25.解:(1)设抛物线解析式为:y?a(x?1)2?4(a?0). ∵过(0,3),∴a?4?3,∴a??1. ∴y??(x?1)2?4??x2?2x?3.
(2)B(3,0),C(0,3).直线BC为y??x?3. ∵S?PBC?S?QBC,∴PQ//BC. ①过P作PQ//BC交抛物线于Q, 又∵P(1,4),∴直线PQ为y??x?5.
??y??x?5?y??x2?2x?3. 解得??x1?1?x2?2?4;?y?.∴?Q1(2,3)1y2?3.
②设抛物线的对称轴交BC于点G,交x轴于点H.G(1,2),∴PG?GH?2. 过点H作Q2Q3//BC交抛物线于Q2,Q3. 直线Q2Q3为y??x?1.
∴??y??x?1?y??x2?2x?3. ??x?3?17?x3?17解得?1?2??2;?21?17?. ?y???y??1?17??12??22∴Q3?17?1?17?2???,?3?17?1?17??2,2??Q?3??,?22??. ?满足条件的点为Q(2,3),Q?3?17?1?17??3?17?1?17?12???2,2??,Q?3???2,2??. ?(3)存在满足条件的点M,N.
如图,过M作MF//y轴,过N作NF//x轴交MF于F,过N作NH//y轴交BC于H. 则?MNF与?NEH都是等腰直角三角形.
设M(x1,y1),N(x2,y2),直线MN为y??x?b.
∵??y??x?b??x?2x?3,∴x2?3x?(b?3)?0. ?y2∴NF2?x21?x2?(x1?x22)?4x1x2?21?4b.
?MNF等腰Rt?,∴MN2?2NF2?42?8b.
又∵NH2?(b?3)2,∴NE2?12(b?3)2. 如果四边形MNED为正方形,
∴NE2?MN2,∴42?8b?12(b2?6b?9). ∴b2?10b?75?0,∴b1??15,b2?5.
正方形边长为MN?42?8b,∴MN?92或2.