Mba,mpa,mpacc联考英语词汇副词【mba加油站】
1.副词的定义
副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子的词。许多副词，特别是方式副词，多由形容词加句构成，规则如下:
2. 副词的分类
(1)副词按意义可分为
1)时间副词，如:表示确定时间的today， tomorrow 等，表示非确定时间的already，early, soon, just, still, yet, before, later 等。
2) 地点副词，如:表示方位和方向的ahead， below, upstairs, here, up, left等。
3)频度副词，如:表示确定频度的once， twice, monthly 等，表示非确定频度的always，frequently, often, sometimes, rarely, ever，never 等。
4) 方式副词，如slowly， warmly, quickly, suddenly 等。
5) 程度副词，如almost， too, enough, fairly, qui饨， still, hardly, very, even, just, only等。
(2) 副词按功能可分为
1 )观点副词，用于表示说话人对自己所说的话的态度，如honestly，personally,actually, indeed, maybe 等。
2) 疑问副词，用来引导特殊疑问句或名词性从句，如when， where, why,how 等。
3) 连接副词，用来表示上下文逻辑关系，如howeve，moreover，therefore 等。
4) 关系副词，用来引导定语从句，如when， where, why。
(3)副词按构成可分为
1)简单副词，由一个单词构成，如here， seldom, hard, possibly,likewise 等。
2) 复合副词，由两个或两个以上的单词构成，如somehow， maybe,together 等。 3. 副词的语法功能 副词可以在句中作状语、表语、定语、介词宾语或宾语补足语等。
( 1 )副词作状语
用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子，副词还可以修饰名词，用来加强语气。
They were warmly treated.
Her mouth was wide open.
The bus came quite early.
She left shortly after the meeting.
Frankly, I don't agree with you.
It's rather a pity.
(2) 副词作表语
作表语的副词主要有表示方位的above， across, inside, upstairs 等，表示方向的up，down, on, in, off, out, away 等。
Class is over.
Time is up.
She was down with a fever.
I must be off now.
(3) 副词作定语
作定语时，副词通常放在被修饰的词的后面。
I saw him the week before.
This was my frrst day up.
The buildings around are of modem style.
I met her on my way home.
(4) 副词作介词或动词的宾语
She looked everywhere butlexcept there.
I don't know her until quite recently.
lhaven't seen him since then.
See above.
(5 )副词作宾语补足语。
She fell asleep with thelights on.
Please ask her in.
4. 副词作状语的位置
(1)时间副词作状语的位置
一般来说，表示确定的时间副词可以置于句首或句尾;非确定时间副词可以置于句首、句尾、助动词(情态动词)和实义动词之间或be 动词之后。
Yesterday I had a phone call from Mary. (=I had a phone call from Mary yesterday.)
He will come back soon.(=Soon he will come back.或He will soon come back.)
I was recently in London. (=Recently I was in London.或I was in London recently.)
(2) 地点副词作状语的位置
地点副词通常可以置于句首或句尾。
The children are playing upstairs.
Indoors it was nice and warm.Outside it was snowing heavily.
(3) 频度副词作状语的位置
表示确定的频度副词可以置于句首或句尾。非确定频度副词可以置于句首、句尾、助动词(情态动词)和实义动词之间或be 动词之后。
I visit him once a month.(=Once a month I visit him.)
You must always tell the truth.
He often walks to work.(Often he walks to work或He walks to work quite (often.)
He seldom goes to the movies. (=Seldom does he go to the movies.)
He has never been late for work.(=Never has he been late for work.)
(4) 方式副词作状语的位置
方式副词可以置于动词或“动词+宾语”之后，有时也可以置于句首，表示强调。少数方式副词也可以置于主语和动词之间，强调主语。
The girl danced beautifully.
He looked at her angrily.(=He looked angrily at her.)
Slowly, he opened his eyes.
He answered the question foolishly.
He foolishly answered the question. (=It was foolish of him to answer the question.)
5. 常用副词用法辨析
( 1 ) just, just now
1) just 表示\恰好、只是、刚才\与完成时连用表示\刚才\。
It wasjust 7 o'c1ock.
She isjust a child.
They have just left.
2) just now 与一般过去时连用，表示\刚才气与现在时连用时表示\现在，此刻\。
I saw him just now.
I am busy just now.
( 2) fairly, rather, quite, pretty
这四个词都有\相当、颇\的意思，语气由弱到强的顺序为fairly→quite→rather→pretty 。
1) fairly 多与褒义词good ， well, fine, nice, brave 等连用rather 与贬义词bad， ugly,stpid， boring 等连用时，表示不赞成或不满意，与褒义词连用时，经常含有\惊人地\的意思。