摘 要
本工程根据辽宁工业大学土木建筑工程学院土木工程专业2015届毕业设计任务书的要求进行，包括建筑设计、结构设计、施工组织设计三部分。
该工程名称为锦州机电学校实训教学楼，总建筑面积为7387.28m2，教学楼长86.3m，宽21.4m，高18m，主体结构四层。
层高均为4.5m,室内外地坪高差为0.45m。墙体采用焦渣空心砖填充，外墙表面采用瓷砖贴面。该建筑内部设有实训室、多媒体教室、准备室等。
本教学楼为现浇钢筋混凝土框架结构，柱距为7.2m，跨度为9m，满足大空间的使用要求。柱截面尺寸为400mm×400mm，梁截面主要尺寸为300mm×600mm。安全等级为二级，抗震设防烈度为6度。
结构设计中对水平地震作用采用底部剪力法计算，对水平荷载作用采用D值法，对竖向荷载作用采用力矩分配法。计算梁、柱的配筋，基础均采用柱下现浇钢筋混凝土独立基础。在设计过程中，采用PKPM的软件，建筑CAD为辅助工具，计算并画出梁、板、柱的配筋图。
关键词：框架结构；建筑设计；结构设计；施工组织设计。
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Abstract
This project designed according to the requirements of design tasks of the 2015 Civil Engineering College of Liaoning University of Technology, includes three parts of contents, which are the architectural design, structural design and construction organization design.
The project is a electromechanical school teaching building in Jinzhou, its total building area is 7387.28 m2, the length is86.3m , the width is 21.4m and high is 18m . The main structure of four layers.
The height of each layer is 4.5m and the indoor and outdoor Ping elevation is 0.45m. The wall The walls construct with cinder hollow brick , the surface of the wall tile. The building is arranged inside the room, classroom teachers office, laboratory etc.
The teaching building is a construction of reinforced concrete framework, the distance between columns is 7.2m and the span is 9 m, which can ensure the large span of the structure and fulfill the use requirements. The size of the column is 400mm×400mm, and the main beam is 300mm×600mm. The safety class is the second grade. The seismic fortification intensity is 7degree.
In the structural design , base shear method is used to calculate the horizontal action of the earthquake and the effect of horizontal load with the D value method,the moment distribution method is used to calculate the moment of beam under vertical loads , and reinforcement of beam is calculated. All the foundation is under-column field concreting independent foundation. The software of PKPM and CAD were used as assisted tools to calculate the internal forces and steel arrangements, then draw the pictures of steel reinforcing bar diagram of beams ,sheets and columns.
Keywords:
Framework structures; architectural design; structural design; construction organization design.
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目录
第1章 建筑设计 ................................................. 1
1.1工程概况 ................................................. 1 1.2建筑设计说明 ............................................. 1
1.2.1 设计概要 .......................................... 1 1.2.2平面设计 ........................................... 1 1.2.3立面设计 ........................................... 1 1.2.4 剖面设计 .......................................... 2 1.3 建筑细部具体构造做法 .................................... 2
1.3.1 散水做法 .......................................... 2 1.3.2 门窗 .............................................. 2 1.3.3 楼梯做法 .......................................... 2 1.3.4 墙体 .............................................. 2 1.3.5 地面做法 .......................................... 2 1.3.6 楼面做法 .......................................... 2 1.3.7 屋面做法 .......................................... 3 1.3.8 踢脚做法 .......................................... 3 1.3.9 墙面做法 .......................................... 3 1.3.10台阶做法 .......................................... 3 1.3.11基础 .............................................. 3
第2章 结构设计 ................................................ 4
2.1 计算简图 ................................................ 4 2.2 梁柱截面选择 ............................................ 5
2.2.1 初步估计截面尺寸 .................................. 5 2.2.2 梁的计算跨度 ...................................... 5 2.2.3 柱的计算高度 ...................................... 5 2.3 荷载计算 ................................................ 5
2.3.1 屋面恒载 .......................................... 5 2.3.2 楼面恒载 .......................................... 6 2.3.3 雪荷载 ............................................ 6 2.3.4 风荷载 ............................................ 6 2.3.5 框架填充墙荷载 .................................... 6 2.3.6 框架梁、柱荷载 .................................... 7
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2.3.7 门窗荷载 .......................................... 7 2.4 重量计算 ................................................ 7
2.4.1框架柱重 ........................................... 7 2.4.2框架梁重 ........................................... 7 2.4.3外墙重 ............................................. 8 2.4.4内墙重 ............................................. 8 2.4.5楼梯重 ............................................. 9 2.4.6女儿墙重 ........................................... 9 2.4.7屋面重 ............................................ 10 2.4.8楼面重 ............................................ 10 2.4.9楼层重量 .......................................... 10 2.4.10所取计算结构框架总重力荷载代表值 ................. 11 2.5 水平荷载作用下结构内力计算与侧移计算 ................... 11
2.5.1框架梁线刚度的计算 ................................ 11 2.5.2框架柱侧移刚度的计算 .............................. 12 2.5.3层间刚度计算 ...................................... 13 2.5.4水平地震作用，层间地震剪力和弹性位移计算 .......... 13 2.5.5水平地震作用下横向框架的内力分析 .................. 14 2. 6 恒荷载作用下的内力计算 ................................ 18
2.6.1恒荷载内力计算 .................................... 19 2.6.2弯矩二次分配法计算恒荷载作用下梁端弯矩 ............ 21 2.6.3恒荷载作用下梁端剪力 .............................. 22 2.6.4柱的轴力计算 ...................................... 23 2.6.5恒荷载作用下弯矩图、剪力图及轴力图 ................ 25 2.7 活荷载作用下的内力计算 ................................. 26
2.7.1活荷载内力计算 .................................... 26 2.7.2弯矩二次分配法计算活荷载作用下梁端弯矩 ............ 27 2.7.3活荷载作用下梁端剪力 .............................. 29 2.7.4柱的轴力计算 ...................................... 30 2.7.5活荷载作用下弯矩图、剪力图及轴力图 ................ 32 2.8 内力组合 .............................................. 34
2.8.1梁内力组合 ........................................ 34 2.8.2柱内力组合 ........................................ 36 2.9 截面设计及配筋 ......................................... 36
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2.9.1柱截面设计及配筋计算 .............................. 36 2.9.2梁截面设计及配筋计算 .............................. 38 2.9.3板截面设计及配筋计算 .............................. 39 2.10 楼梯设计及配筋计算 .................................... 41
2.10.1梯段板设计及配筋计算 ............................. 41 2.10.2平台板设计及配筋计算 ............................. 41 2.10.3平台梁设计及配筋计算 ............................. 42 2.11 基础设计及配筋计算 .................................... 43 第3章 施工组织设计 ............................................ 46
3.1编制依据 ................................................ 46 3.2工程概况 ................................................ 46
3.2.1建筑物概况 ........................................ 46 3.2.2建筑地点特征 ...................................... 46 3.3施工准备 ................................................ 46 3.4施工方案 ................................................ 47
3.4.1确定施工总体目标 .................................. 47 3.4.2施工程序及安排 .................................... 47 3.4.3主要施工方法 ...................................... 48 3.4.4土方开挖和基础工程 ................................ 48 3.4.5钢筋工程 .......................................... 49 3.4.6模板工程 .......................................... 50 3.4.7混凝土工程 ........................................ 50 3.4.8脚手架工程 ........................................ 51 3.4.9装饰工程 .......................................... 51 3.5施工技术组织措施 ........................................ 52
3.5.1保证进度目标的措施 ................................ 52 3.5.2保证质量目标的措施 ................................ 52 3.5.3保证安全生产目标的措施 ............................ 52 3.5.4确保文明施工的技术组织措施 ........................ 53
第4 章 PKPM内力计算 .......................................... 55 参考文献 ....................................................... 59 致 谢 .......................................................... 60
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