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外文
digital voltage meter Based on single-chip technology
Single chip is an integrated on a single chip a complete computer system. Even though most of his features in a small chip, but it has a need to complete the majority of computer components: CPU, memory, internal and external bus system, most will have the Core. At the same time, such as integrated communication interfaces, timers, real-time clock and other peripheral equipment. And now the most powerful single-chip microcomputer system can even voice, image, networking, input and output complex system integration on a single chip.
Also known as single-chip microprocessor, first because it was used in the field of industrial control. Only by the single-chip CPU chip developed from the dedicated processor. The design concept is the first by a large number of peripherals and CPU in a single chip, the computer system so that smaller, more easily integrated into the complex and demanding on the volume control devices. INTEL the Z80 is one of the first design in accordance with the idea of the processor, From then on, the MCU and the development of a dedicated processor parted ways.
At present, single-chip to infiltrate all areas of our lives, which is very difficult to find the area of almost no traces of single-chip
microcomputer. Missile navigation equipment, aircraft control on a variety of instruments, computer network communications and data transmission, industrial automation, real-time process control and data processing, are widely used in a variety of smart IC card, limousine civilian security systems, video recorders, cameras, the control of automatic washing machines, as well as program-controlled toys, electronic pet, etc., which are inseparable from the single-chip microcomputer. Not to mention the field of robot automation, intelligent instrumentation, medical equipment has been.
Throughout the development process of single-chip, you can indicate the development trend of single-chip, generally are: 1. Of low-power CMOS
MCS-51 series of 8031 introduced the power consumption of 630mW, and now widespread in the single-chip 100mW or so, with the growing demand for low-power single-chip, and now all the basic single-chip manufacturers are use of CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor process). As the 80C51 on the use of HMOS (high density metal oxide semiconductor process) and CHMOS (high-density complementary metal oxide semiconductor process). Although the CMOS low power consumption, but because of its physical characteristics to determine its speed is not high enough, and then CHMOS with high-speed and low power consumption characteristics of
these features, it is more suitable in low power consumption, as battery-powered applications . Therefore, the process for some time to come will be the main way to develop single-chip microcomputer. 2.Singal-chip of micro-chip
Now generally in conventional single-chip will be the central processing unit (CPU), random access data storage (RAM), read-only program memory (ROM), parallel and serial communication interface, system interruption, timing circuits, integrated circuit clock in a single chip, enhanced single-chip integration, such as A / D converter, PMW (pulse width modulation circuit), WDT (watchdog), and some will be single-chip LCD (LCD) driver integrated circuits are in a single chip, this unit includes single-chip circuits on more and more powerful features. Even single-chip manufacturers can also be tailored in accordance with the requirements of users, to create a single chip with its own chip characteristics.
3. Mainstream and multi-species coexistence
Although a wide variety of single-chip, unique, but still single-chip microcomputer 80C51 prevailing at the core, compatible with its structure and command system of PHILIPS products, ATMEL company's products and China Taiwan's Winbond Series single-chip machine. Therefore, single-chip microcomputer as the core C8051 occupied the half. Microchip's PIC and reduced instruction set (RISC) has a strong
development momentum of China Taiwan HOLTEK single-chip companies in recent years, increasing production, with its high quality low-cost advantages, to occupy a certain market share. MOTOROLA addition to the company's products, several large companies in Japan's exclusive single-chip microcomputer. A certain period of time, this situation will continue to be upheld, there will not be a single-chip monopoly domination, taking the complementary interdependence, complementarity and common development.
AT89C51 is a flicker with 4K bytes EEPROM-programmable low-voltage, high-performance digital microprocessors CMOS8, commonly known as single-chip microcomputer. AT89C2051 is a flicker with 2K bytes EEPROM programmable microcontroller. MCU EEPROM erasure can be repeated 100 times. The device ATMEL manufacture high-density nonvolatile memory technology with industry-standard MCS-51 instruction set and pin compatible output. Owing to the multi-purpose 8-bit CPU and flash memory chips in a single portfolio, ATMEL's AT89C51 microcontroller is a highly efficient, AT89C2051 is a streamlined version of it. AT89C single-chip embedded control system for many provides a flexible and inexpensive program. AT89C51 performance : 1. And MCS-51 compatible
2.4K bytes of programmable Flash Memory
3. Life expectancy: 1000 write / wipe cycle 4. Data retention time: 10 years 5. Static work of the whole: 0Hz-24MHz 6. Three-level Program Memory Lock 7.128 × 8-bit internal RAM 8.32 Programmable I / O lines 9. Two 16-bit timer / counter 10.5 Interrupt Sources
11. Programmable Serial Channel 12. Low-power idle and power-down mode 13. Chip oscillator and clock circuitry
Referred to as digital voltage meter DVM, it is a digital measurement technology, the continuous analog (DC input voltage) into a non-continuous, discrete digital form and the instrument display. The characteristics of digital voltage meter： 1.
Show a clear intuitive, accurate readings
Traditional analogue instruments through the use of indicators must be carried out and dial readings in the reading process will be introduced to the inevitable human error. Digital voltage meter is the use of advanced digital display technology, so that the measurement results at a glance, as long as the meter jump phenomenon does not occur, the measurement results is unique.