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change electromotor rotational speed self-acting control main axle rotational speed, has omitted the gear box which the traditional machine Tool used, causes its structure further to simplify. The headstock and the lathe bed attachment point, increased orbital and the ball bearing guide screw, thus has realized in the Y direction migration.
Increases a set of worm and worm wheel in the main axle part, the worm gear and the main axle coaxial, through clutch connect to main axle, when processing work piece motionless complex job, through worm gear worm bearing adjuster rotation, thus realizes in the Z direction adjustment. For example processing as shown the work piece in Figure 4(a), The work piece four hole uniform distribution around the main axle center, rotates a angle through the adjustment worm bearing adjuster impetus worm gear, causes to process the hole center with the main axle center in the identical horizontal plane, then moves the headstock L distance in the Y direction, like this is processed the hole center on with cutting tool center superposition like chart 4b to show, has realized by the job in X, Y, on the Z axis adjustment. If needs to process the big volume deep hole work piece, also may trade the headstock, installs the work table then.
Figure 5: The 3D graph of tool bracket
(3) Cutting tools system
The cutting tools auxiliary module mainly includes the cutting tool, bracket, feed oil installment and so on. The cutting tool part through to processes the analysis which the deep hole the specification carries on, divides into it several scopes.
Bracket is the middle installment (Figure 5), its main function lies in supports the cutter bar, increases the cutter bar rigidity, causes the processing to carry on smoothly. Bracket design has certain versatility, mainly is because of the guide sleeve and the cutter bar coordination, cannot excessively tight, also cannot the looseness, as well as the knife set of and the cutter bar concentric, facilitates the different size the cutter bar to carry on the replacement. The feed
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oil part including coolant supply and the negative pressure suction scraps drill equipment. Generally coolant supply is called front equipment (Figure 6), the negative pressure suction scraps drill equipment is called back equipment ( Figure 7). Front and back equipment and cutting tool connection basis cutting tool scope hypothesis corresponding standard part, namely standard knife auxiliary connection and localization feed installment guidance part. When the workpiece size change, through the change cutting tool diameter scope module satisfies the request, the cutter bar and the localization feed installment localization part and the seal part maintains in certain scope invariably, satisfies the different diameter series the deep hole processing.
When the workpiece geometry order of complexity change, for example gyroidal deep hole components change to nongyroidal deep hole components, through the change auxiliary unit movement pattern, such as by original main axle revolving, the cutting tool straight line to feed will change the work piece to be motionless, the cutting tool on the one hand to feed on the other hand will revolve, pulled out the tool apron chuck and the negative pressure the filings to change by fixed motionless -like the rotary system to be possible to satisfy.
Figure 6: The 3D graph of front equipment of tool
Figure 7: The 3D graph of back equipment of tool
(4) Numerical control system
Uses open style reconfigurable numerical control system, using the software multiplying technology, adds the software by the general minicomputer or the microcomputer to carry on the control [7]. This article studies Reconfigurable numerical control deep hole machine Tool
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the numerical control part including the hardware and the software two modules, the hardware part including PC machine, I/O bus interface, PLC controller, servo actuation and so on, but Reconfigurable numerical control system the software aspect, uses the software multiplying technology, mainly displays is aiming at the concrete control unit to carry on the programming.
The deep hole machine Tool control mainly displays in the countershaft control, Reconfigurable deep hole machine Tool middle axle which this article studies the control mainly to have: To main axle control, because uses the frequency conversion velocity modulation electromotor, through to frequency changer control realization to main axle rotational speed control; To feeder equipment control, including to back installment and the headstock control, through the control realization to feed and the Y direction migration which actuates to its servo; Control rotates which to the cutting tool, the control which to its servo through which actuates the control realization cutting tool rotates.
4.2 Numerical control deep hole machine Tool element level reconfigurable (1) Deep hole processing examination
Since in the deep hole processing, the tool self-directed has not always obtained the full solution to the question. In deep hole processing, because the cutter bar is tall and slender, its torsional vibration directly will affect the processing precision, the cutting tool abrasive resistance and the cutting efficiency. The deep hole processes the cutting tool to walk the leaning phenomenon direct influence to process the hole the straight dimension, creates by the job abandonment possibility, therefore appears in the deep hole processing real-time examination especially importantly.
Because in the deep hole processing can form a lubricant film between the cutting tool and the opening wall, may use the supersonic to examine wall thickness, judges in the cutting tool processing whether walks.
For example shown in Figure 8, will be motionless to the work piece, the cutting tool revolving deep hole processing, will carry on the ultrasonic wave real-time examination. Because the work piece receives the jig and the machine tool influence, cannot poke head in to install in by job underneath, therefore uses three point designated the round principle to is
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processed the hole to carry on the localization.
The probe directly with by the job semblance surface contact, and carries on along with the drill bit migration the synchronized migration. Like this may realize in the deep hole processing the synchronization carries on the real-time examination, if discovered the unusual data change may stop immediately, through to cutting tool or appendage adjustment revision cutting tool processing route, thus avoids by the job abandonment, reduces the rejection rate, saves the resources effectively. (2) Deep processing adjustment
Makes the design to in the deep hole processing real-time examination. Through to headstock partial worm gear worm bearing adjuster adjustment rotation main axle certain angle, as well as the headstock Y direction migration realizes the adjustment.
Presently the work piece is motionless, the cutting tool revolving to feed for the example showed (as shown in Figure 9). If already examined is processed the hole to walk in like the graphical representation α direction Δ, realized the displacement adjustment with the worm gear worm bearing adjuster rotation θ（???sin?）angle, caused to?process the hole
L??cos?center and the cutting tool processing center?is in the identical horizontal plane, then in Y traverse?headstock S (S??cos?) the distance, then realized the?correction processing?displacement.
Figure 8: The graph of ultrasonic detection
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Figure 9: The graph of adjustment
5 Conclusion
Reconfigurable manufacture system is to list as one of key technologies which will first solve in the future manufacturing, this article has solved research on theory of reconfigurable for NC machine tool. Reconfigurable machine tool has many merits that include modularization, integration, custom-made, convertibility and so on. That is the traditional machine Tool cannot compare. This article has carried on the analysis from the deep hole components classification and the formed movement craft two aspects to the deep hole components race. The reconfigurable deep hole machine tool was to carry on the modular design based two aspects for the module partition and reconstructable analyze, solved the key technologies the machine tool modulation design. From the machine tool bed module, the head of machine tool module, the cutting tool auxiliary system and the numerical control system four aspects, to design and research on reconfigurable machine tool, solved the difficult design problem which the part reconfigurable designed. Finally uses the ultrasonic wave examination technology, has realized numerical control machine tool element level restructuring.
References
[1] R Nagel.21st Century Manufacturing Enterprise Strategy-An Industry Led View, Iacocca Institute, Lehigh University , pp.30-34. (1991).
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