ability ---disability grace ----disgrace C. dis-表示除去.解除 名词前加上dis-转化为动词 courage --- discourage root --- disroot mask --- dismask burden --- disburden (2) ill-后面接以l开头的形容词 legal --illegal logical -- illogical literate -- illterate legible -- illegible (3) im- 后面接以b, m, p, 开头的形容词 mortal -- immortal moral --- immoral (4) ir-用在以r开头的形容词前
rational -- irrational resistble -- irresistible (5) in- 用在以其他字母开头的形容词前 correct -- incorrect accurate -- inaccurate (6) un- 后面接形容词或动词 \不\happy -- unhappy \无\condition -- uncondition 表示\为\主要用在过去分词前
decided -- undecided finished -- unfinished 用在动词前表示做相反的动作
lock -- unlock tie -- untie pack -- unpack Difficlties in excersize 1 on one's way to在......的路上 on the way to在......的路上
He is on the way to become a lawer. = He is on his way to become a lawer. warn sb out of one's way提醒某人让路 in one's way挡路
2 名词前有修饰词时,修饰词的语序时先形容词后名词 3 speed强调加快动作和工作的进程 speed up
accelerate加速 v. reverse 倒车 v.
4 overdressed穿着讲究的 5 overlooked俯瞰
6 as it happened这类事的发生 7 hurl用力投掷
8 project发射 = send up lesson 7 Mutilated ladies
Vocabulary
1 mutilate 毁伤，残害 vt. 通常用做被动语态
He was mutilated in the accident, and now has only one leg. You have already mutilated the novel by making such changes. mutilation切断，残缺不全n. 2 chew咀嚼v.
A lot of people love chewing gums. Don't bite off more than one can chew. chew the fat聊天
chewed up(俚) worried, anxious
Don't get chewed up about your examation. 3 microwave oven微波炉
microswich微型开关 microfilm微缩胶卷 microscope显微镜 microphone microsecond百万分之一秒 microbiology微生物学 4 safekeeping妥善保管 n.
keep sth safe v.phr.---safekeeping n. do evil v.phr. --- evildoing n.
make trouble v.phr. --- troublemaking n. 5 identify v.鉴定 identity n.身份
identification n. 认明, 确认 6 spodeswoman女发言人 Notes on the text
1 段首用疑问句引发读者的兴趣和注意力 2 rescue save 救(性命) salvage(在水中捞)救 rescue 抢救(东西)
Hundereds of people went to help the plane rescue .
3 whiter than white 在英国常见的广告用语，在这里译为 damaged, mutilated 4 make mistakes like this 犯这种错误 5 team组织
a team called Mutilated Ladies which deals with claims from people who fed their money to a machine or to their dogs
called Multitated Ladies 做team的定语, 表达被动意义。which引导定语从句修饰team ,说明这个组织的宗旨和 职能。which 引导的定语从句中又包含一个who引导的小从句，修饰限定people，这里的定语从句是具体说哪一类的人。 6 make a claim 提出要求 7 feed sth to 喂......给..... 这里是拟人
8 concern : is about
A recent case concerns Jane Butlin whose fiancé, John, runs a successful furniture business.
whose引导的定语从句
9 run a factory, run a copany run 经营, 开 10 have a good day 这里指这一天的生意好 11 to keep it safe 为了保险起见
12 put his wallet containing $3,000 into the microwave oven for safekeeping = put his wallet which contained $3,ooo ... 13 go horse-riding 去骑马
14 beautifully-cooked wallet 这里是讽刺,幽默的说法
15 John went to see his bank manager who sent the remains of wallet and the money to the special department of the Bank of England in Newcastle: the Mutilate Ladies! who指代 bankmanager
16 so long as = oncondition that = provided = suppose, supposing 17 pay for为......付款, 付......款 pay off 还清债务
pay back (1)把钱还给某人(2)报复, 报仇 pay money back pay sb back
Special difficulties 1 定语从句 2 现在分词 3 过去分词 4 后缀
--less 表示否定 careless -ful 有, 充满了 hopeful careful -ly
adj.+ -ly ---> adv. happy ---> happily n. + -ly ---> adj. day ---> daily -ic, -pic energetic -ish
childish womanish -able
v. + -able ---> adj. identify ---> identifiable return ---> returnable
Lesson 8 The famous monastery Vocabulary
1 monastery寺院，修道院 Abbot修道院院长 Convent nun修女
Abbess女修道院院长
2 rashly: not thinking enough of the result, boldly 3 enclosure围场，圈地 4 privacy n.宁静，隐居 Notes on the text
1 At 2,473 meters 介词短语修饰全文，放在句首，表示原因，条件或状态 In red, she looks much more beautiful. 2 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句
There were few passengers who escaped without serious injury. 顺利逃出没有受重伤的旅客很少。 非限制性定语从句
There were few passengers, who escaped without serious injury. 旅客很少，都顺利逃出，没有受重伤。
3 who导非限制性定语从句，指代人，在句中做主语 指代事物在非限制性定语从句中只能用which不用that
He lent me a thousand dollars, which was exactly the sum I need. 4 now that 既然
引导时间状语从句，后面接完成时态
Now that you have left university, you have to find a job. 引导原因状语从句时态不限
Now that you won’t help me, I must do the job myself.
5 ever 与 what, who, when, where 连用，加强语气（特别是疑问句的语气） Whoever told you that, didn’t know what he was talking about. 6 attempt to do sth ---try to do sth 前者更正式 7 There be
There are still a few students studying English in the classroom. 8 in cars = by car 9 about = here and there Don’t litter waste papers about. 10 wander about
注意wander和wonder发音不同 11 quite the opposite恰恰相反 12 prefer sth to sth prefer to do than do
He prefers bananas than apples. He prefers reading than doing nothing. He prefers to read than do nothing.
13 the regular visitors to the monastery 来修道院参观的常客
14 These young people, who love the peace of the mountain, always receive a warm welcome at St Bernard’s monastery. Who 引导的非限制性定语从句
Mike, who loves chess very much, entered for the game.
Lesson 9 Flying cats Vocabulary
1 fascinate迷住，吸引住v. be facinated with 近义词：
like , love , be fond of be facinated with 对......着迷 be crasy about , be mad about fascination 迷惑,蛊惑 n.
fascinating 迷 人的, 醉人的 adj. 2 affectionate充满深情的，柔情的 Cat is a kind of affectionate animal. affectionatly adv.深情地 affection n.感情
3 mysterious adj. 神秘的，难以捉摸的 mystery n.秘密
4 submissive adj.服从的，顺从的 = obdient
be submissive to sb submit v.屈服，顺从 submit oneself to sb /sth submission n. 5 feline adj. 猫的 6 independence 独立性 7 windowsill n. 窗槛 8 paratrooper n. 伞兵 9 squirrel n. 松鼠
10 air-resistance n. 空气阻力 11 impact n. 冲击力 Notes in the text
1 Cats never fail to fascinate human beings. never fail to 是双重否定。加深了句子的语义 双重否定又有四种：
（1）never fail to, can't fail to, don't fail to （2）在否定的形容词前加以否定 not reasonable, not uncommon ( 3 ) not+without
You can't obtain English without working hard. ( 4 ) no + not
There is no rule that has no exception. 2 have learned to 学会了，习惯于
3 be supicious of sb 怀疑某人，对某人存有戒心
4 One of the things that fascinates us most about cats is the popular belief that they