Unit1 What’s the matter?
Section A 1．
What‘s the matter?怎么了？
matter此处为可数名词，意为―毛病；麻烦事‖，通常用于句型What‘s the matter (with sb．)?中，该问句常用来询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦。 -What‘s the matter with him?他怎么了？ -He has a headache．他头痛。
【拓展】①matter还可作不及物动词，意为―要紧；有关系‖，主要用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。
It doesn‘t matter.没有关系。 Does it matter if I‘m a bit late?
②no matter与who，what，where等连用，相当于whoever，whatever, wherever等，可引导让步状语从句。
Don‘t open the door, no matter who comes．不管谁来都别开门。
2．I have a cold．我感冒了。
①此处have为及物动词，意为―患（病）；遭受病痛‖，其第三人称单牧形式为has，过去式为had。have a cold意为―患感冒‖。
Jim had a stomachache after supper yesterday.吉姆昨天晚饭后胃痛。 Do you often have a cold?你经常感冒吗？ ②此处cold为可数名词，意为―感冒；伤风‖。 He had a bad cold last week他上个星期患了重感冒。
Put on the coat, or you‘ll catch a cold．穿上大衣，否则你会感冒的。 【拓展】①cold作不可数名词，意为―冷；寒冷‖。 Don‘t stand outside in the cold不要站在外面寒冷的地方。 ②cold还可作形容词，意为―冷的；寒冷的‖。 It‘s very cold today.今天很冷。
3．I have a stomachache.我胃痛。
Stomachache为可数名词，意为―胃痛；腹痛‖。
Mary didn‘t come to school yesterday because she had a stomachache.昨天玛丽因为胃痛没来上学。
【拓展】在英语中，一部分表示身体部位的名词加上名词ache（疼痛），可以构成合成名词。 如：headache头痛，toothache牙痛，stomachache胃痛，backache背痛，earache耳朵痛。
4. I have a sore back.我背痛。
①Sore为形容词，意为―疼痛的；酸痛的‖，可作定语或表语。 She has a sore throat．她喉咙痛。
My leg is still very sore．我的腿还是很痛。 ②Back在此处为可数名词，意为―背；背部‖。 He hurt his back yesterday．他昨天弄伤了背。
He lay on his back and looked up at the sky．他仰卧着观看天空 【拓展】①back作名词，意为―背面；后面‖。
The boy sat at the back of the classroom.那个男孩坐在教室的后面。 ②back作副词，意为―回原处；往回去‖。
What time does your father often come back?你爸爸经常几点回来？
5. She talked too much yesterday and didn‘t drink enough water.昨天她说话太多，并且没有喝足够的水。
①此处too much相当于一个副词，修饰动词talked，放在后面作状语，意为―太多‖。 She worried too much她过于担心了。
Eating too much is bad for your health吃得太多对健康有害。
②此处enough为形容词，意为―足够的；充足的‖。修饰名词时，常放在名词前，有时也放在名词后。
Some children in Africa don，t have enough food to eat．一些非洲儿童没有足够的东西吃。 There was enough rain last year.去年有足够的雨水。
【拓展】enough作副词，意为―足够地；充分地‖，修饰形容词、副词或动词，且位置后置。 It is good enough for me.它对我来说足够好了。 Is the water warm enough for you?对你来说这水够热吗？
中考·链接
根据句意及首字母提示完成单词
(2012 .湖恩施) Though he has grown up, he isn‘t brave e _ to go out alone at night.
6．Drink some hot tea with honey喝些加有蜂蜜的热茶
With为介词，在此处意为―加上；具有；带有‖，表示事物的附属部分或所具有的性质；其反义词为without
Would you like some tea with sugar?你想喝点加糖的茶水吗？ China is a country with a long history．中国是一个历史悠久的国家。
No man could live without food没有食物，没有人能活。 【拓展】①with意为―和……一起‖。
Mr．Black is talking with a friend．布莱克先生正在和一个朋友谈话。 ②with意为―用（工具、手段等）‖。
You can cut it with a knife．你可以用刀子把它切开。 ③with表示方式、情况或条件。
She likes to sleep with the light on.她喜欢开着灯睡觉。
The teacher came in with a smile on his face．老师面带微笑进来了。
中考·链接
(2013 .山东泰安)-Would you like some coffee，please?
-Yes, and please get some sugar. I prefer coffee sugar. A to B. for C. with D. from
7．Should I take my temperature?我应该量体温吗？ Take one‘s temperature为固定短语，意为―量体温‖。 The nurse took my temperature。那位护士给我量了体温。
8. You need to take breaks away from the computer.你需要离开电脑休息几次。
①need在此处作实义动词，意为―需要‖，后面可接名词、代词、动名词及带to的动词不定式作宾语。
We need to think twice about it.我们对于这件事需要三思而行。 She needs your help．她需要你的帮助。
The room needs cleaning/to be cleaned这房间需要打扫。
【拓展】need作情态动词，意为―需要；必需‖，无人称和数的变化，否定式为needn‘t，后面一般接动词原形。
-Need I finish the work today?我需要今天完成这项工作吗？
-Yes，you must．／No，you needn‘t．是的，你必须。／不，你不必。 If she wants anything，she need only ask．如果她想要什么，她只需说一声。 ②break此处用作可数名词，意为―c课间的，休息‖。 He sat under the big tree to take a break他坐在大树下休息。
There is a 10-minute break between classes．两节课之间有个十分钟的休息。
【拓展】①break作不及物动词，意为―碎；破；断‖。其过去式为broke，过去分词为broken。 Glass breaks easily．玻璃容易碎。
②break作及物动词，意为―弄碎；弄破；弄断‖。
He broke his right leg last month上个月他摔断了右腿。 ③break作及物动词，意为―不遵守（法律、规则等）‖。
The teacher is talking to the student who broke the rules.老师正在和那个违反制度的学生谈话。
9. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.。我想我是一个姿势坐得太久没有移动。
①此处I think为主句，后面为省略连词that的宾语从句。 I think this dog is Mrs. Green‘s．我想这只狗是格林夫人的。 I think that it will rain tonight.我认为今晚会下雨。 ②without为介词，意为―没有；在无……的情况下‖。 Fish can‘t live without water.没有水，鱼儿就不能生存。
You won‘t get good grades without hard work没有刻苦的学习，你就不会取得好成绩.
中考·链接
(2013 .广州)I couldn‘t do it your great help. Thanks a lot!
A. with B. without C. for D. to
10．I think you should lie down and rest．我认为你应该躺下休息。 ①lie(lay，lain，lying)此处为不及物动词，意为―躺；卧‖。
Don，t lie in bed all morning．不要一上午都躺在床上。 He found a dog lying at the door．他发现一只狗躺在门边。
【拓展】①lie作不及物动词，意为―撒谎；说谎‖，过去式和过去分词均为lied，现在分词为lying。
You are lying to me．你在对我撒谎。 ②lie作可数名词，意为―谎言；假话‖。
I know he told a lie just now.我知道他刚才说了假话。 I believe that it is a white lie．我相信这是一个善意的谎言。 ③lay动词，意为―产（卵）；下蛋‖，过去式和过去分词均为laid。
The hens are not laying well at the moment．现在那些母鸡不爱下蛋。
②rest此处为不及物动词，意为―休息‖；rest用作及物动词，意为―使休息。
He lies down and rests for an hour after lunch every day.他每天午饭后躺下休息一个小时。 You should rest your eyes after a lot of reading.长时间阅读后你应该让眼睛休息一下。 【拓展】rest常作可数名词，意为―休息‖。
You must take a rest from your work你必须放下工作休息一下。
11. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor．如果明天你的头和脖子还痛的话，就去看医生。
①此处连词if引导条件状语从句，意为―如果；假如‖。
If she arrives in New York, I‘ll telephone you.如果她到了纽约，我会打电话给你。 ②go to a doctor为固定短语，意为―看医生‖，相当于go to see a doctor。 Bill went to a doctor yesterday.比尔昨天去看医生了。
Don‘t take any medicine before going to a doctor.看医生前别乱吃药。
中考·链接
(2012 .湖北孝感) –I wonder if the psychologist will come to our school this weekend. -If he , we will be very excited.
A come B. comes C. will come D. came
12. At 9 : 00 a.m. yesterday, bus No. 26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road．昨天上午九点，26路公交车正行驶在，中华路上，这时司机看到一位老人躺在路边。
①此处was going为过去进行时结构。过去进行时由―助动词was/were+现在分词构成，表示过去某个时间正在发生或进行的动作。
I was writing a report yesterday afternoon．昨天下午我正在写一份报告。
It was raining when we went home．我们回家时，天正在下雨。 ②see sb doing sth为固定结构，意为―看见某人正在做某事‖。 I saw him getting on a bus just now.刚才我看到他上了一辆公共汽车。
We saw him working in the garden this morning.今天早上我们看见他在花园里干活。 辨析：see sh doing sth与see sh do sth see sh doing sth see sh do sth 意为―看见某人正在做某事‖，强调动作正在进行 意为―看见某人做某事‖，强调动作的整个过程 We saw him crossing the road.我们看见他正在过马路。
We saw him cross the road.我们看见他过马路了。 注意：类似于see这种用法的动词，常还有watch，notice等。
13. He got off and asked the woman what happened.他下了车，问那个妇女发生了什么事。 ①get off为―动词+副词‖结构的短语，人称代词作宾语时，应放在动词与副词之间，此处意为―下车‖。
Never get off while the bus is moving.车在行驶时，切勿下车。
I telephoned her as soon as I got off the train. 我一下火车就给她打电话了。 辨析：get off, get on, get into与get out of