C. doing the movement at the same time
D. setting a practical competitive goal
46. Which is the main reason for more injuries to women in cheerleading according to the author?
A. Physical activities. B. Strong competition.
C. Carelessness. D. Less recognition.
47. What is the purpose of the author to write the passage?
A. To discuss the standards of a sport.
B. To introduce the sport of cheerleading.
C. To invite people to take part in cheerleading.
D. To suggest improving cheerleading equipment.
D
Consumer Behavior
“Consumer behavior” is the behavior that consumers, either people or organizations, show in seeking, purchasing, using, evaluating and disposing of (处理掉) products and services. The study of consumer behavior is the study of how people make decisions to spend their available resources on products and services.
All consumers face varying problems to which solutions are vital to the existence of most people, and the economic well-being of all. The process is complex, as choices must be made regarding what, why, how, when, where and how often to buy an item. The answers to these questions would provide companies with important input for product design improvement and marketing strategy.
The person who purchases a product is not always the only user of the product. Nor is the purchaser necessarily the person who makes the decision or pays for the product. Thus the marketplace activities of people have three functions: the consumer, the person who uses the product or service; the purchaser, the person who carries out the activities to get the product or service; and the payer, the
person who provides the money or other objects of value to obtain the product or service. Marketers must decide whom to direct their marketing efforts toward. For some products or services, they must find the person who is most likely to influence the decision. Some marketers believe that the buyer of the products is the best choice; others believe it is the user of the product, while still others play it safe by directing their promotional efforts to both buyers and users.
In addition to studying how consumers use the products they buy, consumer researchers are also interested in how people dispose of their once-new purchases when they are finished with them because the marketers must match production to the frequency with which consumers buy replacements. It is also important to society as a whole, as solid waste disposal has become a major environmental problem that marketers must address in their development of products and packaging. Many companies have begun to reproduce old components to install in new products, because reproducing is often cheaper, easier and more efficient than recycling.
48. What does “consumer behavior” study?
A. What makes people satisfied with products or services.
B. When the producers make improvement on product designs.
C. How people decide to spend money on products or services.
D. How often people purchase products or services in real life.
49. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Payers of products or services are in fact purchasers.
B. Purchasing decisions are not connected to people’s well-being.
C. Marketers agree to direct their promotional efforts to only users.
D. Planning ways of exposing products to potential consumers is marketers’ job.
50. From the passage we can learn that companies would prefer to _________.
A. make their products last a longer time
B. pay for the cost of recycling materials
C. spend more money on packaging
D. limit the choices of consumers
Ⅱ卷 非选择题
Ⅰ. 听力理解
第三节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第1题至第5题的关键信息，每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。Ⅱ. 阅读理解(共4小题;每小题2分，满分8分)
阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。
Sleepover Secrets
Sleepovers are most popular for kids from eight to fourteen. At the first sleepover party, keep the guest