not work
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B. the survival of infants was less important than that of their parents in times of starvation C. old people were given the task of imparting the cultural wisdom of the tribe to new generations
D. death was celebrated as a time of rejoicing for an individual freed of the hardships of life 33. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the old people in the United States is true?
A. Many of them live on social security money which is hardly enough. B. Minority of them remain in a state of near poverty after their retirement. C. When they reach a certain age, compulsory retirement is necessary and beneficial. D. With the growing inflation, they must suffer more from unbearable burdens than ever. 34. The phrase “this need” in paragraph 3 refers to ________. A. prolonging the dying old people’s lives
B. reducing the problems caused by the retired people C. making profits through caring for the sick or weak people D. taking care of the sick or weak people
35. Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude toward most of the nursing homes and convalescent hospitals?
A. Sympathetic. B. Approving. C. Optimistic. D. Critical.
C
Most Americans get what money they have from their work; that is, they earn an income from wages or salaries. The richest Americans, however, get most of their money from what they own — their stocks, bonds, real estate, and other forms of property, or wealth. Although there are few accurate statistics to go by, wealth in American society appears to be concentrated in very few hands. More than 20 percent of everything that can be privately owned is held by less than one percent of the adult population and more than 75 percent of all wealth is owned by 20 percent of American adults. The plain fact is that most Americans have no wealth at all aside from their homes, automobiles, and a small amount of savings.
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Income in the United States is not as highly concentrated as wealth. In 1917
the richest 10 percent of American families received 26.1 percent of all income, while the poorest 10 percent received 17 percent, mainly from Social Security and other government payments. The most striking aspect of income distribution is that it has not changed significantly since the end of World War II. Although economic growth has roughly doubled real disposable (可自由使用的) family income (the money left after taxes and adjusted for inflation) over the last generation, the size of the shares given to the rich and the poor is about the same. By any measure economic inequality is great in the United States.
The reality behind these statistics is that a large number of Americans are poor. In 1918, 14 percent of the population was living below the federal government’s poverty line, which at that time was an annual income of $ 9 287 for a nonfarm family of two adults and two children. In other words, about one out of seven Americans over 31 million people was officially considered unable to buy the basic necessities of food, clothes, and shelter. The suggested poverty line in 1981 would have been an income of about $11 200 for a family of four. By this relative definition, about 20 percent of the population or more than 45 million Americans are poor.
36. What does the majority of the Americans have in terms of wealth? A. Their income and savings.
B. Everything they own in their homes. C. Actually, they have no wealth at all.
D. Their house, cars and small amounts of savings.
37. What is the percentage of wealth that is in the hands of most Americans? A. More than 25%.
B. Less than 25%. D. Less than 20%.
C. More than 75%.
38. Why is economic inequality still great in the US in spite of the economic growth? A. Because the proportion of income received by the rich and the poor remains almost the same as in 1917.
B. Because the economic growth has widened the gap of the family income between the rich and the poor.
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C. Because income in the US is still concentrated in the hands of the richest
10% of American families.
D. Because some Americans made great fortunes during the Second World War. 39. What can we learn from comparison of the two poverty lines in the last paragraph? A. The poverty line of 1918 is more favorable to the poor than that of 1981. B. The 1981 line didn’t leave much to the poor.
C. There were more Americans who were officially poor by the 1981 line. D. There were more Americans who were officially poor by the 1918 line.
40. From the last two sentences we can see that 1981 government’s poverty line _______. A. was of no good for the poor C. was officially approved
B. was not put into operation then D. was not helpful to the poor D
Self-employed private physicians who charge a fee for each patient visit are the foundation of medical practice in the United States. Most physicians have a contract relationship with one or more hospitals in the community. They send their patients to this hospital, which usually charges patients according to the number of days they stay and the facilities(operating room, tests, medicines that they use). Some hospitals belong to a city, a state or, in the case of veteran's hospitals, a federal government agency. Others are operated by religious orders(教会) or other non-profit groups.
Some medical doctors are on salary. Salaried physicians may work as hospital staff members, or residents, who are often still in training. They may teach in medical schools, be hired by corporations to care for their workers or work for the federal government's Public Health Service.
Physicians are among the best paid professionals in the United States. In the 1980s, it was not uncommon for medical doctors to earn incomes of more than $ 100 000 a year. Specialists, particularly surgeons, might earn several times that amount. Physicians list many reasons why they deserve to be so well rewarded for their work. One reason is the long and expensive preparation required to become a physician in the United States. Most would be physicians first attend college for four years, which can cost nearly $ 20 000 a year at one of the best private
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最权威的信息 最丰富的资源 最快捷的更新 最优质的服务 最真诚的交流 institutions. Prospective physicians then attend medical school for four years.
Tuition alone can exceed $ 10 000 a year. By the time they have obtained their medical degrees, many young physicians are deeply in debt. They still face three to five years of residency(实习阶段) in a hospital, the first year as an apprentice physician. The hours are long and the pay is relatively low.
Setting up a medical practice is expensive, too. Sometimes several physicians will decide to establish a group practice, so they can share the expense of maintaining an office and buying equipment. These physicians also take care of each other's patients in emergencies.
Physicians work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility. Many medical procedures, even quite routine ones, involve risk. It is understandable that physicians want to be well rewarded for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death.
41. According to the passage, it is very unlikely that an American hospital is owned by _______.
A. a church
B. a corporation
C. a city
D. a state
42. The expenses for becoming a doctor are spent on _______. A. schooling and retraining C. facilities he or she uses
B. practice in a hospital D. education he or she receives
43. According to the passage, how long does it take for a would-be physician to become an independent physician in the USA?
A. About seven years. C. Ten years.
B. Eight years. D. About twelve years.
44. Sometimes several physicians set up a group medical practice mainly because _______. A. there are so many patients that it is difficult for one physician to take care all of them B. they can take turns to work long hours
C. facilities may be too much of a burden for one physician to shoulder D. no one wants to assume too much responsibility
45. Which of the following statements could fully express the author's view towards physicians’ payment in the USA?
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A. For their expensive education and their responsibility, they deserve a handsome pay. B. It is reasonable for physicians to have a large income because their work is very dangerous.
C. Physicians should be better paid because they work long hours under bad conditions. D. Physicians have great responsibility, so it is understandable that they should be well rewarded.
第二节 信息匹配(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。 请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应
选项字母涂黑。
以下是旅游景点的信息： A. Agra Fort
Near the gardens of the Taj Mahal stands the important 16th-century Mughal monument known as the Red Fort of Agra. This powerful fortress of red sandstone encompasses, within its 2.5-km-long enclosure walls, the imperial city of the Mughal rulers. It comprises many fairy-tale palaces, such as
the Jahangir Palace and the Khas Mahal, built by Shah Jahan; audience halls, such as the Diwan-i-Khas; and two very beautiful mosques. B. Taj Mahal
Taj Mahal is regarded as one of the eight wonders of the world, and some Western historians have noted that its architectural beauty has never been surpassed. The Taj is the most beautiful monument built by the Mughals, the Muslim rulers of India. Taj Mahal is built entirely of white marble. It
was constructed over a period of twenty-two years, employing twenty thousand workers. It was completed in 1648 C.E. at a cost of 32 Million Rupees. C. Keoladeo National Park