摘 要
本文详细地阐述了卡盖注射模具的设计过程。设计了注射模具中的各个系统，如浇注系统、导向与定位机构、侧向分型与抽芯机构，并对塑料材料性能进行了分析。根据塑件的产品数量要求，以及结构要求，该模具采用一模二腔。设计时利用三维参数化设计软件Solid Edge进行塑件的三维造型、注塑模具的零件造型以及装配设计等，从而完成整套模具的结构设计。在具体方法上，先用Auto CAD对模具装配进行初步结构设计，再采用Solid Edge对模具装配进行三维建模，验证其结构的合理性。最后对二维图进行校核，完成模具的零部件结构和装配图纸并编制说明书，系统化的完成整个注塑模具的设计工作。本文对模具设计和制造过程中需要考虑的诸多因素做了详细的分析，并给出了相应的解决方法和证明。同时应用Solid Edge可快捷的将三维图转化为二维工程图，直接指导生产。针对塑件的特点，本模具设计了侧抽芯滑块机构，也构成了本次模具设计的主要内容。
关键词 ：注射模，参数化设计，侧抽芯滑块，卡盖
ABSTRACT
In this paper, card detail covered the process of injection mold design. Injection mold design various systems, such as pouring system, and location-oriented institutions, the lateral sub-type and core-pulling mechanism, and plastic material properties were analyzed. Products based on the number of plastic parts, as well as the structure of the mold using a mold cavity 2. The design parameters of the use of three-dimensional design software Solid Edge for three-dimensional modeling of plastic parts, injection mold parts, such as modeling and assembly design, thus completing the structural design of the entire mold. In specific ways, the first mold assembly of Auto CAD preliminary structural design, re-use of Solid Edge assembly of three-dimensional modeling tool, to verify the rationality of its structure. Finally, to check on the two-dimensional map to complete the mold structure and assembly drawings of parts and components and the preparation of manuals, to complete the systematic design of injection mold. In this paper, the design and manufacture of molds and the need to consider many factors to do a detailed analysis, and the corresponding solutions and prove that. At the same time, Solid Edge can be quickly applied to the three-dimensional map into a two-dimensional engineering drawings, production of direct guidance. For the characteristics of plastic parts, the die design of the side core pulling slider mechanism, but also constitute the main contents of mold design.
Key words ：Injection mould，Parameterization design，Side core slide mrvhsnidm，Card cover
目录
第一章 前言 ........................................................ 1
1.1 模具行业发展的现状 ............................................ 1 1.2 我国模具发展的现状 ............................................ 1 1.3 参数化技术慨述 ................................................ 2 1.4 选题目的以及意义 .............................................. 3
第二章 塑件成型工艺性分析 ..................................... 4
2.1 卡盖三维模型及二维图 .......................................... 4 2.2 结构特征分析及成型工艺性分析 .................................. 5 2.2.1 结构特征分析 .............................................. 5 2.2.2 成型工艺性分析 ............................................ 5 2.2.3 塑件材料的基本性能 ........................................ 5 2.2.4 塑料的成型收缩率 .......................................... 5 2.2.5 塑件材料的流动性 .......................................... 6
第三章 塑件成形工艺与设备 ..................................... 7
3.1 利用MOLDFLOW进行模料流动性分析 ................................. 7 3.1.1 专业模流分析软件Moldflow概述 ............................. 7 3.1.2 流动分析原理 .............................................. 7 3.1.3 Moldflow在卡盖模具设计中的具体运用 ........................ 7 3.1.4 Moldflow充填结果分析 ...................................... 9 3.2 塑成型工艺条件 ............................................... 13 3.2.1 温度 ..................................................... 13 3.2.2 压力 ..................................................... 13 3.2.3 时间 ..................................................... 13 3.3 注射机型号的确定 ............................................. 14 3.3.1 由公称注射量选择注射机 ................................... 15 3.3.2 由锁模力选择注射机 ...................................... 15 3.4 型腔数量以及注射机有关工艺参数的校核 ......................... 16 3.4.1 数量校核 ................................................. 16 3.4.2 注射量校核 ............................................... 16
3.4.3 锁模力的校核 ............................................. 17 3.4.4 注射压力校核 ............................................. 17 3.4.5 安装尺寸校核 ............................................. 17 3.4.6 开模行程校核 ............................................. 19
第四章 注射模具结构设计 ....................................... 20
4.1 型腔的确定 ................................................... 20 4.2 制品成型位置及分型面的选择 ................................... 20 4.3 浇注系统设计 ................................................. 21 4.3.1 主流道设计 ............................................... 22 4.3.2 冷料穴的设计 ............................................. 23 4.3.3 分流道设计 ............................................... 24 4.3.4 浇口的位置、数量的确定 ................................... 24 4.3.5 剪切速率的校核 ........................................... 25 4.3.6 排气系统设计 ............................................. 26 4.4 成型零部件设计 ............................................... 27 4.4.1 凹模结构设计与计算 ....................................... 27 4.4.2 型芯结构设计与尺寸计算 ................................... 28 4.5 模架的选用 ................................................... 29 4.5.1 型腔侧壁以及底板厚度尺寸 ................................. 29 4.5.2 模具高度尺寸的确定 ....................................... 30 4.6 导向与定位机构 ............................................... 31 4.7 脱模机构的设计 ............................................... 33 4.7.1 脱模力的计算 ............................................. 33 4.7.2 推杆脱模机构设计 ......................................... 34 4.8 侧向分型与抽芯机构设计 ....................................... 35 4.8.1 斜导柱的设计 ............................................. 36 4.8.2 滑块的设计 ............................................... 38 4.8.3 楔紧块的设计 ............................................. 40 4.8.4 斜导柱抽芯机构中的干涉现象 ............................... 40
第五章 冷却系统设计 ............................................ 41
5.1 冷却系统的设计原则 ........................................... 41 5.2 冷却系统的计算 ............................................... 41
第六章 模具的装配与调试 ....................................... 44
6.1 装配总图 ..................................................... 44 6.2 模具工作原理 ................................................. 45 6.3 模具的装配过程 ............................................... 45 6.4 试模过程 ..................................................... 46 6.4.1 试模过程中可能产生的缺陷、原因以及调整方法 ............... 46 6.4.2 试模过程记录 ............................................. 48 6.5 模具成型零部件材料的选择 ..................................... 48
结 论 ............................................................... 50 参考文献 ............................................................ 51 致 谢 ............................................................... 52 附录 1 ............................................................... 53 附录 2 ............................................................... 54