take down 记下 take effect 见效
take?for example 以??为例 take hold of 抓住 be taken in 被欺骗
take interest in 对??感兴趣 take notice of 注意 take a day off 休假一天 take one's time 从容行事 take out 取出；擦掉 take over 接管 take part in 参加
take pride in 以??为自豪 take the lead 带头 take the place of 代替 take place 发生 take turns 轮流 take after 相似
take down 拆掉；拆除；写下；记录
take off 脱去(衣服)；起飞；(理念，产品等)成功 take on 承担(工作、责任等)；呈现；雇佣，聘用 take up 开始从事(某工作)；占(时间、场所等) take in 吸收；理解；领会；欺骗 take back 收回；退回(事物) take away 使消失；取走 take for 误认为，以为
take?for granted ??习以为常
①Einstein liked Bose's paper so much that he ______ his own work and translated it into German.
A. gave off B. turned down C. took over D. set aside
用介词或副词填空
②Now I'll give you some tablets to take ________ the pain. ③The policeman took ________ all particulars of the accident. ④Take your coat ________ and sit down.
⑤Now his hair has taken ________ a healthy shine. ⑥So many young men want to take ________ writing.
①D 句意：Einstein非常喜欢Bose的论文，便把自己的工作置于一旁，把论文翻译成德语。考查动词短语辨析。A发出；B拒绝，调低；C接管；D不顾，把??置于一旁。根据句意选D。
②away ③down ④off ⑤on ⑥up
【3】turn to 变成(＝turn into)；转向；翻到；求助于
Their amusement turned to horror when they realized what had happened. 当他们意识到发生了什么事情时，他们的愉悦变成了恐慌。 The girl always turns to her mother when in trouble. 这个女孩遇到困境时，总是向她妈妈求助。 turn up 出现，调大 turn down 关小，拒绝
turn away 拒绝，避开，走开，转身 turn in 上交，退还，向内拐 turn out 结果是，制造，向外，驱逐 turn over 翻转，仔细考虑，移交 turn against 背叛，违反，翻脸 turn back 往回走，翻起，折转 turn around/round 转身
turn a blind eye to 对??熟视无睹 turn a deaf ear to 置若罔闻 turning point 转折点，转向处 — What are you reading, Tom?
— I'm not really reading, just ______ the pages. A. turning off
B. turning around
C. turning over D. turning up
C 句意：——汤姆，你在读什么？——我没在真正地读，只是在随便翻翻。考查动词短语辨析。A关掉；B转变，转身；C翻转，翻身，翻阅；D出现，开大音量。根据句意选C。 【4】 be off to 前往
They were off to Italy (＝ leaving for Italy) and wanted to make an early start. 他们将前往意大利，并且想要早点出发。 go off 走开；开火，爆炸，熄灭，中断 set off 出发，动身，引起，使发生 get off 离开，发出，(使)入睡，匆匆脱下 call off 把??叫走，取消，转移 give off 发出(光、气体等)，放出 show off 炫耀
break off 中断，停止，断交，脱离 ①Suddenly the light ____________. 突然灯熄灭了。
②We ____________ London just after ten. 刚过10点，我们就动身去伦敦了。 ③They ________________ their engagement. 他们已经解除婚约。 ①went off ②set off ③have called off
【5】 run through 跑着穿过??；(使)在??流过；反复练习，复习；匆匆阅读，贯穿于??之中；挥霍
Run through your notes before class. 上课前把笔记复习一下。
This theme runs through the whole book. 该主题贯穿全书。
The heir has soon run through his fortune. 那个继承人很快就把财产挥霍完了。
get through 完成，到达，接通电话，结束，及格
go through 检查，审查，搜查，完成，遭受，经受，经历，穿过，通过 see through 看破，看穿 look through 浏览，快速查看 live through 度过，经历过
The girl is working very hard, expecting to ______ the test. A. get through
B. see through D. run through
C. look through
A 句意：这女孩正在努力学习，希望通过考试。A通过，及格；B看穿；C浏览；D流过，贯穿。根据句意选A
【6】 prevent sb. from doing sth.
(＝ stop/keep sb. from doing sth. )防止/阻止某人做??
在主动语态中，prevent/stop sb. from doing 中的from 可以省略，但是在被动语态中不可以省。keep sb. from doing sth. 中的from主动、被动语态中都不能省，因为keep sb. doing 意为“使某人不停地做某事”。
The heavy rain prevented/stopped her (from) going out. ＝ The heavy rain kept her from going out.
→She was prevented from going out by the heavy rain. 大雨阻止了她出去。
As citizens, we should do what we can to prevent our river ______. A. from polluted C. polluting
B. from polluting
D. being polluted
D 句意：作为市民，我们应该尽力防止我们的河流被污染。A中from后要加being才对。“河流被污染”表被动，故选D。
【1】 By 27 BC, Rome had become an empire, which controlled many parts of Europe. 到公元前27年，罗马已经成为帝国，控制了欧洲的许多地区。
句子中有by ＋过去时间的时间状语或by the time ＋过去时的时间状语从句，谓语动词使用过去完成时。
By the time he was fourteen, Einstein had learned advanced mathematics all by himself. 到爱因斯坦14岁时，他已经自学了高等数学。
When I talked with my grandma on the phone, she sounded weak, but by the time we ______ up, her voice had been full of life. A. were hanging C. hung
B. had hung D. would hang
C 句意：当我与奶奶在电话中交谈时，她的声音听起来很虚弱，但到我们挂断电话时，她的声音已经充满了活力。考查动词时态。据题干her voice had been full of life为过去的过去，因此我们挂断电话为过去的动作。by the time ＋一般过去时的从句，主句用过去完成时，表示“到??时候为止，已经??”。
重点句型
1. I feel lucky to have won a place on this trip. 2. All the people were buried alive , and so was the city.
3. We are off to Naples to visit the museum that houses many of the treasures from Pompeii. 4. Sven found the remains of buildings buried under the sand. 5. They made Professor Zhang chairman of the society. 6. A saying goes that Rome wasn’t built in a day.
7. The money could be better spent on feeding , clothing and housing poor people. 8. What has the world come to when the past matters more than the present? 9. The attack led to the US coming into the Second World War.
10. Not only was Rome a city and a republic , but it also to become the capital of one of the
largest empires in history.
11. The Han Dynasty was founded with Chang’an as its capital city.
12. Now known as Xi’an in Shanxi Province , Chang’an was one of the two largest cities in the
world at that time.
13. In return for silk , China received wine, spices, wool and other goods.
14. It was a different story for China with the formation of the Sui Dynasty in AD 581, which once
again reunited China in AD 589.
重点语法:
宾语补足语与主谓一致 一．单词应用
根据单词的首字母或汉语意思填写正确单词，注意形式变化
1.Both Pompeii and Loulan became lost c______________(文明) about 2,000 years ago. 2. This morning we went to a l____________ about Pompeii.
3. Near the city was a volcano called Vesuvius. On 24th August AD 79, the volcano e_________ and lava, ash and rocks poured out of it onto the surrounding countryside.
4. It continued to erupt for the next three days. U_______________, all the people were buried