实验一 路由器基本命令配置
一、实验目的
1、掌握路由器各种模式的切换； 2、掌握路由器不同登陆方式口令的设置； 3、掌握端口IP地址设置等常用命令的使用。
二、 实验环境
三、 实验步骤
1、按照实验拓扑图，使用交叉网线连接PC1与路由器RTA的fa0/0端口。 2、打开路由器RTA电源，启动路由器，观察路由器启动信息，提示是否进入系统配置对话框。
System Bootstrap, Version 12.1(3r)T2, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Copyright (c) 2000 by cisco Systems, Inc.
cisco 2621 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x200) with 60416K/5120K bytes of memory Self decompressing the image :
########################################################################## [OK] Restricted Rights Legend
Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph
(c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013. cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, California 95134-1706 Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-I-M), Version 12.2(28), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc5) Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport Copyright (c) 1986-2005 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Wed 27-Apr-04 19:01 by miwang
1
cisco 2621 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x200) with 60416K/5120K bytes of memory .
Processor board ID JAD05190MTZ (4292891495) M860 processor: part number 0, mask 49 Bridging software.
X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.
2 FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory. 63488K bytes of ATA CompactFlash (Read/Write) --- System Configuration Dialog --- Continue with configuration dialog? [yes/no]: 实验结果分析：
3、在路由器RTA上，输入no，并按回车键，进入路由器用户模式。
Continue with configuration dialog? [yes/no]: no Press RETURN to get started! Router>
实验结果分析：
4、在路由器RTA上，输入enable命令，由用户模式进入特权模式，输入exit命令，由特权模式退回到用户模式。
Router>enable Router#exit
Router con0 is now available Press RETURN to get started. Router>enable Router#
实验结果分析：
5、在路由器RTA上，输入configure terminal命令由特权模式进入全局配置模式，利用hostname命令将路由器的名称改为RTA。
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#hostname RTA RTA(config)# 实验结果分析：
6、在路由器RTA上，利用enable password命令设置由用户模式进入特权模式的密码；设置完成后，退回到用户模式，再进入特权模式，验证设置的密码是否生效。
RTA(config)#enable password cisco RTA(config)#exit RTA#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
2
RTA#exit
RTA con0 is now available Press RETURN to get started. RTA>enable Password: RTA#
实验结果分析：
7、在路由器RTA上，输入configure terminal命令进入全局配置模式，输入line console 0，并利用password、login命令设置由控制台连接路由器的密码；设置完成后，退出路由器设置模式，然后再进入用户模式，验证进入用户模式的密码是否生效。
RTA#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. RTA(config)#line console 0
RTA(config-line)#password cisco RTA(config-line)#login RTA(config-line)#end RTA#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console RTA#exit
RTA con0 is now available Press RETURN to get started. User Access Verification Password: RTA>enable Password: RTA#
实验结果分析：
8、在路由器RTA上，输入configure terminal命令进入全局配置模式，输入interface FastEthernet 0/0进入fa0/0端口模式，利用ip address命令配置fa0/0端口ip地址为100.1.1.254/24，输入no shutdown命令激活fa0/0端口。
RTA#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. RTA(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
RTA(config-if)#ip address 100.1.1.254 255.255.255.0 RTA(config-if)#no shutdown
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
RTA(config-if)#end RTA#
3
实验结果分析：
9、在PC1上，设置PC1的IP地址为100.1.1.1/24，网关为路由器RTA的fa0/0端口ip地址100.1.1.254，在PC1上ping 100.1.1.254，可以ping通，在PC1上利用telnet命令登陆路由器，登陆不成功。
PC>ping 100.1.1.254
Pinging 100.1.1.254 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 100.1.1.254: bytes=32 time=63ms TTL=255 Reply from 100.1.1.254: bytes=32 time=31ms TTL=255 Reply from 100.1.1.254: bytes=32 time=31ms TTL=255 Reply from 100.1.1.254: bytes=32 time=31ms TTL=255 Ping statistics for 100.1.1.254:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 31ms, Maximum = 63ms, Average = 39ms PC>
PC>telnet 100.1.1.254
Trying 100.1.1.254 ...Open
[Connection to 100.1.1.254 closed by foreign host] PC>
实验结果分析：
10、在路由器RTA上，进入全局配置模式，输入line vty 0 4，并利用password命令设置远程登陆路由器时要输入的密码。
RTA#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. RTA(config)#line vty 0 4
RTA(config-line)#password cisco RTA(config-line)#end RTA#
实验结果分析：
4
11、在PC1上利用telnet命令登陆路由器，输入第10步设置的密码，登陆成功，进入路由器RTA用户模式，输入enable命令及相应密码，进入路由器RTA特权模式。
PC>telnet 100.1.1.254
Trying 100.1.1.254 ...Open User Access Verification Password: RTA>enable Password: RTA#
实验结果分析：
12、在路由器RTA特权模式，利用show running-config查看路由器当前配置，利用write命令保存路由器当前配置。
RTA#show running-config Building configuration...
Current configuration : 503 bytes !
version 12.2
no service timestamps log datetime msec no service timestamps debug datetime msec no service password-encryption !
hostname RTA !
enable password cisco !
ip name-server 0.0.0.0 !
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 100.1.1.254 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto !
interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address duplex auto speed auto shutdown !
ip classless !
line con 0
password cisco
5