西 南 交 通 大 学 本科毕业设计
调频调幅接收机的设计与实现
二零一五年六月
西南交通大学本科毕业设计
摘 要
收音机在现代社会中有着广泛的作用，人们可以欣赏音乐，丰富业余生活，还可以了解各方面的信息，股票、新闻应有尽有，做到足不出户尽知天下事。从分立元件收音机到集成电路收音机，收音机的技术已经发展的相当成熟。本文主要设计的是分立元件收音机。
本文主要介绍了收音机的相关知识和设计制作。通过对收音机的设计，能清楚的掌握信号在接收机中的流程和变换过程；通过对收音机组成电路的分析，可以了解到调频调幅接收机内部电路的工作原理和参数设计以及信号传输的带宽；通过对收音机电路的调整，可以了解到噪声的影响。
在第一章中，介绍了收音机发展以及背景，了解调频调幅接收机的发展过程和应用意义。第二章中，讲述了收音机的工作流程以及工作原理，对收音机有一个全面的了解。第三章中，就对收音机具体的电路和参数进行了分析，详细的叙述了调频头电路、中放电路、检波电路等电路的设计，并且比较了调频和调幅的优缺点。第四章中，讲述了在焊接器件时所需要注意的问题。第五章中，讲述了在焊接完毕之后，对收音机的调整，使收音机可以正常工作。本课题采用超外差式收音机设计方法，它具有灵敏度高，工作稳定，噪声小，选择性好以及失真度小等优点。但是分立元件收音机体积比较大，不适合现在生活的需求。
关键词：调频调幅接收机； 调频头电路； 检波电路； 中放电路
第II页
Abstract
Radio has a wide range of roles in modern society, people can enjoy music, rich leisure life, You can also learn about various aspects of information, stocks and news, everything, to make known the world without leaving home to do something.Radio from discrete components to the integrated circuit radio, radio technology has developed quite mature. In this paper, the design is discrete components radio.
This article describes the design and relevant knowledge of radio.Through the radio design, we can clearly grasp the signal flow and transformation process in the receiver; by radio circuit analysis, By analyzing the composition of the radio circuit, we can understand the working principle and parameter design, and signal transmission AM FM receiver bandwidth internal circuit; By adjusting the radio circuit, we can understand the influence of noise.
In the first chapter introduces the development of radio and background and background of the radio to understand the development process and the application significance of AM FM receiver. The second chapter tells the radio workflow and the working principle of the radio to have a comprehensive understanding. Chapter III, on the radio on a specific circuit and parameters are analyzed in detail described the FM head circuit design amplifier circuit, detection circuit and other circuits, and compare the advantages and disadvantages of FM and AM.The fourth chapter, describes in the welding device details that need attention.Fifth chapter describes after welding is completed, the adjustment of the radio, so that radio can work properly.This paper I use superheterodyne design methods, it has a high sensitivity, stability, low noise, good selectivity and distortion is small.But the relatively large size of the discrete components radio , not suitable for the needs of real life now.
Keywords: AM FM receiver; FM head circuit; detection circuit; the amplifier circuit
目 录
摘 要 ................................................................................................................................ II ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................... III 第1章 绪 论 ...................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 本论文的背景和意义 ............................................................................................. 1 1.2 相关技术发展应用介绍 ......................................................................................... 2 1.3 本论文的主要内容 ................................................................................................. 3 1.4 本论文的结构安排 ................................................................................................. 3 第2章 调频调幅接收机的设计 .......................................................................................... 5
2.1 调频调幅接收机的原理 .......................................................................................... 5 2.2 调幅调频广播的特点 .............................................................................................. 7
2.2.1 调幅波的特点 ................................................................................................ 7 2.1.2 调频波的特点 ................................................................................................ 7 2.3 超外差式收音机 ...................................................................................................... 9 第3章 调频调幅接收机的电路 ........................................................................................ 10
3.1 调频头电路 ............................................................................................................ 10
3.1.1 调频头电路的设计 ...................................................................................... 10 3.1.2 选频网络 ....................................................................................................... 11 3.1.3 变频电路 ...................................................................................................... 12 3.2 中频放大器 ............................................................................................................ 17 3.3 检波电路 ................................................................................................................ 19 3.4 功率放大电路 ........................................................................................................ 21 3.5 调频调幅收音机总体电路 .................................................................................... 24 第4章 元器件的选择与焊接工艺 .................................................................................... 26
4.1 元器件的选择 ........................................................................................................ 26 4.2 元器件的焊接 ........................................................................................................ 28 第5章 收音机的调试 ........................................................................................................ 29 结 论 .............................................................................................................................. 32 致 谢 .............................................................................................................................. 33 参考文献 .............................................................................................................................. 34 附 录 1 调幅收音机元器件 .......................................................................................... 36