Oracle备份与恢复案例(4)

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL} AUTO

ORA-00279: change 1053701 generated at 05/07/2003 17:51:39 needed for thread 1

ORA-00289: suggestion :

D:\\Oracle\\ORADATA\\TEST\\ARCHIVE\\TESTT001S00305.ARC

ORA-00280: change 1053701 for thread 1 is in sequence #305

ORA-00278: log file

'D:\\Oracle\\ORADATA\\TEST\\ARCHIVE\\TESTT001S00304.ARC' no longer needed for this recovery Log applied. Media recovery complete. 恢复成功，联机该数据文件

SQL> alter database datafile 3 online; Database altered.

7、 检查数据库的数据（完全恢复） SQL> select * from test; A -------------------------------- 1 2 说明：

1、采用热备份，需要运行在归档模式下，可以实现数据库的完全恢复，也就是说，从备份后到数据库崩溃时的数据都不会丢失;

2、可以采用全备份数据库的方式备份，对于特殊情况，也可以只备份特定的数据文件，如只备份用户表空间（一般情况下对于某些写特别频繁的数据文件，可以单独加大备份频率）；

3、如果在恢复过程中，发现损坏的是多个数据文件，即可以采用一个一个数据文件的恢复方法（第5步中需要对数据文件一一脱机，第6步中需要对数据文件分别恢复），也可以采用整个数据库的恢复方法； 4、如果是系统表空间的损坏，不能采用此方法。

4.2.2 RMAN备份方案

RMAN也可以进行联机备份，而且备份与恢复方法将比OS备份更简单可靠。 1、连接数据库，创建测试表并插入记录 SQL> connect internal/password as sysdba; Connected.

SQL> create table test(a int) tablespace users; Table created

SQL> insert into test values(1); 1 row inserted SQL> commit; Commit complete

2、 备份数据库表空间users C:\\>rman

Recovery Manager: Release 8.1.6.0.0 - Production RMAN> connect rcvcat rman/rman@back

RMAN-06008: connected to recovery catalog database RMAN> connect target internal/virpure

RMAN-06005: connected to target database: TEST (DBID=1788174720)

RMAN> run{

2> allocate channel c1 type disk;

3> backup tag 'tsuser' format 'd:\\backup\\tsuser_%u_%s_%p' 4> tablespace users; 5> release channel c1; 6> }

RMAN-03022: compiling command: allocate RMAN-03023: executing command: allocate RMAN-08030: allocated channel: c1

RMAN-08500: channel c1: sid=16 devtype=DISK

RMAN-03022: compiling command: backup

RMAN-03025: performing implicit partial resync of recovery catalog RMAN-03023: executing command: partial resync

RMAN-08003: starting partial resync of recovery catalog RMAN-08005: partial resync complete RMAN-03023: executing command: backup

RMAN-08008: channel c1: starting full datafile backupset

RMAN-08502: set_count=5 set_stamp=494177612 creation_time=16-MAY-03

RMAN-08010: channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00003 name=D:\\Oracle\\ORADATA\\TEST\\USER01.DBF RMAN-08013: channel c1: piece 1 created

RMAN-08503: piece handle=D:\\BACKUP\\TSUSER_05EN93AC_5_1 comment=NONE RMAN-08525: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 RMAN-03023: executing command: partial resync

RMAN-08003: starting partial resync of recovery catalog RMAN-08005: partial resync complete RMAN-03022: compiling command: release RMAN-03023: executing command: release RMAN-08031: released channel: c1 RMAN>

3、 继续在测试表中插入记录 SQL> insert into test values(2); 1 row inserted SQL> commit; Commit complete

SQL> select * from test; A

--------------------------------------- 1 2

SQL> alter system switch logfile; System altered. SQL>r

1* alter system switch logfile; System altered.

4、 关闭数据库，模拟丢失数据文件 SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. Oracle instance shut down

C:\\>del D:\\Oracle\\ORADATA\\TEST\\USER01.DBF

5、 启动数据库，检查错误 SQL> startup

Oracle instance started.

Total System Global Area 102020364 bytes Fixed Size 70924 bytes Variable Size 85487616 bytes Database Buffers 16384000 bytes Redo Buffers 77824 bytes Database mounted.

ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace file