中国科学院研究生院英语B考试大纲
声明：北京理工大学出版社出版的《中国科学院博士学位英语考试应试指南》依据的是旧的大纲，实际考试形式以这里的大纲为准。
笔试部分
笔试部分由试卷一和试卷二构成。试卷一包括：听力、英语知识运用与阅读理解两部分。试卷二为书面表达部分。时间总长共150分钟，满分100分。
试卷一 （75分）
第一部分：听力（20分）
本部分考查考生理解英语口语、获取特定信息以及简要笔记的能力，由A、B两节组成。
A节：共10题，每题1分。要求考生根据所听到的10段对话，从每题所给的4个选项中找出最佳答案。每题有12-15秒答题时间。每段对话的录音只播放一遍。
B节：共10题，每题1分。要求考生根据所听到的3篇对话或独白简要回答10道有关该对话或独白的问题。问题在试卷中印出但不在录音中读出。录音材料只播放一遍。
本部分大约需要25分钟。
第二部分：英语知识运用与阅读理解（55分）
本部分考查考生对用于一定语境中的词汇、表达方式和结构的掌握和理解书面英语的能力，由A、B和C三节组成。
A节：共15题，每题1分。在1篇约300词的短文中留出15个空白，要求考生从短文后提供的30个词或表达式中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意义通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。其中有11-12道题考查词汇和表达方式，3-4道题考查语法和语篇结构。本节大约需要20分钟。
B节：共20题，每题1.5分，共30分。考查考生理解总体和特定信息、猜词悟义、推断作者态度和意图的能力。要求考生根据所提供的4篇文章（平均每篇约400词）的内容，从每题所给的4个选择项中选出最佳选项。本节大约需要35分钟。
C节：共10题，每题1分。考查考生对诸如连贯性和一致性等语段特征的理解。要求考生根据2篇留有5段空白的文章（平均每篇约400词）的内容，在每篇文后所提供的6段文字中选择能分别放进该文章中5个空白处的5段。本节大约需要20分钟。
本部分总需时间约75分钟。
试卷二 （25分）
本部分考查考生英语书面表达的能力，由A、B两节组成。
1
A节：共1题，10分。要求考生根据所提供的1篇长约450词的、有相当难度的文章写出1篇字数为120—150词的内容提要（约占原文的1/4-1/3）。本节大约需要20分钟。
B节：共1题，15分。根据命题写1篇不少于200词的文章。本节大约需要30分钟。
本部分总需时间50分钟。
口试部分
形式：口头报告
中国科学院研究生院英语B考试笔试试卷结构表
试卷一 编号 内容与题型 题量 分值 时间（分钟） A节 10段对话 10 10 10 第1部分 (第1-10题) (多项选择题) 听力 B节 3段对话或独白 10 10 15 (第11-20题) (书面简答题) A节 1篇短文填空 15 15 20 第2部分 (第21-35题) (综合选择题) 英语知识B节 4篇阅读理解 20 30 35 运用及阅(第36-55题) (多项选择题) 读理解 C节 2篇短文阅读 10 10 20 (第56-65题) (选择搭配题) 试卷二 A节 1篇内容提要 1 10 20 书面表达 B节 1篇命题作文 1 15 30 总计 100 150
注：试卷一为100分钟，试卷二为50分钟，全部考试共计150分钟。
2
A Sample Test
PAPER ONE (100 minutes)
Part I Listening Comprehension
Section A (10 points)
Directions: In this part, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each
conversation, a question will be asked about what is said. Each conversation and the question will be spoken only once. When you hear the question, read the four choices of the answer given and choose the best one by marking the corresponding letter A, B, C, or D on your Answer Sheet I.
1. A. Go back home. B. Mail a letter. C. Do the shopping. D. Ask the way.
2. A. Dennis always alters his idea about an outing. B. Dennis has no choice but to come with them.
C. It’s surprising that Dennis would come with them. D. Dennis has at last agreed to go out.
3. A. Go out for fun with the girl. B. Travel with the girl to Holland. C. Try not to spend so much money. D. Let the girl pay her own bill.
4. A. The man should reschedule the trip. B. She has no idea when the semester ends.
C. She’ll call the travel agency to confirm the date. D. The man should spend his holidays somewhere else.
5. A. He forgot to mail the letter. B. He left the letter in his office. C. The letter slipped off his desk.
D. He should have put the letter in his bag.
6. A. He was exhausted. B. He was drunk. C. He was worried.
D. He was late for work.
7. A. In a mall.
B. In a pharmacy. C. In the cleaner’s.
D. In a department store.
3
8. A. The woman argued for her innocence at court.
B. The woman complained that she was forced to pay the fine. C. The woman has got away with many violations of traffic law.
D. The woman pleaded ignorance this time of her violation of the traffic law.
9. A. Jack has to meet a tight deadline. B. Jack has completed his assignment C. Jack got himself burnt last night. D. Professor David is a pleasant figure.
10．A. He does not like Beth.
B. He thinks the world is too crowded.
C. He is too excited to do anything about the party. D. He will not help arrange for the party.
Section B (10 points)
Directions: In this part, you will hear three mini-talks and each of them will be spoken
only once. While listening to them, read the questions that follow each talk. You will be asked to write down your answer on your Answer Sheet II, using one sentence only, either complete or incomplete. Your answer should be concise and to the point.
Questions 11 to 13 are based on Mini-talk One: Mini-talk One
11: How much grain do rats destroy each year in India? 12: Where do rats live?
13: How do rats spread diseases indirectly?
Questions 14 to 16 are based on Mini-talk Two: Mini-talk Two
14: What education does the vast majority of US Postal Service jobs require? 15: When can one know the special requirements for some postal jobs?
16: In addition to the variety of paid leave, what other benefits are provided for a postal employee? (List at least two.)
Questions 17 to 20 are based on Mini-talk Three: Mini-talk Three
17: Why is popular art said to be primarily entertainment?
18: What is the distinction in art between a professional and an amateur? 19: How does high art differ from popular art financially?
20: What are people interested in high art often required to do?
Part II Use of English and Reading Comprehension
4
Section A (15 points)
Directions: There are 15 blanks in the following passage. Read the passage carefully
and fill in each of the blanks by choosing the right word or phrase from the list given below. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet II. Capitalize the word when it is necessary. The words and phrases listed are twice as many as the blanks. Once a word or phrase is chosen, it must be used only once.
challenged, precede, destroyed, in case, estimated, like, discern, separated, fortunately, continue, overcome, regrettably, exceeded, ever, therefore, as, continuous, following, balanced, simultaneously, when, feasible, adversely accompanying, instantaneously, transforming, once, than, that, while Many of the most damaging and life-threatening types of weather—torrential rains, severe thunderstorm, and tornadoes—began quickly, strike suddenly, and dissipate rapidly, devastating small regions 21 leaving neighboring areas untouched. One such event, a tornado, struck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado 22 $ 250 million, the highest 23 for any Canadian storm. Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-lived local storms 24 the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to discern the subtle atmospheric changes that 25 these storms. In most nations, for example, weather-balloon observations are taken just 26 every twelve hours at locations typically 27 by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions 28 they do forecasting specific local events.
Until recently, the observation—intensive approach needed for accurate, very short-range forecasts, or “Nowcast”, was not 29 . The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was prohibitively high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were insurmountable. 30 , scientific and technological advances have 31 most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly 32 observations over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and 33 , and modern computers can quickly compile and analyze this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of 34 raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. 35 meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, nowcasting is becoming a reality.
Section B (20 questions×1.5 points= 30 points)
Directions: Read the following passages carefully and then select the best answer from
the four choices given to answer each of the questions or complete each of the statements that follow each passage. Mark the letter of your choice on your Answer Sheet I.
5