straight A's and scholarship offers from some of the most famous universities in the country.
2) Our boss is fully aware that his employees feel a lot of loyalty to the company because they are treated right. Besides a handsome pay check and a stock option, he has laid down a system under which employees are granted stock for their retirement. 3) You are liable to be offered a discount or a reduction on things you buy at the local supermarket on weekends.
II. Collocation 1. about 2. for 3. at/on 4. into 5. with 6. to 7. from 8. with
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III. Usage
1. a savings account 2. arms race 3. a goods train 4. communications equipment 5. a sales tax 6. a customs officer 7. a current affairs program 8. a clothes shop
Structure
1. 1) Only by rewarding success can you bring out the best in your employees.
2) Only by working at evenings and weekends was Mary able to complete the report by the deadline.
3) Only when I myself became a mother did I realize the value of my parents' advice. 4) Only after they had finished watching the football game did they begin to prepare for the math examination.
2. 1) The young woman described to the policemen the way the man ran up to her and grabbed the bag from her hand. 2) All the people working for Sam Walton admire the way he manages Wal-Mart and the way he treats his employees. 3) The neighbors were disgusted at the way he talked to his old father. 4) It's amazing the way the eight-year-old boy managed to stay so calm when he faced the emergency.
Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze (A)
1. cheerful 2. threw his weight around 3. executive 4. treatment 5. reward 6. cultivate 7. loyalty 8. stock 9. qualified 10. scholarships 11. folks 12. local (B)
1. from 2. their 3. spent 4. away 5. through 6. to 7. built 8. who 9. led/lived 10. it 11. millionaires 12. then 13. answer 14. wealth 15. by 16. character
II. Translation
George was on the run since the moment he came aboard. He was always cheerful and devoted himself heart and soul to his work. Because of his excellent performance he was promoted to CEO. From then on he tried hard to blend in with the workers and never threw his weight around. He also laid down/ introduced a reward system to encourage the workers to work hard. He believed that loyalty and hard work would greatly contribute to the success of the company. By all accounts he was an outstanding chief executive officer.
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Part III Text B
Comprehension Check l. c 2. b 3. a
Language Practice 1. replace 5. conducted 9. confronted 13. resolve 17. In the opinion of
4. d 5. d 6. c
2. take ... on 6. range 10. call... in 14. related 18. of their choice 3. selected 7. additional 11. crisis 15. appeals to 19. factors 4. involved 8. tremendous 12. naturally 16. former 20. project
Unit 3 Part II Text A Vocabulary
1. 1) swallow 2) dumb 3) Overall 4) glorious 5) welfare 6) repeatedly 7) interference 8) fading 9) junior 10) frank 11) distract 12) at any rate 13) has narrowed down 14) in unison 15) has come over 2. 1) The security council consists of five generals and four police officers. 2) The new hotel will be in a location overlooking the lake. 3) I was embarrassed by her comments about my clothes.
4) Do you have any proof that it was Henry who stole the computer? The boy was exhausted after the long cycle ride.
3. 1) That exceptional stamp was handed down by your grandfather , and is worth a fortune. You should have known better than to trade it for a few drinks.
2) Company executives are always looking out for talented college graduates to hire as junior employees.
3) The doctor in charge of his case asked him to fill out one form after another, but kept him in suspense as to what they were for. II. Collocation 1. adequate 2. anxious 3. certain 4. content 5. crazy 6. likely 7. fortunate 8. keen III. Usage
1. be admitted 2. live 3. be postponed 4. buy 5. be banned 6. be Structure
1) I do whatever I can 2) Whatever does that mean 3) Whatever had happened 4) Whatever it is that you like
1) You ought to know better than to go swimming right after lunch.
2) Aunt Betty certainly knows better than to invest all her money in one company's stock.
3) Jenny is old enough to know better than to spend all her time playing computer
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