中山大学新理5.0英语自主学习大厅第四册第一单元F套答案
B4U1-F
Part I Listening Comprehension ( 14 minutes )
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear ten statements. Numbers 1 to 6 are based on Text A while the rest are based on Text B. Each statement will be read ONLY ONCE. Listen carefully and decide whether each statement is true or false.
1. A) T B) F
Script: When the Grand Army led by Napoleon attacked Russia, the Russians fought bitterly against them.
正确答案： B 2. A) T B) F
Script: The battle at Smolensk was a decisive victory for Napoleon.
正确答案： B 3. A) T B) F
Script: The Russian czar refused Napoleon’s truce offer because he knew that the severe Russian winter would defeat Napoleon’s army. 正确答案： A 4. A) T B) F
Script: Napoleon ordered his Grand Army to retreat from Moscow only because the weather there was too cold. 正确答案： B 5. A) T B) F
Script: Hitler expected to conquer the Soviet Union in five weeks. 正确答案： B 6. A) T B) F
Script: In answer to the call of the “scorch the earth” by Stalin, the Russians burned or
destroyed their farms and factories.
正确答案： A 7. A) T B) F
Script: The purpose of the Normandy Landings was only to free French people from the occupation of German army. 正确答案： B 8. A) T B) F
Script: Although the weather of 5 June was bad, General Eisenhower gave the order of the invasion of Normandy.
正确答案： B 9. A) T B) F
Script: At the beginning of the assault, the German army were taken completely by surprise only because of the bad weather. 正确答案： B 10. A) T B) F
Script: The Allied forces led by General Eisenhower succeeded in the Normandy Landings after overcoming many difficulties caused by bad weather.
正确答案： A
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941 was one of the most successful surprise attacks in the history of modern (11)_________________ . Japanese warships, including several aircraft carriers, crossed the western Pacific to Hawaii without being seen. They launched their warplanes on Sunday morning to attack the huge American (12)_________________ and air base.
Many of the American sailors were asleep or at (13)_________________ . They were completely surprised. In fact, some Americans outside the base thought the Japanese planes must be American airmen making training (14)_________________ in new airplanes. The sounds of guns and (15)_________________ soon showed how wrong they were.
The Japanese planes (16)_________________ or seriously damaged six powerful
American battleships in just a few minutes. They killed more than three thousand (17)_________________ . They destroyed or damaged half the American airplanes in Hawaii.
American forces were so surprised that they were (18)_________________ much of a fight. Japanese losses were very light.
Japan’s destruction at Pearl Harbor was so complete that officials in Washington did not tell the full details immediately to the American people. They were afraid the nation might panic if it learned the truth about the loss of so much (19)_________________ .
The following day, President Roosevelt went to the Capitol building to ask Congress for a declaration of war against Japan. The Senate (20)_________________ without opposition. In the House of Representatives, only one congressman objected.
Three days later, Germany and Italy declared war on the United States. Congress reacted by declaring war on those two countries.
Script: Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941 was one of the most successful surprise attacks in the history of modern warfare. Japanese warships, including several aircraft carriers, crossed the western Pacific to Hawaii without being seen. They launched their warplanes on Sunday morning to attack the huge American naval and air base.
Many of the American sailors were asleep or at church. They were completely surprised. In fact, some Americans outside the base thought the Japanese planes must be American airmen making training flights in new airplanes. The sounds of guns and bombs soon showed how wrong they were.
The Japanese planes sank or seriously damaged six powerful American battleships in just a few minutes. They killed more than three thousand sailors. They destroyed or damaged half the American airplanes in Hawaii.
American forces were so surprised that they were unable to offer much of a fight. Japanese losses were very light.
Japan’s destruction at Pearl Harbor was so complete that officials in Washington did not tell the full details immediately to the American people. They were afraid the nation might panic if it learned the truth about the loss of so much American military power.
The following day, President Roosevelt went to the Capitol building to ask Congress for a declaration of war against Japan. The Senate approved his request without opposition. In the House of Representatives, only one congressman objected.
Three days later, Germany and Italy declared war on the United States. Congress reacted by declaring war on those two countries.
正确答案： warfare 正确答案： naval 正确答案： church 正确答案： flights 正确答案： bombs 正确答案： sank 正确答案： sailors
正确答案： unable to offer
正确答案： American military power
正确答案： approved his request
Part II Reading Comprehension ( 25 minutes )
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with several blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
As Hitler’s armies drew closer and closer to Moscow, an early, severe winter 21 the Soviet Union, the harshest in years. Temperatures dropped to minus 48 degrees Celsius. Heavy snows fell. The German soldiers, completely 22 for the Russian winter, froze in their light summer 23 . The German tanks lay 24 in the heavy snowbanks. The Russian winter brought the German offensive 25 .
By the summer of 1942, Hitler had launched two new 26 . In the south, the Germans captured Sevastopol. Hitler then pushed east to Stalingrad, a great industrial city that stretched for 48 kilometers along the Volga River. Despite great suffering, Soviet defenders refused to 27 Stalingrad.
In November 1942, the Russians launched a 28 . With little or no shelter from the winter cold in and around Stalingrad, German troops were further weakened by a lack of food and supplies. Not until January 1943 did the Germans give up their siege. Of the three hundred thousand Germans attacking Stalingrad, only ninety thousand 29 soldiers were left. The loss of the battle for Stalingrad finally 30 against Hitler. The German victories were over, thanks in part to the Russian winter.
A) uniforms B) settled over C) to a halt D) counterattack E) unprepared F) siege G) buried H) give up
I) offensives J) dropped K) captured L) thanks M) turned the tide N) shelter O) starving
21. ______________________ 正确答案： B
22. ______________________ 正确答案： E
23. ______________________ 正确答案： A
24. ______________________ 正确答案： G
25. ______________________ 正确答案： C
26. ______________________ 正确答案： I
27. ______________________ 正确答案： H
28. ______________________ 正确答案： D
29. ______________________
正确答案： O
30. ______________________ 正确答案： M
Section B
Directions: There are several passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.
Passage One
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
We are all inclined to believe that our generation is more civilized than the generation that preceded ours. From time to time, there is even some substantial evidence that we hold in higher regard such civilized attributes as compassion, pity, remorse (懊悔), intelligence and a respect for the customs of people different from ourselves. Why war then?
Some pessimistic historians think the whole society of man runs in cycles and that one of the phases is war. The optimists, on the other hand, think war is not like an eclipse (日食) or a flood or a spell of bad weather. They believe that it is more like a disease for which a cure could be found if the causes were known.
Because war is the ultimate drama of life and death stories and pictures of it are more interesting than those about peace. This is so true that all of us, and perhaps those of us in television more than most, are often caught up in the action of war to the exclusion of the ideas of it.
If it is true, as we would like to think it is, that our age is more civilized than ages past, we must all agree that it’s very strange that in the twentieth century, our century, we have killed more than 70 million of our fellowmen on purpose, at war. It is very strange that since 1900 more men have killed more other men than in any other seventy years in history.
Probably the reason we are able to do both, that is, believe on the one hand that we are more civilized and on the other hand wage war to kill ? is that killing is not so personal an affair as it once was. The enemy is invisible. One man doesn’t look another in the eye and run him through with a sword. The enemy dead or alive is largely unseen. He is killed by remote control: a loud noise, a distant puff of smoke and then silence. The pictures of the victim’s wife and children, which he carries in his breast pocket, are destroyed with him. He is not heard to cry out. The question of compassion or pity or remorse does not enter into it. The enemy is not a man; he is a statistic. It is true, too, that more people are being killed at war now than previously because we’re better at doing it than we used to be. One