盐城纺织职业技术学院
学院毕业设计（论文）
PLC在饮料自动售货机控制系统中的应用
摘要
自动售货机是一种全新的商业零售形式，20世纪70年代自日本和欧美发展起来。它又被称为24小时营业的微型超市。在日本，70％的罐装饮料是通过自动售货机售出的；全球著名饮料商可口可乐公司在全世界就布有50万台饮料自动售货机。 在中国,自动售货机1999年开始进人中国市场．如今，在机场、地铁、商场、公园等客流较大的场所，已不难发现自动售货机
[1]
的身影。
从自动售货机的发展趋势来看，它的出现是由于劳动密集型的产业构造向技术密集型社会转变的产物。大量生产、大量消费以及消费模式和销售环境的变化，要求出现新的流通渠道；而相对的超市、百货购物中心等新的流通渠道的产生，人工费用也不断上升；再加上场地的局限性以及购物的便利性等这些因素的制约，无人自动售货机作为一种必须的机器便应运
而生了。
它的售货领域非常广泛，是发达国家商品零售的一种主要方式。近几年，自动售货机逐渐被越来越多的消费者所接受。但由于售货机分布零散、范围广阔的特点，自动售货机在为消费者带来方便的同时，也为经营者在监控、管理、维护等方面带来很大的不便。目前售货机运行的各种情况都需要由人工判
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盐城纺织职业技术学院
断，包括缺货、缺零钱、币箱已满、售货机机械故障等，经营者普遍采用人工定时巡回视察的管理办法，既费时费力，又无法及时准确获取自动售货机状态报告，给经营者增加了管理成
本和难度，也有可能给消费者的正常消费造成不便[2]。 本系统的设计和实现可以使自动售货机的经营者可以根据网络统计的销售状况进行商品销售状况分析，预测商品的销售走势，确定合理的采购和配送策略，以期获得最高的投资回报率。同时售货机的一些故障信息和警报信息可以实时的传送到相应运营人员，从而可以在第一时间内发现并解决问题。
关键词 自动售货机； 商业；PLC;
Abstract
The vending machine is a new commercial retail form, the 1970 s since the Japanese and the European and American developed. It has been called the 24-hour miniature supermarket. In Japan, 70% of canned beverage is through the vending machine sold; Global famous beverage business the Coca-Cola company in the world is
500000 sets of cloth has a drink vending machine.
In China, the vending machine in 1999 into the Chinese market start. Now, at the airport, the subway, shopping malls, parks and other large passenger flow, site of the already is not hard to find the
vending machine figure [1].
From the vending machine development trend, it is the emergence
of the labor-intensive industry structure due to technology intensive social change of the product. Mass production, large amount of consumption and consumption patterns and sales environment changes, there is a new requirement channels; And relative to the shopping center supermarkets, department and so
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盐城纺织职业技术学院
on the new distribution channels of generation, artificial costs are rising; Plus the limitations of the convenience of shopping and factors such restriction, and there is no one to the vending machine
as a must machine will emerge as The Times require.
Its sales field is very wide, is the developed countries retail one of the main ways. In recent years, the vending machine gradually by more and more consumers to accept. But because the vending machine scattered distribution, wide range of features, the vending machine in the convenience brought for consumers, but also for the monitoring and management, in the maintenance and bring a lot of inconvenience. At present the chance done conditions are needed by artificial judgment, including out of stock, lack of change, currency box is full already, vending machine mechanical
fault and so on, widely used artificial timing tour operators inspection measures for the control of both time-consuming, and then can't get timely and accurate vending machine status report, to increase the cost of management and business operators difficult, and may also cause inconvenience normal consumption of
consumers [2].
The design and implementation of the system can make the vending machine operator can according to the condition of sales of the network statistics on the commodity sale condition analysis, forecast the goods sold situation, the determination of reasonable procurement and distribution strategy, in order to get the best return on investment. And some of the vending machine failure information and alarm information can be transmitted to the corresponding real-time operation personnel, which can be found
in the first time and solve problems
Key words vending machine; Programmable xu controller;
Ladder diagram.
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盐城纺织职业技术学院
目录
第一章 绪论 ...........................................................................................................................................................6
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盐城纺织职业技术学院
1．自动售货机的简介.......................................................................................................................................6 1.1 自动售货机得起源于发展 ................................................................................................................6 1.1．2 自动售货机的功能分析 ..............................................................................................................7 第二章 PLC概述 .................................................................................................................................................8 2.1 PLC组成 ......................................................................................................................................................8 2.1.1 PLC的输入 ..........................................................................................................................................8 2.1.2 PLC的输出........................................................................................................................................9 2.1.3 PLC的控制机制.............................................................................................................................10 2.1.4 PLC的定义 ........................................................................................................................................12 2.1.5 PLC的特点 ........................................................................................................................................12 2.1.6 PLC的性能指标 ...............................................................................................................................13 2.1.7 PLC的分类......................................................................................................................................14 第三章 PLC工作原理 ......................................................................................................................................15 3．1PLC工作方式.............................................................................................................................................15 3.1.1 循环扫描 .........................................................................................................................................15 3.1.2 I/O响应时间 .................................................................................................................................17 3.1.3 PLC中的存储器.............................................................................................................................18 3.2 PLC的编程语言 ...............................................................................................................................18 3.3.1 PLC的编程结构功能图 ...............................................................................................................19 3.3.2 梯形图编程语言............................................................................................................................20 3.4 PLC的分类 ............................................................................................................................................22 3.4.1 按I/O点数容量分类...................................................................................................................23 3.4.2 按结构形式分 ................................................................................................................................24 第四章 自动售货机PLC程序设计.................................................................................................................26
4.1自动售货机设计思路 ···························································································26 4.2 顺序功能图 ············································································································27 4.3 I\\O点的分配 ··········································································································27 4.4 外部接线·················································································································28 4.5 程序设计部分 ······································································································29 4.5.1 程序设计说明··································································································29 4.5.2 程序设计 ········································································································29 结论········································································································································33 结束语 ···································································································································34
致 谢 ..................................................................................................................................................................35 参考文献 ..................................................................................................................................................................36
第一章 绪论
1.自动售货机的简介
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