题 目：学 院：专 业：姓 名：学 号：指导老师：完成时间：
毕 业 设 计 年产6000吨聚丙烯酸钠工艺设计
化学与材料工程学院
高分子材料科学与工程 张艳花 2013-5-30
河南城建学院本科毕业设计 设计说明
设计说明
本次设计是利用单体丙烯酸钠在一定条件下，采用反相悬浮聚合原理合成聚丙烯酸钠。本设计的任务是年产6000吨聚丙烯酸钠悬浮聚合间歇操作工艺的设计。其中主要简述了以丙烯酸和氢氧化钠聚合性单体为主要成分，在疏水性溶剂正庚烷中经反相悬浮聚合，制备高吸水性聚丙烯酸钠。还介绍了聚丙烯酸钠的性质、特性、用途和使用举例以及悬浮聚合的机理、体系和生产工艺，间歇操作的特点及主要原料。
设计主要成果如下：
① 每天的理论产值是18181kg。实际产量为18552kg。实际年产量为6122t。 直径为2500mm配碱釜，直径为1600mm的中和釜，直径为2500mm的聚合釜。体积为12m3的分散介质调配罐，分散介质储罐体积为24m3。材料为不锈钢。
② 主要设备：推进式搅拌器，标准椭圆形封头；支承式支座，釜体夹套。
12m3的分散介质调配罐，24m3的分散介质储罐。沉降式离心机，规格为LW350×1050。配碱釜，中和釜，聚合釜，去离子水储罐。
③ 图纸：1）工艺流程图、2）物料流程图、3）聚合釜的装配图。
关键词：聚丙烯酸钠 物料衡算 热量衡算 生产工艺 主要设备图 工艺流
程图
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河南城建学院本科毕业设计 设计说明
Design Notes
This design is the use of sodium acrylate monomer under certain conditions,
synthesized by inverse suspension polymerization principle sodium polyacrylate. The design of the mission is to produce 6000 tons of high absorbent resin suspension polymerization process design intermittent operation. Mainly acrylic acid and sodium hydroxide outlined polymerizable monomer as a main component, in a hydrophobic solvent of n-heptane by reversed-phase suspension polymerization, sodium polyacrylate superabsorbent prepared. It also describes the nature of the sodium polyacrylate, characteristics, uses and examples as well as suspension polymerization mechanisms, systems and production processes, intermittent operation characteristics and main raw material.
Design of the main results are as follows：
1) Daily theoretical value is 18181kg. Actual production 18552kg. Actual annual output of 61220t.
2) With a base diameter of 2500mm autoclave, the diameter of 1600mm and a kettle, a diameter of 2500mm polymerization vessel. Volume of the dispersion medium to mix the pot 12, a volume of 24. Made of stainless steel.
3) Main equipment: push-stirrer, standard elliptical head; bearing type bearings, kettle body jacket. Deployment dispersion medium tank 12, a dispersion medium tank 24. Decanters, specifications for the LW350 × 1050. Autoclave equipped with a base, neutralization reactor, the polymerization reactor, deionized water tank.
4) Drawings: 1) Process Flow Diagram, 2) material flow, 3) polymerization reactor assembly drawing.
Keywords: Sodium polyacrylate material balance heat balance production process flow chart diagram of major equipment
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河南城建学院本科毕业设计 目录
目 录
设计说明......................................................................................................................... I 1 概述............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 高分子量聚丙烯酸钠研究现状 ......................................................................... 1 1.2 高分子量聚丙烯酸钠的性质和应用 ................................................................. 2 1.2.1 聚丙烯酸钠的性质....................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 聚丙烯酸钠的应用....................................................................................... 2 1.3 高分子量聚丙烯酸钠的需求、生产和应用前景 ............................................. 3 1.4 项目的设计依据 ................................................................................................. 4 1.5 建厂规模及产品规格 ......................................................................................... 5 1.5.1 建厂规模....................................................................................................... 5 1.5.2 产品规格....................................................................................................... 5 2 聚丙烯酸钠的生产工艺............................................................................................ 6 2.1 聚丙烯酸钠聚合的实施方法 ............................................................................. 6 2.2 反向悬浮聚合工艺条件及其影响因素[14] ......................................................... 7 2.2.1分散剂及其助分散剂的选择及其浓度对分子量的影响............................ 7 2.2.2 引发体系的选择及其浓度对分子量的影响............................................... 8 2.2.3 单体浓度对分子量的影响........................................................................... 8 2.2.4 链转移剂对分子量的影响........................................................................... 9 2.2.5 搅拌转速的影响........................................................................................... 9 2.3 后处理工序的选择 ........................................................................................... 10 2.3.1 分离方法的选择......................................................................................... 10 2.3.2 干燥方法的选择......................................................................................... 10 2.4 聚丙烯酸钠的生产工艺流程 ........................................................................... 10 2.5 生产过程主要操作及控制 ............................................................................... 11 3.1 物料衡算与热量衡算 ....................................................................................... 12 3.1.1 物料衡算..................................................................................................... 12 3.1.2热量衡算...................................................................................................... 15 3.2 主要设备工艺尺寸的计算及选型 ................................................................... 18 3.2.1各釜体高度与内径尺寸确定...................................................................... 18 3.2.2 各釜体夹套尺寸的确定............................................................................. 21
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河南城建学院本科毕业设计 目录
3.2.3 分离设备..................................................................................................... 23 3.2.4 干燥设备..................................................................................................... 23 3.2.5 其他设备的选择......................................................................................... 24 3.3 设备一览表 ....................................................................................................... 25 3.4原料主要技术规格、供应及消耗定额 ............................................................ 25 3.4.1原料规格及用量.......................................................................................... 25 3.4.2 原料消耗定额............................................................................................. 26 4 车间设备布置设计.................................................................................................. 27 4.1 车间设备布置的原则 ....................................................................................... 27 4.1.1 车间设备布置的原则................................................................................. 27 4.1.2 车间设备平面布置的原则......................................................................... 27 4.1.3 车间设立面布置的原则............................................................................. 27 4.2 车间设备布置 ................................................................................................... 28 4.2.1车间设备平面布置...................................................................................... 28 4.2.2车间设备立面布置...................................................................................... 28 5 建设工程及公用、辅助工程说明.......................................................................... 29 5.1建设工程说明 .................................................................................................... 29 5.2给水、排水系统 ................................................................................................ 29 5.3电力供应及生产控制 ........................................................................................ 29 6.1环境保护 ............................................................................................................ 30 6.1.1该项目环保设计依据和标准...................................................................... 30 6.1.2环保治理措施.............................................................................................. 30 6.1.3预期效果...................................................................................................... 30 6.1.4环保管理及监测.......................................................................................... 31 6.1.5绿化概况...................................................................................................... 31 6.2劳动安全、工业卫生与消防 ............................................................................ 31 7 概算与技术经济...................................................................................................... 32 7.1 项目投资估算 ................................................................................................... 32 7.2产品成本估算 .................................................................................................... 32 7.3 财务评估 ......................................................................................................... 33 7.3.1 各项经济技术指标计算............................................................................. 33 7.3.2 盈亏平衡分析............................................................................................. 33
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