本科毕业设计(论文)
题目：红星淀粉厂废水处理工程设计
摘要
在我国主要的工业污水排放中，高浓度有机废水占据了很大比例[1]。而在排放高浓度有机废水中的行业中，淀粉工业产生的废水是其中的大户；淀粉工业废水具有有机物含量高，可生化性好的特点，其COD含量一般在在2000～20000mg/l之间。本设计所处理的某淀粉厂废水水质为：COD：6800-8000mg/L，BOD5：2700-3500mg/L ，SS：1800-3000mg/L ，PH:4—6；出水要求达到《污水综合排放标准》GB8978-1996一级现有标准要求，即COD<200(mg/L) BOD5<80(mg/L) SS<250(mg/L) pH 6～9;达到去除率 COD 97.5%，BOD 97.7%,SS 91.7%。
本设计对该淀粉厂产生的高浓度有机废水的处理工艺进行了详细分析与对比。在废水从工厂排出后，经格栅过滤，泵房提升后，进入调节沉淀池调节水质水量，再由厌氧
西安工业大学毕业设计
工艺UASB处理，通过平流式沉淀池和好氧工艺SBR，最后排出；如此经厌氧和好氧两级处理，工厂排出污水达到国家规定排放标准。本设计厌氧段选取了UASB工艺，好氧段选取SBR工艺，这俩种工艺具有规模小，处理效率高，非常适合工厂废水处理要求等优点，UASB工艺在除去废水中污染物的同时，厌氧菌分解有机物的同时产生沼气，可以解决工厂的一部分能源需求，环保经济性俱佳。
本设计选用工艺具有处理效率高、占地少、经济实用、技术成熟可靠的优点：其运行自动化程度高，节省人力，处理能力稳定，适合于流量较小的工业废水处理。其经济社会效益显著。
关键词：淀粉工业;废水;UASB; SBR; COD; BOD
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西安工业大学毕业设计
Abstract
This design is about the starch industry wastewater treatment; in China's major industrial discharges, the high concentration organic wastewater accounted for a large proportion. In the discharge of high concentration organic wastewater industry, starch industry wastewater generated is one of the big; starch industry wastewater with high organic content, and good biodegradability, the COD content is generally at 2000 ~ 20000mg / l between . The design process of a starch factory wastewater its main components: COD：6800-8000mg/L，BOD5：2700-3500mg/L ，SS：1800-3000mg/L ，PH:4—6; effluent can meet the national standard GB8978-Removal of COD 99%, BOD 99%, SS 99%.
This paper, the starch factory produces a high concentration organic wastewater treatment process is analyzed in detail and contrast. In the wastewater discharged from the factory, after grid filter, pump increased, the sedimentation tank into the regulator regulate water quality and quantity, and then by the anaerobic process UASB processed through radial flow sedimentation tanks and aerobic process SBR, final discharge; so by tired of aerobic two treatment meet the national emission standards. The selected design anaerobic UASB process, a good kind of small segments selected SBR process, maybe kind of process has the small-scale, high treatment efficiency, ideal for wastewater treatment plants, etc., UASB process in removing pollutants in wastewater at the same time, anaerobic decomposition of organic matter while producing biogas plant can be resolved as part of energy demand, environmental economics and taste. The design uses technology capable of handling high efficiency, small footprint, economical and practical, mature and reliable technology advantages: it runs a high degree of automation, saving manpower, processing power and stability, suitable for smaller flow of industrial wastewater treatment. It has remarkable economic and social benefits.
Keywords: Starch Industry; Wastewater; UASB; SBR; BOD; COD
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西安工业大学毕业设计
目录
摘要 ............................................................................................................................................. I Abstract ................................................................................................................................... III 目录 .......................................................................................................................................... IV 第一章 绪论 .............................................................................................................................. 1
1.1设计背景 ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.2设计条件 ...................................................................................................................... 1
1.3.1设计水量的确定 ............................................................................................... 2 1.3.2污水水质及处理程度 ....................................................................................... 2 表1.2 该淀粉厂的污水水质 .................................................................................... 2 1.3.3污水处理工艺方案对比 ................................................................................... 3 1.3.4污水处理工艺选择 ........................................................................................... 4 1.3.5 项目污水处理工艺流程与达到目标 .............................................................. 6
第二章 格栅的设计说明与计算 .............................................................................................. 8
2.1 格栅的设计说明 ......................................................................................................... 8 2.2设计计算 ...................................................................................................................... 8 第三章 调节池沉淀设计说明与计算 .................................................................................... 10
3.1调节沉淀池设计说明 ................................................................................................ 10 3.2 设计计算 ................................................................................................................. 10 第四章 UASB设计说明与计算 ............................................................................................ 12
4.1 UASB设计说明 ..................................................................................................... 12 4.2 UASB反应器工艺构造设计计算 ......................................................................... 13
4.2.1 反应器容积计算 ............................................................................................ 13 4.2.2配水系统设计 ................................................................................................. 14 4.2.3三相分离器工艺构造设计 ............................................................................. 15 4.2.4 出水渠设计计算 ............................................................................................ 18 4.2.5 UASB排水管设计计算 .............................................................................. 20
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西安工业大学毕业设计
4.2.6 排泥管的设计计算 ...................................................................................... 20 4.2.7 沼气管路系统设计计算 ................................................................................ 21 4.2.8 UASB的其他设计 ...................................................................................... 23
第五章 平流式沉淀池的设计说明与计算 ............................................................................ 25
5.1沉淀池设计说明 ........................................................................................................ 25 5.2设计参数 .................................................................................................................... 25 5.3沉淀池设计计算 ........................................................................................................ 26
5.3.1沉淀池主要尺寸 ............................................................................................. 26
第六章 SBR反应池的设计说明与计算 ............................................................................... 31
6.1 SBR反应池设计说明 ............................................................................................. 31
6.1.1序批式活性污泥法（Sequencing Batch Reactor）设计介绍 ....................... 31 6.1.2 SBR设计参数 .............................................................................................. 32 6.2 SBR反应器设计计算 ............................................................................................. 32
6.2.1 SBR反应器尺寸计算 ..................................................................................... 32 6.2.2 SBR运行水位 .............................................................................................. 33 6.3 排水口高度和排水管管径 ....................................................................................... 34
6.3.1排水口高度 ..................................................................................................... 34 6.3.2 排水管管径 .................................................................................................... 34 6.4 排泥量及排泥系统 ................................................................................................... 34
6.4.1 SBR产泥量 ..................................................................................................... 34 6.4.2 排泥系统 ........................................................................................................ 35 6.5 需氧量及曝气系统设计计算 ................................................................................... 35
6.5.1需氧量计算 ..................................................................................................... 35 6.5.2供氧量计算 ..................................................................................................... 36 6.5.3 空气管计算 .................................................................................................... 37
第七章 鼓风机房设计 ............................................................................................................ 39
7.1 供风量 ....................................................................................................................... 39 7.2 供风风压 ................................................................................................................... 39
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