A). showing the faulty item to the manufacturer B). explaining exactly what is wrong with the item C). saying firmly that the item is of poor quality D). asking politely to change the item
129. The phrase \A). meet the standard of C). realize the purpose of 130. The passage tells us
B). fulfill the demands of D). keep the promise of
B . A). how to settle a consumer's complaint about a faulty item B). how to make an effective complaint about a faulty item C). how to avoid buying a faulty item
D). how to deal with complaints from customers Passage 27
When an art museum wants a new exhibit, it buys things in finished form and hangs them on its walls. When a natural history museum wants an exhibit, it often must bui1d it realistically---from a mass of materia1 and evidence brought together by careful research.
An animal, for examp1e, must first be skinned. Photographs and measurements are used to determine the animal's structure in a natural position---fighting, resting, or feeding. Then muscle forms are built and a plaster shell is made. Final1y the skin is pulled over the shell like a wet g1ove. This comp1etes the animal subject.
Displaying such things as stone heads, giant trees, and meteorites is basically mechanical. Most other natural history exhibits present more difficult problems. For instance, how can a creature be exhibited when it is too small to be seen clearly? In these cases, 1arger-than-life models are bui1t. The American Museum of Natura1 History has models of fleas, houseflies, and many other insects enlarged up to seventy-four times. The mode1s show the stages of the insects' deve1opment and the workings of their bodies.
131. Natural history exhibits differ from art exhibits in that they __C___. A). are never borrowed
B). are not displayed to the public
C). often must be constructed D). do not require research
132. What is the last step when exhibiting an animal? D A). to skin the animal B). to build the muscle forms C). to make a plaster shell D). to cover the shell by skin
133. The items that are most difficult to display are _C____. A). objects such as meteorites B). large animals
C). creatures too small to be seen clearly D). creatures of the sea
134. The best title for this passage is ______B___. A). Constructing an Animal Subject B). Prob1ems of Exhibiting Natura1 History C). Natural History
D). Building a Museum Exhibit
135. Which of the following is implied? A A). Nothing in a natural history museum is alive. B). Some creatures cannot be disp1ayed. C). Meteorites come from outer space. D). Natural history exhibits often must be bui1t.
Passage 28
What exactly is a lie? Is it anything we say which we know is untrue? Or is it something more than that? For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you. You say \fact, you are not short of money but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debts and you don't want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this. Is this really a lie?
Professor Jerald Jellison of the University of Southern California has made a scientific study of lying. According to him, women are better liars than men, particularly when telling a \
woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it looks awful. However, this is only one side of the story. Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise which they have no intention of fulfilling. This is the kind of 1ie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at: the lie from which the liar hopes to profit or gain in some way.
Research has also been done into the way people's behavior change in a number of small, apparently unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down at the time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer they are saying \now.\tend to touch certain parts of the face more often,
in particular the nose. One
explanation of this may be that lying causes a slight increase in blood pressure. If the nose is very sensitive to such changes and the increased pressure makes it itch.
Another gesture which gives liars away is that the writer Desmond Morris in his book Man Watching calls \of this, such as covering part of the mouth with fingers, touching the upper-lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side of the mouth. Such a gesture can be understood as an unconscious attempt on the part of the liar to stop himself or herself from lying.
Of course, such gestures as rubbing the nose or covering the mouth, or moving about in a chair cannot be taken as proof that the speaker is lying. They simply tend to occur more frequently in this situation. It is not one gesture alone that gives the liar away but a whole number of things, and in particular the context in which the lie is told.
136.According to the passage, a \A) that other people believe B) that other people don't believe
C) told in order to avoid offending someone D) told in order to take advantage of someone 22. Research suggests that women ___A____. A) are better at telling lies than men do B) generally lie far more than men C) often make promises they intend to break D) lie at parties more often than men do
138. Researchers find that when a person tells lies ___C__. A) his blood pressure increases measurably B) he looks very serious
C) he tends to make some small changes in his behaviour D) he uses his unconscious mind
139. One reason people sometimes rub their noses when they lie is that __B___. A) they wish they were somewhere else
B) the nose is sensitive to physical changes caused by lying C) they want to cover their mouths
D) they are trying to stop themselves from telling lies 140. Which of the following may best betray a liar? D A) The touching of the tip of one's nose. B) The changes of one's behaviour. C) \
D) The circumstances in which his lie is told. Passage 29
Friends play an important part in our 1ives, and although we may take the fact of friendship for granted, we often don't clearly understand how we make friends. While we get on well with a number of peop1e, we are usual1y friends with only a very few -- for example; the average among students is about 6 per person.
Moreover, a great many re1ationships come under the genera1 term \In all cases, two people like one another and enjoy being together, but beyond that, the degree of closeness between them and the reasons for their interest in each other vary greatly.
At the beginning, much depends on how people meet, and on good first impressions. As we get to know people, we consider things like age, race, looks, economic and social status, and intelligence. Although these factors are not of the greatest importance, it is more difficult to have a good relationship with people when there is a big difference in age and background.
We pay attention to actual behavior, facial expression, and the way a person speaks. Friends will stand closer together and wil1 spend more time looking at each other than ordinary acquaintances. Smiles and soft voices also express friendliness,
and it is because they may give the wrong signals that shy people often have difficulty in making friends. A friendly look with the wrong facial expression can turn into an unfriend1y stare, and nervousness may be wrongly understood as unfriendliness. People who do not look one in the eye are not trusted when, in fact, they simply do not have confidence.
Some relationships are a result of argument and discussion, but it is usual for close friends to have the same ideas and beliefs, the same opinions and interests -- they often talk about \on the same wavelength\The more closely involved people become, the more they depend on one another. People want to do friends favors and hate to let them down. Equally, friends have to learn to make allowances for each other, to put up with annoying habits, and to accept differences in opinion. Imagine going on a long trip with someone you occasionally meet for a drink! In contrast with marriage, there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the relationship between two people. But the mutual support and understanding that results from shared experiences and emotions does seem to create a close and lasting relationship, which can overcome differences in background, and break down barriers of age, class or race.
141. According to the passage, a friend is ____D___. A) somebody we usually take for granted B) a person with whom we often go out with
C) someone with whom we occasional1y go for a long trip D) not just anybody we get on well with
142. Which of the following factors does the author believe are very important in developing friendship? A A) Age and background. B) Economic and social position. C) Race and looks.
D) Same interests and behavior
143. The passage tells us that sometimes a face with the wrong expression could be mistaken as a sign of _______C______. A) nervousness B) confidence C) unfriendliness