第 16 章 主谓一致
真题解析
1．— Have you got some water to drink?
— Here you are．There _______ still some in the bottle． A．are B．has C．is D．have
解析：考查 There be 句型的主谓一致。此题的主语是 some，代指的是前一问句的 water，为不可数名词，故谓语要用单数 is。答案为 C。
2．The woman with her children _______ under the tree． A．are singing B．singing C．is singing
解析：考查 with 修饰的名词的主谓一致。这个句子的 her children 并不是主语，该 with 短语是定语，修饰前面的主语 the woman，故谓语用单数。答案为 C。 考点链接：together with，as well as，but 等也有类似用法。
3．In our school library，there _______ a number of books on science and the number of them _______ growing larger and larger． A．is；are B．are；is C．have；is
解析：考查 number 短语作主语时谓语的判断。第一个空后面的 a number of 表示“许多，大量”，后接名词复数，作主语时谓语用复数；第二个空前面的 the number of 后面也接名词复数，但却表示“??的数量”，作主语时谓语用单数。故答案为 B。 4．— David has been away for more than 25 days．
— I miss him very much．You know，25 days _______ short． A．is B．isn't C．are D．aren't
解析：考查特殊词语的主谓一致。此题的 25 days 虽然为复数主语，但表示时间、距离、金钱、度量衡等的复数形式名词作主语时，通常将其看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。再根据句意“我非常想念他”可判断答案为 B。 5．翻译句子：明天是你还是我去那里?
_______ either you or _______ to the party tomorrow?
解析：考查主谓一致的“就近”原则。此题句中的主语由 either... or... (或者??或者??)连接，谓语要与距其比较近的名词或代词一致，称为“就近原则”，故答案为 Are；going。另外，可用“就近原则”判断主谓一致的有 not only... but also... (不仅??而且??)，not... but... (不是??而是??)，neither... nor... (既不??也不??)，there be 句型等。但要注意， both... and... 表示“??和??都”，连接两个主语时，谓语用复数。
6．It's difficult for me to decide which one to choose，because _______ of them are good．
A．neither B．both C．either D．each
解析：考查表示“两者”的代词作主语时谓语的判断。neither 表示“两者都不”，both 表示“两者都”，either 表示“两者之一”，each 表示两者或以上中的“每一个”。注意 neither，either， each 作主语，谓语都要用单数形式；而 both 作主语，谓语要用复数。此题从谓语 are 可判断答案应为 B。 考点专练
考点 1 专练 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．She as well as the other students _______ (learn) how to type now．
2．A teacher，together with some students，_______ (be) in the park yesterday． 3．The students like Tom _______ (like) computer games． 4．Nobody but Ann and Kate _______ (be) in the classroom．
5．Tom，including all the boys in his class，_______ (love) soccer ball． 答案：1．is learning 2．was 3．like 4．is 5．loves 考点 2 专练 用 be 的适当形式填空
1．What _______ wrong with you last night?
2．— Have you bought any apples? — Yes．But some _______ bad． 3．All of the students _______ in the classroom at that time． 4．Most of the milk _______ bad．
5．— Which of those people _______ your uncle? — The one behind the woman． 答案：1．was 2．are 3．were 4．is 5．is 考点 3 专练 改正下面每个句子中的一处错误 1．There is a good many trees on the hill． 2．Many a student come out．
3．A great many people has moved into new houses．
4．A great deal of money were spent in playing computer games． 答案：1．is → are 2．come → comes 3．has → have 4．were → was 考点 4 专练 将下面的句子译为英语
1．\中有个字母 \。There ____________________________． 2．\有 6 个字母。\． 3．八减去四等于四。Eight ____________________________．
4．十八个人缺席。____________________________ absent． 答案：1．is a \ 2．has six letters 3．minus four is four
4．Eighteen were
考点 5 专练 根据汉语提示完成英语句子
1．Both _______ (在看电视) when I came into the room． 2．Few of them _______ (相信) that now．
3．Several of us _______ (认为) that is wrong． 4．Few pigs _______ (比猫漂亮)．
5．Many _______ (将考及格) the next exam． 答案：1．were watching TV 2．believe 3．think
4．are more beautiful than cats
5．are going to pass
考点 6 专练 用动词 be 适当形式填空 1．What we need _______ more time．
2．What they run short of _______ money．
3．What they wanted to do _______ to escape from the house at that time．
4．What people need _______ more houses． 答案：1．is 2．is 3．was 4．are 提高练习 Ⅰ．单项选择
1．_______ you or she to stay here? A．Are B．Is C．Be D．Was
2．No teacher and no student _______ yet． A．is B．are
C．have come D．has come
3．Every man，woman and child _______ about this thing． A．were talking B．was talking C．were speaking D．was speaking
4．My old friend and classmate _______ in a hospital． A．go B．goes C．works D．work
5．Jim's way of dressing，speaking and using his hand _______． A．is interested B．are interested C．is interesting
D．are interesting 答案：1．A
解析：疑问句的谓语动词常同它邻近的主语的人称和数一致。 2．D
解析：主语被 no 修饰时，谓语动词常用单数。 3．B
解析：用 and 连接的并列主语被 every 或 each 修饰时，谓语动词用单数。 4．C
解析：and 连接的两个部分是同一人或事物，或当作整体看待时，谓语动词用单数。 5．C
解析：如果主语的整体可以用 he，she，it 替代，谓语用第三人称单数形式。 Ⅱ．用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．No one but I _______ (be) wrong． 2．My shoes _______ (wear) out．
3．None of them _______ (listen) carefully now．
4．The cattle on the farm _______ (feed) twice a day in the past． 答案：1．is
解析：注意要与 but 前的内容一致，不能与 I 一致。 2．are worn
解析：此类名词，如 glasses(眼镜)，shoes，socks(袜子)，trousers，pants(长裤)，shorts(短裤)等多以成对意义出现，作主语时，谓语用复数。 3．is／are listening
解析：none 作主语时，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数。 4．were fed
解析：cattle 是“牛”的总称，作主语时，谓语用复数。 Ⅲ．用 be 动词的适当形式填空
Once upon a time，there lied a small town．The population of the town 1 more than 5000，but the number of the old people 2 as large as 4000．The politics 3 in some old men's hands．All kinds of meetings 4 under the control of them．The old men were between 70 and 90 years old．They became older and older．In this town there 5 plenty of rain．One year，it rained hard．It had been raining for 49 days．At last the town was gone．
答案：1．was
解析：population 意为“人口”，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。 2．was 解析：the number of... 意为“……的数字”，作主语谓语动词用单数。但“a number of + 复数名词”作主语谓语用复数，意为“许多”。 3．was
解析：某些以 s 结尾的名词如 maths，physics(物理)，politics(政治)等并非复数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 4．were
解析：由 a kind of，this kind of，many kinds of，all kinds of 以及与 kind 意义相似的 type，sort 等词构成的类似短语作主语时，谓语动词与 of 前的名词保持数的一致。此题谓语与 all kinds 一致，故用复数。 5．was
解析：“lots of，plenty of，most of + 名词”作主语，谓语动词要与 of 后的名词一致。此题的 rain 为不可数名词，故谓语用单数。 综合测试 Ⅰ．单项选择
1．If you _______ to the 2010 Shanghai Expo next month，I will go with you． A．go
B．has gone C．goes
D．are going
2．How time flies! Three years _______ really a short time． A．is B．are C．was D．were
3．The reading room _______ very quiet．I enjoy reading books there． A．am B．is C．are D．be
4．— Leo，_______ no milk or eggs in the fridge． — Oh，I'll go and buy some right away． A．it is B．there is C．there are
5．Every year lots of trees _______ to make our country more beautiful． A．is planted B．was planted
C．are planted D．were planted
6．Everyone _______ I come from Sichuan．Actually，I come from Shandong． A．find B．think C．finds D．thinks
7．— Would you like to go to the concert with me tonight? — I'd love to．but _______ of us couple has tickets．Do you have some? A．both B．neither C．none
8．Climbing hills _______ of great help to our health． A．was B．were C．is D．are
9．— How heavily it rained this early morning．
— Yes．But _______ of the students in our class was late for school． A．some B．none C．all
10．— Which of the two T-shirts do you prefer? — _______ is OK．I don't like their styles． A．Either B．Neither C．Both D．All
11．— What's the news about? — _______ entertainment stars gather to attract donations for Yushu． A．A member of B．A kind of C．A packet of D．A number of
12．The teacher together with his lovely students _______ a special party for donating to Yushu in the following Sunday． A．had B．gives
C．is going to have D．are about to give
13．I am a fan of Liu Qian．_______ his magic _______ his humor attracts me． A．Both... and B．Either... or C．Neither... nor
D．Not only... but also
14．Physics，as well as English，_______ important in middle schools． A．were very B．is great C．are great D．is very
15．The Greens _______ preparing for their trip． A．is B．are
C．has been
D．have
答案：1 — 5 AABBC 6 — 10 DBCBB 11 — 15 DCDDB Ⅱ．用所给动词 be 的适当形式填空