大学英语一复习题
Passage one
Many visitors finds the fast pace at which American people move very troubling. One's first impression is likely to be that everyone is in a rush .City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going and are very impatient if they are delayed even for a brief moment. At first, this may seem unfriendly to you. But drivers will rush you; storekeepers will be in a hurry as they serve you; people will push past you as they walk along the street. You will miss smiles, brief conversations with people as you shop or dine away from home. Do not think that because Americans are in such a hurry they are unfriendly. Often, life is much slower outside the big cities, as is true in other countries as well.
Americans who live in cities such as New York, Chicago, or Los Angeles, often think that everyone is equally in a hurry to get things done; they expect others to \people do in Tokyo, Singapore or Paris, for example . But when they discover that you are a stranger, most Americans become quite kindly and will take great care to help you. Many of them first came to the city as strangers and they remember how frightening a new city can be .If you need help or want to ask a question , choose a friendly looking person and say,\here. Can you help me?\
Most people will stop, smile at you, and help you find you way or answer your questions. But you must let them know that you need help. Otherwise they are likely to pass you by, not noticing that you are new to the city and in need of help. Occasionally, you may find someone too busy or perhaps too rushed to give you aid. If this happens, do not be discouraged; just ask someone else. Most Americans enjoy helping a stranger.
1. Many people who first visit the United States will find that _______. A America is a highly developed country
B American city people seem to be always in a rush
C the fast pace in American life often causes much trouble D Americans are impatient and unfriendly people
2. When the author says \ A you will fail to notice that Americans are pleasant and happy B you will be puzzled why Americans do not smile at you C you will feel that Americans do not seem very friendly
D you will find that Americans don't have much sense of humor 3. In the author's opinion, ___________.
A it is true that life in New York is much faster than that in any other city B people living outside big cities are lazy and miserable
C most American people enjoy living in the suburbs of big cities D hose who are busy are not necessarily unfriendly
4. The author mentions big cities such as Tokyo, Singapore and Paris ___________. A to show that city people all over the world have a lot in common
B to let his readers be aware that they are some of the world's biggest cities C to illustrate their difference from American cities
D because they are some of the cities that attract visitors most
5. If you say to an American that you are a stranger there, most probably be will _________. A offer his help B stop smiling at you
C help you find the way D reply that he is pleased to meet you
Passage 2
Around the world two thirds of the people are farmers, Most of them engage in subsistence farming. This means that they raise plants and animals to furnish their families with food and other supplies. They consume their varied output and have little to sell or to trade for other goods. Subsistence farms were common in the United States at one time, but there are few such farms today.
Two thirds of American farmers practice commercial farming. Commercial farms produce about 97 per cent of the country?s agricultural goods. These farms are operated much like other industries. The members of the farm family produce the commodities(商品) that will be sent to the market. They sell their products and buy the things they need.
Some commercial farms are big factories in the field. They may be owned by a company or by an individual as an investment. Most American farms, however, are still operated by families. A farmer may own or rent his land.
In a country as large as the United States, farms vary widely in climate, land surface, soil, water supply, convenience to market, and other characteristics. Different regions may have different kinds of specialized farms. Specialized farmers concentrate on the kind of farming best suited to the land and climate, to their technical skills, and to the money they invest in the farm.
However, no region is limited to a single type of farm. Indeed few farms are limited to one crop or commodity. Where output is varied and no one kind of crop or commodity produces more than half of a farm?s income, it is classified as a general farm. The general farmer grows varied crops to use the different kinds of soils or surfaces on his land and to employ his time and machinery most efficiently.
6．Subsistence farmers______
A grow crops for their families' own use B sell a lot of their products for money C trade their varied output for other goods
D use their agricultural products as commodities 7．Subsistence farms______.
A are very popular in the United States now B are still common in many parts of the world
C consist of two thirds of the total number of the farms in the world today D used to be the major form of farming in the world 8．American commercial farms______.
A furnish the country with two thirds of the food its people need B are run in much the same way as other industries C are all owned by different companies D never rent their land for farming
9．A specialized farm is characterized by ______. A its especially large size
B its independence of the market
C its concentration on a single type of farming D its special way of operation
10．A farm is classified as general if ______.
A more than half of its income comes from varied crops B it is limited to a single type of farm C it employs different kinds of machines
D the soils or surfaces of its land are used most efficiently
Passage 3
Everyone knows that the favorite food in the United States is the hamburger. It seems impossible, but people eat 34 billion hamburgers a year. This is enough to make a line of hamburgers around the world four times.
The favorite place to buy a hamburger is a fast-food restaurant. In these restaurants, people order their food, wait just a few minutes, and carry it to their tables themselves. They can eat it in the restaurant or take the food out and eat it at home, at work, or in a park. At some restaurants people can drive up beside a window. They order the food, and a worker hands it to them through the window. Then they eat in their cars.
Hamburgers are not the only kind of food that fast-food restaurant serve. Some serve fish, chicken, beef sandwiches, or Mexican food. They also serve fries (French fried potatoes), shakes (a drink made from milk and ice cream), soft drinks, and coffee.
Fast-food restaurants are very popular because the service is fast and the food is inexpensive. For many people, this is more important than quality of the food. These restaurants are also popular because the food is always the same. People know that if they eat at a company? s restaurant in the north or south of the city, the food will be the same. If they eat in New York or San Francisco, it will still be the same.
Fast service and low cost are important in the United States. One reason is that about 50 percent of all married women with children work outside the home. They are too busy and too tired to cook dinner every night.
Is the food at fast-food restaurants food for you？ In general, it is all right, except that it has too much fat and salt.
One thing is sure. People will continue to eat fast foods. In fact, now there are fast-food restaurants in countries all over the world. 11. In a fast-food restaurant, people ________.
A stand up to eat B are served at table C eat in a hurry D serve themselves 12. Usually fast food is rich in ________.
A sugar and milk B salt and fat
C meat and salt D beef and fish 13. Fast-food restaurants are popular because ________. A people are free to order their food B the quality of the food is good
C it is cheaper and faster to have meals there
D people can find fast food restaurants everywhere 14. Which of the following sentences is not correct?
A The service is fast and the food is cheap in fast-food restaurants. B More people like eating fast food.
C People can find the same food in all the restaurants. D People can take fast food out. 15. What? s the main idea of the passage?
A Americans eat enough hamburgers to make a line abound the world four times. B Fast-food restaurants are popular in the United States. C Some people can eat fast food in parks.
D Mothers who work outside home often have meals in fast-food restaurants.
Passage 4
No one knows for sure why birds migrate(定期迁徙). One theory of migration says that ancient birds of the northern part of the earth were forced southward during the Ice Age, when ice covered large parts of Europe, Asia and North America. As the ice melted, the birds came back to their homelands, spent the summer, and then went south again in winter. Gradually, these comings and goings became habits, and birds now migrate though much of the ice has gone.
Another theory proposes that the ancient home of all modern birds was the tropic areas. There they lived so well that the region became overcrowded. Many species had to move northward. During the summer, these birds found plenty of room and food. In winter, however, food became scarce and they had to return to the south.
A newer theory is that increasing daylight stimulates certain glands(腺) in the bird's body and prepares it for migration. One scientist is able to make birds migrate in midwinter by exposing them for two months to artificial daylight. Recoveries of marked birds indicate that they fly north as soon as they are set free. The conclusion is that the urge to migrate is determined by changes in the bird?s body which take place under seasonal changes in the length of daylight. This theory would account for the fact that not all birds migrate at the same time. Each species seems to have its own schedule. The theory would also account for the regular time and routes of migration. Birds arrive at a given place year after year. Unfavorable weather delays them only a few days. Total hours of daylight, rather than weather, start them on the way.
How birds find their way to the same place year after year and why they follow their own particular route are still mysteries. They evidently do not follow known landmarks(地面标志), for many young birds migrate alone without the help of experienced adults.
16．We can conclude from the first paragraph that ______. A during the Ice Age, the whole Europe was covered with ice B the south used to be the homelands of all birds
C scientists can confidently explain why birds migrate now
D migration of birds can be explained by the change of ice on earth.
17．The birds mentioned in the third paragraph fly north in midwinter because ______. A they are specially trained by a scientist B they are affected by seasonal changes
C there is a change in their body temperature D they are exposed to extra daylight
18．The phrase“account for”(Line 2, Para. 4) most probably means ______. A indicate B explain C prove D provide
19．Which of the following can NOT be inferred from the passage？ A Birds do not migrate at the same time.
B Birds usually follow regular routes of migration. C Each species has a special reason for migration.
D Birds migrate to their own particular places every year. 20．The best title for the passage is ______. A Different Accounts of Migration B Migration and Weather
C New Discovery of Bird Migration D Routes of Bird Migration
Passage 5
Mark felt that it was time for him to take part in his community, so he went to the neighborhood meeting after work.. The area's city councilwoman (女议员) was leading a discussion about how the quality of life was decreasing . The neighborhood faced many problems.
Mark looked at the charts taped to the walls. There are charts for parking problems, crime, and for problems in vacant buildings. People were supposed to suggest solutions to the councilwoman.. It was too much for Mark. \him and said, \here.\
Mark thought some more on his way to the bus stop. \he decided. \
As he neared the bus stop, Mark saw a woman carrying a grocery bag and baby. She was trying to unlock her car, but she didn't have a free hand. As Mark got closer, her other child, a little boy , suddenly darted into the street. The woman tried to reach for him, but as she moved, her bag shifted and groceries started to fall out . Mark ran to take the boy's arm and led him back to his mother. Then he picked up the groceries while the woman smiled in relief. \\
\them was \to start.\
21. It is known from the passage that _________.
A Mark played an active part in community activities
B the city councilwoman was responsible for the falling of life quality C visual aids were used to display the seriousness of problems
D many people were discouraged by the many problems facing them 22 In Mark's opinion, ___________.
A nobody was so able as to solve the problems